Discrimination of resected glioma tissues using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Au@ZrO plasmonic nanosensor.

Gliomas present one of the most prevalent malignant tumors related to the central nervous system. Surgical extraction is still a preferred route for glioma treatment. Nonetheless, neurosurgeons still have a considerable challenge to detect actual margins of the targeted glioma intraoperatively and correctly because of its great natural infiltration.

Life expectancy in glioblastoma patients who had undergone stereotactic biopsy: a retrospective single-center study.

Objective: The best results in glioblastoma (GBM) are obtained through aggressive treatment comprising maximally radical but safe resection followed by chemoradiotherapy. However, certain patients will undergo only stereotactic biopsy. This paper aims to evaluate life expectancy in GBM patients who underwent only stereotactic biopsy, including the effect of subsequent oncological treatment.

Effects of Reoperation Timing on Survival among Recurrent Glioblastoma Patients: A Retrospective Multicentric Descriptive Study.

Glioblastoma inevitably recurs, but no standard regimen has been established for treating this recurrent disease. Several reports claim that reoperative surgery can improve survival, but the effects of reoperation timing on survival have rarely been investigated. We, therefore, evaluated the relationship between reoperation timing and survival in recurrent GBM.

IDH1/2 Mutations in Patients With Diffuse Gliomas: A Single Centre Retrospective Massively Parallel Sequencing Analysis.

Patients below 55 years were genetically studied because the prevalence of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) decreases in older patients and on grounds of cost-effectiveness, as suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016. The aim of our study was to use novel massively parallel sequencing (MPS) approaches to examine rare variants of IDH1/2 in Czech diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors (gliomas) patients below 55 years of age who had been immunohistochemically (IHC) diagnosed as IDH1 R132H negative. The IHC IDH1 status (wild type or mutant) of 275 tissue samples was analyzed using antibodies against the IDH1 R132H protein.

The Influence of Gene Aberrations on Survival in Resected Wildtype Glioblastoma Patients: A Single-Institution Study.

This prospective population-based study on a group of 132 resected IDH-wildtype (IDH-wt) glioblastoma (GBM) patients assesses the prognostic and predictive value of selected genetic biomarkers and clinical factors for GBM as well as the dependence of these values on the applied therapeutic modalities. The patients were treated in our hospital between June 2006 and June 2015. Clinical data and tumor samples were analyzed to determine the frequencies of TP53, MDM2, EGFR, RB1, BCR, and CCND1 gene aberrations and the duplication/deletion statuses of the 9p21.

Very late complications of oncotherapy in glioblastoma patients: A case series.

Background: Stroke-like syndrome is defined as a rare, delayed complication of brain oncotherapy. Cases with more favorable brain cancer diagnoses and longer life expectancy have been previously reported, but here we present, for the first time, three long-term survivors of glioblastoma with stroke-like syndromes.

Methods And Results: Three young or middle-aged patients underwent tumor resection and chemoradiotherapy.

Primary Intracranial Sarcomas, Myxoid Meningeal Sarcoma - a Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Primary intracranial sarcoma is a rare disease. Due to the scarcity of evidence from randomized clinical trials, we follow the treatment guidelines of their extracranial counterparts or those published in case reports, while taking into consideration the specificity of radiotherapy within the brain, and the limit imposed on chemotherapy by the blood brain barrier. Nevertheless, surgery remains the golden standard of treatment for primary tumours, and also for recurrence.

IDH Mutation Analysis in Glioma Patients by CADMA Compared with SNaPshot Assay and two Immunohistochemical Methods.

Mutations in IDH1/2 genes are a marker of good prognosis for glioma patients, associated with low grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas. Immunohistochemistry and Sanger sequencing are current standards for IDH1/2 genotyping while many other methods exist. The aim of this study was to validate Competitive amplification of differentially melting amplicons (CADMA) PCR for IDH genotyping by comparison with SNaPshot assay and two immunohistochemical methods.

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations are Better Prognostic Marker than O6-methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase Promoter Methylation in Glioblastomas - a Retrospective, Single-centre Molecular Genetics Study of Gliomas.

Background: Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) are a promising prognostic biomarker of gliomas. The purpose of our study was to examine the clinical prognostic properties of IDH1/2 mutations in a glioma patient cohort from the Czech Republic using an improved platform for simple and reliable IDH genotyping.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a group of 145 glioma patients by testing for the three most frequent IDH mutations, IDH1 R132H, IDH1 R132C, and IDH2 R172K, through the competitive amplification of differentially melting amplicons (CADMA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

[A Patient with Primary Intraventricular Gliosarcoma and Long-term Survival - a Case Report].

Background: Gliosarcoma is a rare, malignant CNS tumor with a very poor prognosis. Gliosarcoma is a variant of glioblastoma multiforme, which is characterized by the presence of both glial and mesenchymal components. The treatment strategy for gliosarcomas has not yet been determined clearly.

[Multimodal Therapy of Recurrent Malignant Schwannoma].

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor schwannoma (MPNST), also known as malignant schwannoma, is a very rare tumor accounting for only 2% of all sarcomas. The prognosis is relatively poor, with a 5-year survival rate of 46-69%. The treatment of MPNST has not been standardized yet.

Radiotherapy management of brain metastases using conventional linear accelerator.

Background And Aims: As treatments for primary cancers continue to improve life expectancy, unfortunately, brain metastases also appear to be constantly increasing and life expectancy for patients with brain metastases is low. Longer survival and improved quality of life may be achieved using localised radiological and surgical approaches in addition to low dose corticosteroids. Stereotactic brain radiotherapy is one rapidly evolving localized radiation treatment.

Treatment of brain metastases of renal cell cancer with combined hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy and whole brain radiotherapy with hippocampal sparing.

Renal cell cancer patients with brain metastatic disease generally have poor prognosis. Treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy, targeted therapy or best supportive care with respect to disease burden, patient preference and performance status. In the present case report the radiotherapy technique combining whole brain radiotherapy with hippocampal sparing (hippocampal avoidance whole brain radiotherapy HA-WBRT) and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) of the brain metastases is performed in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme in patients with history of extracranial cancer: Case series.

Objectives: Significant progress in treatment strategies improves the expectations of patients with extracranial cancers. Metastases are the primary consideration in patients with cancer history. In the case of neurologic disorders, the patient should undergo brain MRI.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations in gliomas.

Over the past few years, new biomarkers have allowed a deeper insight into gliomagenesis and facilitated the identification of possible targets for glioma therapy. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and IDH2 mutations have been shown to be promising biomarkers for monitoring disease prognosis and predicting the response to treatment. This review summarizes recent findings in this field.

[Patient with atypical neurocytoma - case report].

Background: Neurocytoma represents a rare tumor of the central nervous system usually slowly growing and generally with good prognosis after surgical resection with or without adjuvant radiotherapy.

Case: A 25-year- old woman presented with sudden fainting. During the initial workup, brain CT was completed with finding of tumor inside the third ventricle spreading into both lateral ventricles.

Resection versus biopsy of glioblastomas in eloquent brain areas.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare resection and biopsy of glioblastoma (GBM) in eloquent brain areas (EBA).

Methods: This was a prospective evaluation of 38 patients with GBM in EBA. 22 were treated by surgical resection and 16 by biopsy.

MEG3: a novel long noncoding potentially tumour-suppressing RNA in meningiomas.

Meningiomas represent one of the most common types of primary intracranial tumours. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis remain uncertain. Loss of chromosomes 22q, 1p, and 14q have been implicated in most meningiomas.

[Percutaneous interspinous dynamic stabilization (in-space) in patients with degenerative disease of the lumbosacral spine - a prospective study].

Introduction: Interspinous spacers are supposed to reduce the segmental extension with a decrease in the expansion of yellow ligaments into the spinal canal, thus avoiding the dynamic narrowing of the spinal canal and compression of nerve roots. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes and post-operative complications during one year in patients mostly having suffered from spinal stenosis and treated by In-Space interspinous spacer (Synthes, USA).

Material And Methods: A total of 25 patients aged between 25 and 73 (average age 52.

Current insights into surgery for intramedullary spinal cord metastases: a literature review.

Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) is the rarest type of CNS involvement by systemic malignant tumours. Optimal management of patients with ISCMs remains ambiguous. Based on two cases reported from our department, we focused on the strategy for intramedullary spinal cord metastases surgery.

[Multiple spinal myeloma and its surgical management].

Introduction And Aim: The management of spinal multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex process, including causal treatment (i.e. efforts to suppress the tumor clone), as well as supportive therapy, including surgery.

[Surgical treatment of thoracic disc herniation].

Purpose Of The Study: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of different surgical approaches to thoracic disc herniation, and to show the role of segmental fusion and selection of an appropriate microsurgical decompression technique for the successful outcome of surgery.

Material: A group of 27 patients, 10 men and 17 women, between 31 and 70 years (average age, 49.33 years) were included in this prospective study.

Intramedullary spinal cord and cauda equina metastasis of breast carcinoma: case report.

Aim: We present a case report of a female patient with metastasis of breast carcinoma to the medullary conus and cauda equina.

Methods: A 48-year-old woman with a history of breast tumor, suddenly felt severe weakness and numbness of the lower extremities. MRI of the spine disclosed a mass lesion within the medullary conus, with leptomeningeal involvement of cauda equina at the spinal level L1.

Replication stress and oxidative damage contribute to aberrant constitutive activation of DNA damage signalling in human gliomas.

Malignant gliomas, the deadliest of brain neoplasms, show rampant genetic instability and resistance to genotoxic therapies, implicating potentially aberrant DNA damage response (DDR) in glioma pathogenesis and treatment failure. Here, we report on gross, aberrant constitutive activation of DNA damage signalling in low- and high-grade human gliomas, and analyze the sources of such endogenous genotoxic stress. Based on analyses of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines, normal astrocytes and clinical specimens from grade II astrocytomas (n=41) and grade IV GBM (n=60), we conclude that the DDR machinery is constitutively activated in gliomas, as documented by phosphorylated histone H2AX (gammaH2AX), activation of the ATM-Chk2-p53 pathway, 53BP1 foci and other markers.

[Studies of YB-1 protein in breast tumors].

The multifunctional mammalian protein YB-1 is involved in multiple DNA- and mRNA-dependent events in the cell and regulates gene expression at different levels. The intracellular localization and relative mRNA content of YB-1 in the breast tumors were studied. The presence of cells with nuclear YB-1 localization in the tumor cell population is a poor predictor that correlates with larger tumors (more than 5 cm).