Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Driver of Inflammaging.

Life expectancy and age-related diseases burden increased significantly over the past few decades. Age-related conditions are commonly discussed in a very limited paradigm of depleted cellular proliferation and maturation with exponential accumulation of senescent cells. However, most recent evidence showed that the majority of age-associated ailments, i.

Contrasting the Surface Phonon Dispersion of Pb_{0.7}Sn_{0.3}Se in Its Topologically Trivial and Nontrivial Phases.

We report inelastic He atom scattering measurements of the (001) surface phonon dispersion of the topological crystalline insulator Pb_{0.7}Sn_{0.3}Se.

Features of the functional activity of macrophage link of immunity with gastroesophageal reflux disease depending on the type of reluctate: in vitro model.

Aim: A generalized analysis of changes in functional activity of macrophages on the basis of phagocytic activity, cytokine profile, changes in the level of expression of surface markers characteristic of pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotype of the cells when exposed to reluctate.

Materials And Methods: Developed in vitro model of co-peritoneal macrophages of mice With57/BL6 (n=65) and reluctate patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD; n=65) having different pH values (three group comparison). Took into account the standard criteria phagocytic ability (absorption Staphylococcus aureus 9198, light microscopy), secretory activity (cytokine profile Th1/Th2, flow cytometry) and receptor characterization of macrophages (expression of CD25/80/163/206, flow cytometry).

[Reprogrammed M1 macrophages with inhibited STAT3, STAT6 and/or SMAD3 extends lifespan of mice with experimental carcinoma].

Objective. Reprogramming of M1 macrophage phenotype with inhibited M2 phenotype transcription factors, such as STAT3, STAT6 and SMAD and assess their impact on the development of Ehrlich carcinoma (EC) in vitro and in vivo. Methods.

Long-Term Safety of Transplanting Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells into the Extravascular Spaces of the Choroid of Rabbits.

Incurable neuroretinal degeneration diseases cause severe vision loss and blindness in millions of patients worldwide. In previous studies, we demonstrated that transplanting human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) in the extravascular spaces of the choroid (EVSC) of the Royal College of Surgeon rats ameliorated retinal degeneration for up to 5 months. Assessing the safety of hBMSC treatment and graft survival in a large animal is a crucial step before initiating clinical trials.

M3 Macrophages Stop Division of Tumor Cells In Vitro and Extend Survival of Mice with Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND M1 macrophages target tumor cells. However, many tumors produce anti-inflammatory cytokines, which reprogram the anti-tumor M1 macrophages into the pro-tumor M2 macrophages. We have hypothesized that the problem of pro-tumor macrophage reprogramming could be solved by using a special M3 switch phenotype.

A minimally invasive adjustable-depth blunt injector for delivery of pharmaceuticals into the posterior pole.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility and safety of a novel minimally invasive adjustable-depth blunt injector for pharmaceuticals delivery into the posterior segment.

Methods: Indocyanine green (ICG), sodium fluorescein and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were injected using the new injector into the extravascular spaces of the choroid (EVSC) compartment of rabbits and cadaver pig eyes. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus imaging and histology analysis were performed for assessment of injection safety and efficacy.

Isolated small airway reactivity during bronchoprovocation as a mechanism for respiratory symptoms in WTC dust-exposed community members.

Introduction: Small airway dysfunction occurs following WTC dust exposure, but its role in producing symptoms is unclear.

Methods: Methacholine challenge (MCT) was used to assess the relationship between onset of respiratory symptoms and small airway abnormalities in 166 symptomatic WTC dust-exposed patients. Forced oscillation testing (FOT) and respiratory symptoms were assessed during MCT.

C57BL/6N Mice Are More Resistant to Ehrlich Ascites Tumors Than C57BL/6J Mice: The Role of Macrophage Nitric Oxide.

BACKGROUND Effectiveness of the immune defense formed by the genotype often determines the predisposition to cancer. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by macrophages is an important element in this defense. MATERIAL AND METHODS We hypothesized that genetic characteristics of NO generation systems can predetermine the vulnerability to tumor development.

Macrophages Reprogrammed In Vitro Towards the M1 Phenotype and Activated with LPS Extend Lifespan of Mice with Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND The majority of tumors trigger macrophage reprogramming from an anti-tumor M1 phenotype towards a pro-tumor M2 phenotype. The M2 phenotype promotes tumor growth. We hypothesized that increasing the number of M1 macrophages in a tumor would limit carcinogenesis and extend the lifespan of the tumor host.

[Genetic features of nitric oxide generating systems predetermine the body's resistance to the development of carcinoma].

Predisposition to tumors is often determined by how effectively the genotype of an individual forms an immune defense. An important factor of such protection is macrophage NO. We assumed that the body's vulnerability to the development of tumors may depend from the characteristics of the NO generating systems.

[A novel system for minimally invasive transplantation of bone marrow derived stem cells as a thin layer in the subretina and extravascular spaces of the choroid--for treatment of retinal degeneration].

Background: Incurable retinal degenerations affect millions worldwide. Stem cell transplantation rescued visual functions in animal models of retinal degeneration. In those studies, cells were transplanted in subretinal "blebs".

[The role of genetic peculiarityes (of organisms) in the resistance to neoplastic processes in August line and Wistar population rats].

The probability of development of the Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma in young August and Wistar rats was investigated. The Ehrlich's carcinoma strain was derived in mice in the N.N.

Unidirectional lasing emerging from frozen light in nonreciprocal cavities.

We introduce a class of unidirectional lasing modes associated with the frozen mode regime of nonreciprocal slow-wave structures. Such asymmetric modes can only exist in cavities with broken time-reversal and space inversion symmetries. Their lasing frequency coincides with a spectral stationary inflection point of the underlying passive structure and is virtually independent of its size.

[Functional activity of alveolar macrophages in patients with bronchial asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease].

Combination of bronchial asthma (BA) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a widespread clinical situation. The two pathologies are known to influence each other leading to disturbances in immune responsiveness. We studied phenotypes and phenotypic plasticity of immune cells (alveolar macrophages) in patients with BA and GERD.

[The total content and oligomeric transformations of surfactant protein d in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in bronchial asthma and gastroesophageal reflux disease: the role in deterioration of the immune response].

The study of pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (BA) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or their combination showed that the intensity of inflammation and the choice between Thl and Th2 immune responses are determined by macrophages (elements of congenital immunity). Lung surfactant protein D (SP-D) existing in various oligomneric forms (as monomer trimer, dodecamer, multimer) plays an important role in the mechanism of transformation ofalveolar macrophage phenotype. Patients with BA+GERD have higher SP-D level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid than those with GERD alone but lower than patients with BA.

Taming the flow of light via active magneto-optical impurities.

We demonstrate that the interplay of a magneto-optical layer sandwiched between two judiciously balanced gain and loss layers which are both birefringent with misaligned in-plane anisotropy, induces unidirectional electromagnetic modes. Embedding one such optically active non-reciprocal unit between a pair of birefringent Bragg reflectors, results in an exceptionally strong asymmetry in light transmission. Remarkably, such asymmetry persists regardless of the incident light polarization.

[Resistance to acute hypoxia and changes in the phenotype and phenotypic plasticity of macrophages in mice of different genetic strains].

The aim of study was to investigate the effect of hypoxia on the macrophage phenotype and phenotypic plasticity and to determine the resistance to acute hypoxia in C57/BL mice, which have the pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage phenotype, and in BALB/c mice, which have the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage phenotype. The following results were obtained. 1) The response of macrophages to acute hypoxia has two successive phases, the immediate, anti-inflammatory phase, and the delayed, pro-inflammatory phase.

Dynamic splinting for postoperative hallux limitus: a randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Hallux limitus (HL) is a pathology of degenerative arthritis in the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTJ) of the great toe. Chief complaints of HL include inflammation, edema, pain, and reduced flexibility. The onset of HL commonly occurs after one of the two most common surgical procedures for foot pathologies, a bunionectomy or a cheilectomy.

External fixators for elective rearfoot and ankle arthrodesis. Techniques and indications.

Since its introduction to the western hemisphere in the mid 1980's, Gavriel Ilizarov's ring fixator system has been studied extensively and shown to be a superior mechanical construct for stabilizing limb segments. This newfound form of external fixation has radically changed many elements of foot and ankle reconstruction, providing a modular device that can accommodate the complex limb deformities while performing multiple tasks. This article summarizes the authors' experience with compression arthrodesis of the rearfoot and ankle using external fixation.

Risk factors for a decline in upper body function following treatment for early stage breast cancer.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for a decline in upper body function following treatment for early stage breast cancer.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of 213 women > 55 years of age newly diagnosed with early stage breast cancer interviewed three to five months following their definitive surgery. Patients were classified as having impaired upper body function related to their breast cancer treatment if: 1) they reported having no difficulty in performing any of three tasks requiring upper body function (pushing or pulling large objects; lifting objects weighing more than 10 pounds; and reaching or extending arms above shoulder level) prior to treatment, but reported that any of these tasks were somewhat or very difficult in the four weeks prior to interview, or 2) they reported that performing any of the three tasks requiring upper body function was somewhat difficult prior to treatment, but reported that any of these tasks were very difficult in the four weeks prior to interview.

Thiazide diuretics and the initiation of anti-gout therapy.

While physiologic and epidemiologic evidence link diuretic therapy with hyperuricemia, no previous study has quantified the risk for initiation of treatment specific for hyperuricemia or gout among elderly patients taking thiazide diuretics. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 9249 enrollees aged 65 or older in the New Jersey Medicaid program who were newly started on an antihypertensive medication from November 1981 through February 1989 and who had no prior use of anti-gout therapy (allopurinol, colchicine, or a uricosutic) during the preceding one-year period. We used Cox proportional hazards analysis to determine the risk for the initiation of anti-gout therapy in patients using various antihypertensive treatment regimens relative to no antihypertensive exposure.

Podiatry Institute ankle fusion technique.

The authors review the ankle and pantalar fusion literature. The authors performed a retrospective review on 42 ankle and pantalar fusions, emphasizing the role of internal fixation. The Podiatry Institute technique for internal fixation of ankle fusions is described and experience with the technique is reviewed.

Policy analysis of the conversion of histamine2 antagonists to over-the-counter use.

Objectives: The authors assess the costs associated with treatment of dyspepsia with histamine2 antagonists versus without availability of over-the-counter (OTC).

Methods: A cost analysis was performed using a decision-analysis model. Patients with an initial episode of dyspepsia were studied.

Use of the Ilizarov external fixator in the treatment of lower extremity deformities.

The authors present a brief history of the development of the Ilizarov external fixator, and the classic uses associated with it. A preliminary study of 3 patients using 56 frames is presented. The Ilizarov external fixator is successfully used in these cases in place of traditional fixation.