Efficacy of a single central injection of lignocaine at the scrotal neck on the behavioural response of lambs to castration.

Objective: To compare the behavioural responses of lambs to ring castration with or without local anaesthetic administration by single midline injection at the scrotal neck.

Study Design: Blinded, randomized block design pen study.

Animals: A group of 60 male Merino lambs; 6-8 weeks of age; average body weight of 18.

How dental teams can help patients with temporomandibular disorders receive general dental care: An International Delphi process.

Background: Many patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) find it difficult to undergo dental care due to challenges caused by their condition, previous temporomandibular joint surgery or invasive dental procedures, and the impact of comorbid conditions. Managing routine dental care for some patients with TMD can be seen as challenging by some dental practitioners.

Objective: The objective of this study was to work with patients experiencing TMD and clinicians to co-produce recommendations aimed at helping general dentists to provide routine dental care for patients with TMD.

Automated Virtual Fencing Can Effectively Contain Sheep: Field Trials and Prospects.

Virtual fencing technology uses on-animal devices to communicate boundaries via a warning audio tone and electrical pulse signals. There is currently limited validation work on sheep. This study used modified cattle eShepherd virtual fencing neckbands on reduced-wool sheep with clipped necks to enable automated trials with small groups across both day and night.

What is the damage? Testicular germ cell tumour survivors deficient in testosterone at risk of metabolic syndrome and a need for medical intervention.

Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) survivors are coping with late treatment sequelae. Testosterone deficiency may contribute to earlier onset of metabolic syndrome. The study aimed to assess connections between serum testosterone concentrations and metabolic disorders as well as body composition in TGCT survivors.

A survey on the training needs of caregivers in five European countries.

Aim: This survey explored caregivers' perceived training needs in 5 European countries (United Kingdom, Greece, Bulgaria, Poland and Italy).

Background: Training can enhance the professional capacity of caregivers; however, caregivers' training needs within Europe have not been examined recently.

Methods: A survey conducted in 2015 captured data from 550 caregivers using a convenience sampling strategy, through a structured questionnaire and additional open-ended items and by conducting statistical and content analysis.

Autonomous screening of groundwater remediation technologies in the subsurface using the In Situ Microcosm Array (ISMA).

The groundwater remediation industry continues to progress towards less expensive, more sustainable in situ remedies. However, in situ treatment requires site-specific performance data that can be difficult or impossible to obtain using conventional laboratory microcosm studies. To improve the representativeness of laboratory scale treatability studies, and aid in remedial technology implementation, we developed the In Situ Microcosm Array (ISMA).

Assessment of quality of life in patients surgically treated for penile cancer: Impact of aggressiveness in surgery.

Purpose: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) evaluations are being increasingly used for clinical assessment of cancer treatment outcomes. For a patient, not only is life expectancy important, but also a general sense of sustained global health. Intuitively, the more disfiguring the treatment, the more pronounced could be the deterioration in the QoL.

Quality of life in penile carcinoma patients - post-total penectomy.

Introduction: Total amputation, as a treatment for advanced penile cancer, significantly debilitates the patient's quality of life and sexual function. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life in patients who had undergone total penectomy.

Material And Methods: The questionnaires EORTC QLQ C-30, SES, CMNI, and a modified IIEF-15 questionnaire, were sent to 11 patients.

An incidentally diagnosed prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate was initially described in 1967 by Melicow and Patcher. It was given the erroneous name endometrioid carcinoma, however, further studies confirmed the prostatic origin of this tumor. Currently DAP is classified as a histological variant of prostatic carcinoma.

Prognostic factors in patients undergoing lymphadenectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.

Introduction: Penile cancer is rare, and data on prognostic factors of the disease are scarce. The aim of the study was to assess prognostic factors in patients undergoing lymphadenectomy for penile cancer.

Material And Methods: Ninety-eight men who underwent lymphadenectomy for penile cancer were enrolled in the study.

Simultaneous determination of chlorinated ethenes and ethene in groundwater using headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography.

Widespread contamination of groundwater by chlorinated ethenes and their biological dechlorination products necessitates the reliable monitoring of liquid matrices; current methods approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) require a minimum of 5 mL of sample volume and cannot simultaneously detect all transformative products.

Can Stress Enhance Phytoremediation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls?

Phytoremediation-plant-facilitated remediation of polluted soil and groundwater-is a potentially effective treatment technology for the remediation of heavy metals and certain organic compounds. However, contaminant attenuation rates are often not rapid enough to make phytoremediation a viable option when compared with alternative treatment approaches. Different strategies are being employed to enhance the efficacy of phytoremediation, including modification to the plant genome, inoculation of the rhizosphere with specialized and/or engineered bacteria, and treatment of the soil with supplementary chemicals, such as surfactants, chelators, or fertilizers.

Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma.

A case of a 30-year-old female patient diagnosed with mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MT&SCC) of her left kidney of the basis of an abdominal ultrasound scan performed when nonspecific pain is presented. The histopathology report revealed a classic type of MT&SCC. Photographs of histopathological samples are shown.

Does pharmacological castration as adjuvant therapy for prostate cancer after radiotherapy affect anxiety and depression levels, cognitive functions and quality of life?

Introduction: Adjuvant hormonotherapy for prostate cancer patients after radical radiotherapy has a well-established value. However, the impact of such treatment on the patients' quality of life remains to be elucidated.

Objective: The objective is to assess the impact of adjuvant hormonotherapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue after radical radiotherapy on anxiety and depression levels, cognitive function, sexual function and quality of life of prostate cancer patients.

Urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy - experience of the last 100 cases.

Radical prostatectomy (RP) is a recognized treatment method of organ-confined prostate cancer. Among post-surgery complications, urinary incontinence is a major one. The aim of this study was to determine the incontinence rate after RP and to analyze factors that might affect it.

Reducing the number of monitor units in multileaf collimator field segmentation.

Multileaf collimators (MLCs) are the prevailing tool for the realization of radiation fields in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). One step in the treatment planning is to determine a set of leaf positions realizing a certain intensity modulated radiation field. In this paper we suggest two extensions in the use of the MLC that lead to considerable savings in terms of monitor units, thus potentially increasing the treatment quality.