A device to detect leakage at the patient end of total intravenous anaesthesia.

The use of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is limited by concerns of disconnections of the tubing, resulting in accidental awareness. We designed a sensor device to detect leakages at the patient end and notify the medical personnel, thereby allowing immediate intervention in preventing awareness. For moisture detection, resistive sensing was selected as the working principle.

Sevoflurane to alleviate pain on propofol injection.

Purpose: Since the introduction of propofol, several drugs and methods have been used to alleviate the pain on its injection. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of adding sevoflurane 3% during preoxygenation in alleviation of pain on propofol injection.

Methods: In this randomized single-blinded study, 100 patients were randomly allocated equally into five groups: sevoflurane-lidocaine-tourniquet (SLT), sevoflurane-lidocaine (SL), lidocaine-tourniquet (LT), lidocaine (L), and sevoflurane (S).