The intervertebral disc during growth: Signal intensity changes on magnetic resonance imaging and their relevance to low back pain.

Life-time prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in children and adolescents varies from 7% to 72%. Disc changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been reported in up to 44% of children with earliest observations around pre-puberty. In this longitudinal cohort study, our objective was to determine the natural history of disc changes from childhood to early adulthood, and the possible association of these changes to LBP.

ISSLS prize in clinical science 2022: accelerated disc degeneration after pubertal growth spurt differentiates adults with low back pain from their asymptomatic peers.

Purpose: In this prospective observational cohort study, the development of lumbar intervertebral discs (LIVD) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was investigated from childhood to adulthood with emphasis on the possible association of disc degeneration (DD) to low back pain (LBP).

Methods: In 2021, 89 subjects who were enrolled in 1994 in a longitudinal study with lumbar spine MRI at ages 8, 11 and 18 were invited to participate in a long-term follow-up comprising a clinical examination, selected patient-reported outcome measures and a lumbar spine MRI. We assessed all MRIs (three lowest LIVDs) with the Pfirrmann summary score, and the ratio of signal intensity of nucleus pulposus to signal intensity of cerebrospinal fluid (SINDL).

Long-term outcome after posterolateral, anterior, and circumferential fusion for high-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis in children and adolescents: magnetic resonance imaging findings after average of 17-year follow-up.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study to evaluate the long-term result of posterolateral (PLF), anterior (AF), and circumferential fusion (CF) for isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Objectives: To assess the long-term effects of PLF, AF, or CF for high-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis on lumbar spine in children and adolescents by using MRI.

Summary Of Background Data: Short- and mid-term clinical and plain radiographic results of isthmic spondylolisthesis and of PLF, AF, and CF in severe slip are well documented.

Treatment of severe spondylolisthesis in adolescence with reduction or fusion in situ: long-term clinical, radiologic, and functional outcome.

Study Design: Retrospective follow-up study with two cohorts: one treated with reduction and the other with fusion in situ.

Objective: To assess the long-term effects of reduction versus fusion in situ on lumbar spine in children and adolescents with severe L5 isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Summary Of Background Data: Severe isthmic spondylolisthesis is commonly treated with fusion in situ, but modern surgical techniques and instrumentation permit the reduction of a severely slipped fifth lumbar vertebra.

Direct repair for treatment of symptomatic spondylolysis and low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis in young patients: no benefit in comparison to segmental fusion after a mean follow-up of 14.8 years.

The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term clinical, functional, and radiographic outcome of direct repair of spondylolysis using cerclage wire fixation according to Scott in young patients with symptomatic spondylolysis or low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis as compared to the outcome after uninstrumented posterolateral in situ fusion. Twenty-five out of 28 patients of the direct repair group (89%) and 23 out of 28 of the fusion group (82%) were available for follow-up examination. The assessment by independent observers included a structured interview (Oswestry questionnaire [ODI], visual analogue scale, SRS questionnaire), a clinical examination, functional testing, plain radiography, and MRI.

Posterolateral, anterior, or circumferential fusion in situ for high-grade spondylolisthesis in young patients: a long-term evaluation using the Scoliosis Research Society questionnaire.

Study Design: A retrospective, comparative follow-up study.

Objective: To compare clinical and radiographic outcomes after posterolateral, anterior, or circumferential fusion in situ for high-grade spondylolisthesis in children and adolescents.

Summary Of Background Data: Controversial opinions still exist about the surgical treatment of severe isthmic spondylolisthesis.

No correlation between patient outcome and abnormal lumbar MRI findings 21 years after posterior or posterolateral fusion for isthmic spondylolisthesis in children and adolescents.

Between 1977 and 1987, posterior (n=29) or posterolateral (n=73) fusion was performed for mild to moderate (slip <50%) isthmic spondylolisthesis on 102 patients (46 females, 56 males). The patients' average age at the time of operation was 15.9 (range, 8.

Long-term clinical, functional and radiological outcome 21 years after posterior or posterolateral fusion in childhood and adolescence isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Long-term radiological studies have shown that a high rate of fusion can be achieved with posterolateral spondylodesis. Radiological findings, however, do not always correlate with patient satisfaction and outcome. No studies have been conducted on the long-term results of functional outcome, including spinal mobility and trunk strength measurements, after operative treatment of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, as compared with the reference population.

Scoliosis research society outcome instrument in evaluation of long-term surgical results in spondylolysis and low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis in young patients.

Study Design: A retrospective follow-up study of low-grade (slip < or = 50%) isthmic spondylolisthesis after posterior or posterolateral fusion in young patients.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of the Scoliosis Research Society questionnaire and compare it with Oswestry Disability Index and radiographic parameters in patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Summary Of Background Data: A few studies have examined long-term patient outcome using validated questionnaires or compared it with radiographic parameters after surgery for isthmic spondylolisthesis in young patients.