Clinal variation in autosomal satellite DNA clusters across a contact zone in Barker Frogs.

Contact zones between genetically divergent lineages offer a unique opportunity to explore gene flow and speciation dynamics. Because satellite DNAs (satDNAs) have high evolutionary rates, they may be useful for comparing related taxa and assessing contact zones. Here, we analyzed the distribution of chromosomal clusters of PcP190 satDNA across a contact zone between two distinct genetic lineages of a Neotropical species complex of frogs.

High diversity of 5S ribosomal DNA and evidence of recombination with the satellite DNA PcP190 in frogs.

Distinct types of 5S rDNA repeats, differing by size and composition of its non-transcribed spacer (NTS), have been found in diverse taxa. Both concerted evolution and birth-and-death evolution have proven to play important roles in the evolution of the 5S rDNA family. In anurans, however, this subject has been underexplored as only a few anuran species had their 5S rDNA characterized and evolutionary analyzed to date.

Sequencing of laser captured Z and W chromosomes of the tocantins paradoxical frog (Pseudis tocantins) provides insights on repeatome and chromosomal homology.

Pseudis tocantins is the only frog species of the hylid genus Pseudis that possesses highly heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Z and W chromosomes of Ps. tocantins differ in size, morphology, position of the nucleolar organizer region (NOR) and the amount and distribution of heterochromatin.

Cytogenetics of four foam-nesting frog species of the Physalaemus gracilis group (Anura, Leptodactylidae).

Intending to increase the knowledge about cytogenetics of Physalaemus and the sparsely studied P. gracilis group, we analyzed the karyotypes of P. carrizorum, P.

Comparative mapping of a new repetitive DNA sequence and chromosome region-specific probes unveiling rearrangements in an Amazonian frog complex.

The frog species exists in the Amazonian region and harbors heteromorphic Z and W chromosomes. A genetic lineage closely related to this species was recognized based on its mitochondrial DNA and RADseq-style markers, but its taxonomic status is still unclear and has been referred to as Lineage 1 of "". The heteromorphic sex chromosomes found in are not present in this lineage and which of its chromosome pairs is homologous to the sex chromosomes of remain to be elucidated as well as the role of such a karyotypic divergence in the evolution of these frogs.

Cytogenetic characterization and mapping of the repetitive DNAs in Cycloramphus bolitoglossus (Werner, 1897): More clues for the chromosome evolution in the genus Cycloramphus (Anura, Cycloramphidae).

Cycloramphus bolitoglossus (Werner, 1897) is a rare species with a low population density in the Serra do Mar region of Paraná and Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil. Currently, it has been assigned to the Near Threatened (NT) category in the Brazilian List of Endangered Animal Species. Here, we described the karyotype of this species for the first time and investigated the patterns of some repetitive DNA classes in the chromosomes using molecular cytogenetic approaches.

Satellite DNA Mapping in (Hylidae, Pseudinae) Provides New Insights into Sex Chromosome Evolution in Paradoxical Frogs.

In the frog genus , previous works found a sex-linked heteromorphism of the PcP190 satellite DNA in the nucleolus organizer region (NOR)-bearing chromosome pairs of and , which possess a ZZ/ZW sex determination system. A pericentromeric inversion was inferred to have occurred during W chromosome evolution, moving a chromosomal cluster enriched by the PcP190 from the short arm (as observed in ) to the NOR-bearing long arm (as observed in ). However, whether such an inversion happened in or in the common ancestor of and remained unclear.

The mitochondrial genome of the endemic Brazilian paradoxical frog (Hylidae).

In this work, we present for the first time the mitochondrial genome of a paradoxical frog (). This genome is 15.56 kb, excluding the control region, and is similar in gene content to other hylid mitogenomes.

Sex Chromosome Differentiation in the Frog Genus Involves Satellite DNA and Chromosome Rearrangements.

The genus comprises six frogs of the family Hylidae and only had heteromorphic sex chromosomes detected by classical cytogenetics. In this species, the W chromosome is larger than the Z chromosome and has a large heterochromatic block located between the centromere and the nucleolus organizer region (NOR) in the long arm. This large heterochromatic band is enriched for the PcP190 satellite DNA (satDNA), whereas the Z chromosome bears a smaller C-band adjacent to the centromere in the long arm that is not detected by PcP190 probes.

Unraveling the Sex Chromosome Heteromorphism of the Paradoxical Frog Pseudis tocantins.

The paradoxical frog Pseudis tocantins is the only species in the Hylidae family with known heteromorphic Z and W sex chromosomes. The Z chromosome is metacentric and presents an interstitial nucleolar organizer region (NOR) on the long arm that is adjacent to a pericentromeric heterochromatic band. In contrast, the submetacentric W chromosome carries a pericentromeric NOR on the long arm, which is adjacent to a clearly evident heterochromatic band that is larger than the band found on the Z chromosome and justify the size difference observed between these chromosomes.