Recurrent Seizures in an Adolescent Female With Extensive Intracranial Calcifications: A Case Report of Fahr's Syndrome Secondary to Hypoparathyroidism.

Fahr's syndrome is a rare, progressive, neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by bilateral and symmetrical calcifications over the basal ganglia and other parts of the brain, leading to a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from neurologic symptoms of movement disorders, seizures, and cerebellar dysfunction to neuropsychiatric symptoms such as dementia, psychosis, and mood disorders. The widespread calcific deposits within the brain tissue that characterize Fahr's syndrome develop secondary to different underlying conditions such as parathyroid disorders, brain infections, and toxic exposures. Hypoparathyroidism, a rare disorder of calcium and phosphate metabolism, is the most commonly identified etiology of Fahr's syndrome.

Urology Training in sub-Saharan Africa: A Survey of Training Directors.

Background: Urology is one of the most rapidly evolving and technologically advanced surgical specialties. However, training programs in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face unique challenges. This study aimed to assess the current status of urology training in SSA and identify areas for improvement, providing crucial insights into the strengths and limitations of these programs.

Current Status of Prostate Biopsy in Africa: Are We Ready for a Targeted Biopsy?

Background: Prostate cancer remains a significant public health issue globally, with considerable disparities in diagnostic and management practices, especially in Africa. Traditional diagnostic methods such as transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies have limitations in accuracy and are associated with potential complications. Emerging targeted biopsy techniques promise improved cancer detection rates and reduced morbidity but face adoption challenges across the African continent due to variable access to advanced imaging technologies and professional expertise.

Cecal volvulus mimicking acute appendicitis: A rare case report.

Introduction: Cecal volvulus is a rare condition, accounting for about 1-5 % of intestinal obstruction causes. It carries high morbidity and mortality unless diagnosed and managed early.

Case Presentation: We present a case of 33 yrs.

Global viewpoints: proposals for the development of endourology in resource-limited countries in Africa.

Endourology plays an important role in modern urological practice. Compared to open surgery, it offers many advantages. In Africa, endourology is not widely practiced or non-existent in some referral centres.

Self-inflicted penile and testicular amputation: A very rare case report and treatment dilemma in the absence of microsurgical service.

Introduction And Importance: Genital self-mutilation is a rare urologic surgical emergency that is usually encountered in patients with underlying psychiatric illness. Because of shortage of published data and variance in management schemes worldwide, these conditions can present a significant management dilemma.

Case Presentation: In this case report we present this rare phenomenon, where a known schizophrenic patient presented after he amputated both of his testes and penis under the influence of command hallucination.

Rare case of giant ischiorectal leiomyosarcoma.

Introduction: Leiomyosarcoma is a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma especially giant ones (size >5 cm). It is usually arises from the uterus and retroperitoneum. Ischiorectal space is not a common site for primary leomyosarcoma.

Surgical Advances in Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Africa: What About the Endoscopic Approach?

Objective: To assess the practices, trends, and challenges associated with the use of endoscopic techniques in Africa related to the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia METHODS: The questionnaire, which was based on Google Forms, assessed several points related to the surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Results: In 67.4% of the centers, BPH was the primary pathology requiring surgical management.

Place of urolithiasis in the spectrum of urological pathologies, practices and use of endourological procedures in the management of calculi of the upper urinary tract: results of a survey of referral centres in Africa.

Our aim was to determine the current trend of endourology in the management of upper urinary tract calculi in Africa reference centres. We conducted an online multiple-choice questionnaire survey involving 46 centres from 27 countries using a structured well-designed Google Form (®) questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed to the head of service through their emails.

Short-term recurrence rate of male urethral stricture and its predictors after treatment with optical internal urethrotomy: Prospective Cohort Study at a tertiary center in Ethiopia.

Background: Although optical internal urethrotomy is popular among the urologists due to its simplicity and safety, urethroplasty is considered the gold standard treatment for urethral strictures. This study aims to determine the 1-year recurrence rate of urethral strictures after optical urethrotomy and identify predictors of recurrence in a tertiary center in Ethiopia.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on 80 male patients who underwent optical urethrotomy from November 2019 to August 2020 in a tertiary center in Ethiopia.

Gross Hematuria Caused by Intravesical Migration of a Forgotten Intrauterine Device: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Intrauterine device (IUD) is the second most widely used method of contraception worldwide. Up to 14% women prefer IUD for its attractive advantages such as cost effectiveness, high efficiency, and low complication rate. Despite these advantages, however, some complications may occur.

Torsed spermatocele, a rare cause of acute scrotum: Report of a case and review of literature.

Spermatocele is a common cause of benign scrotal swelling that mostly arises from the head of the epididymis. It is a fluid-filled swelling containing spermatozoa. Torsion of a spermatocele is a very rare encounter for a urologist.

Complete Duplex of the Left Ureter with Lower Moiety Hydronephrosis Secondary to Ureteral Stone in Adult.

Ureteral duplication is a common embryologic abnormality of the kidney with an incidence rate of 0.8% in adults. However, complete duplex ureters opening independently into the urinary bladder are rarely present.

Pilimiction, a Rare Presentation of Ovarian Teratoma: A Case Report.

Background: Adnexal teratoma involving the urinary bladder is a very rare condition. Presentation is variable ranging from irritative LUTS (lower urinary tract symptoms) to pilimiction or trichiuria (passage of hair in the urine).

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 42-year-old woman who presented with pilimiction and lower abdominal pain.

Bilaterally Fused Supernumerary Kidneys: A Very Rare Case Report and Review of Literature.

Supernumerary kidney is a rare anomaly of number where commonly a third extra kidney exists with its own collecting system, blood supply, and encapsulated parenchyma. However, an extremely rare and unique diagnosis of bilateral supernumerary kidneys is also reported in few instances where two extra kidneys exist on each side of the body. Parenchymal fusion and the presence of good excretory function make the supernumerary kidneys even rarer as many of the reported cases are rudimentary organs.

Giant bladder stone resulting in acute kidney injury; A case report and review of literature.

A giant bladder stone is very rare in adults. We report a case of giant bladder stone causing acute kidney injury in a 23-year-old male, who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) characterized by both irritative and obstructive LUTS. In addition, he also had episodes of reddish urine for the past decade.

Emergency Decompression of Obstructive Uropathy Using Percutaneous Nephrostomy: Disease Pattern and Treatment Outcome at Two Urology Centers in Ethiopia.

Purpose: Obstructive uropathy (OU) is a potentially life-threatening urologic emergency that requires urgent decompression. Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is a commonly performed procedure to decompress OU. The objective of this study is to assess disease patterns and treatment outcome at two urologic centers in Ethiopia.

Fused Supernumerary Kidney with Single Pelvis and Ureter; Presenting with Stones: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: A supernumerary kidney is an extremely rare congenital anomaly, defined as the presence of one or more extra kidneys. Thus far, there have been less than 100 cases reported in the medical literature. It has its capsule, vascular supply, and collecting system.