Gut microbiome-derived bacterial extracellular vesicles in patients with solid tumours.

Introduction: Gut microbiome-derived nanoparticles, known as bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs), have garnered interest as promising tools for studying the link between the gut microbiome and human health. The diverse composition of bEVs, including their proteins, mRNAs, metabolites, and lipids, makes them useful for investigating diseases such as cancer. However, conventional approaches for studying gut microbiome composition alone may not be accurate in deciphering host-gut microbiome communication.

Stochastic model for the transfer of gaseous particles in polymer-carbon-nanotube nanocomposites with interfacial regions.

In this work, a stochastic model of gaseous transfer in polymer-carbon-nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites is presented. The model takes into account interfacial areas, i.e.

Transformation and survival in marginal zone lymphoma: a Finnish nationwide population-based study.

Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is an indolent B-cell malignancy with heterogeneous anatomical and clinical presentation. While MZLs are generally associated with long survival, some patients experience histological transformation to aggressive large B-cell lymphoma. Population-based long-term data on the transformation of MZL is limited.

Transformation and outcome of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: a Finnish Nationwide population-based study.

Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a rare B-cell malignancy associated with excellent survival. However, some patients experience histological transformation into aggressive large B-cell lymphoma. Population-based data on transformation in patients with NLPHL is limited.

Analytic description of anomalous diffusion in heterogeneous environments: Fokker-Planck equation without fractional derivatives.

This article presents a one-dimensional model of diffusion in a heterogeneous environment, which qualitatively reflects the transport properties of a polymeric membrane with carbon nanotube areas. We derive the Fokker-Planck equation from a system of stochastic equations using a diffusion regime in polymers and a ballistic diffusion regime in nanotube areas. We demonstrate how the probability density function changes in the presence of nanotubes.

Effect of porosity on the statistical amplitude distribution of backscattered ultrasonic pulses in particulate reinforced metal-matrix composites.

This work aims at studying the effect of porosity in particulate reinforced metal-matrix composites on the statistical amplitude distribution of backscattered laser-induced ultrasonic pulses in these composites. A special laser-ultrasonic transducer used in experiments combines laser excitation and piezoelectric detection of broadband ultrasonic pulses in composite specimens with only one plane surface available for laser irradiation. We studied stir cast hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy A336 matrix composites reinforced with the SiC micro particles (volume fractions of 0.

Laser-ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of porosity in particulate reinforced metal-matrix composites.

In this work, we propose the laser-ultrasonic method for nondestructive evaluation of porosity in particulate reinforced metal-matrix composites fabricated by stir and in-situ reactive casting techniques. The method is based on the influence of porosity on dispersion of the phase velocity of longitudinal acoustic waves, which is measured by the broadband acoustic spectroscopy with laser excitation of ultrasound (laser-ultrasonic spectroscopy). We studied stir cast hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy A336 matrix composites reinforced with the SiC micro particles (3.

[Prevention of acute enteric infections and viral hepatitis A in the Krasnodar Territory appearing in connection with a natural disaster in 2002].

Materials on the sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Krasnodar Territory in connection with emergency situations (intensive snowfalls, heavy showers, high floods) in 2002 are presented. The scope of the destruction of the systems ensuring the life provision of the population in the affected regions of the territory is shown. To carry out the epidemiological surveillance on acute enteric infections, to make corrections of the planned prophylactic measures, as well as the timely solutions of problems connected with controlling the epidemiological situation, the daily monitoring of the level and dynamics of infectious morbidity in individual settlements among different age and professional groups, as well as the foci of infections, was established.

[Features of leptospirosis in the Krasnodar Territory].

The data on leptospirosis morbidity in the Krasnodar Territory, one of the most epidemiologically unsafe areas in this infectious disease in the Russian Federation, are presented. High morbidity registered in this territory greatly depends on the epidemic outbreaks appearing due to defects in the realization of a complex of sanitary and veterinary measures. The Krasnodar Territory is liable to be affected by natural calamities.

[Leptospirosis in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation].

The retrospective and operative epidemiological analysis of leptospirosis morbidity on the administrative territories of the Southern Federal District during the period of 1990-2002 was carried out. The dynamics and tendencies of morbidity in individual administrative units of the region were shown. Materials on the negative influence of the emergency situation arising in the region as the result of the natural calamity in summer 2002 were presented.

[Epidemiology and epizootiology of rabies in Krasnodar region].

In 1995-1999 the aggravation of the epidemiological situation in rabies took place in the Krasnodar Territory. In the region of Great Sochi this was due to the emergency situation (armed conflict) on the adjoining territory (in Abkhazia), which led to the migration of domestic animals, turning wild, to the Black Sea coast where the situation with this infection had earlier been favorable. In 1995-1997 on the territory of Great Sochi 4 persons died of rabies as a consequence of getting dog bites and then failing to apply for medical assistance.

[Causes of leptospirosis morbidity in Krasnodar region].

The situation in leptospirosis morbidity in the Krasnodar Territory has been analyzed. The tendency towards a decrease in the number of water outbreaks and a growth in the number of sporadic cases has been noted. Antibodies to Leptospira ictrohaemorrhagiae, whose natural carriers are gray rats, are most often detected in the blood of patients.

[Pseudotuberculosis in the Krasnodar Territory. The clinico-epidemiological characteristics of its morbidity and the biological properties of its strains].

Group cases of pseudotuberculosis, first registered at health-restoring institutions of the health resort of Gelendzhik (the Krasnodar Territory), are described. The etiology of these cases of the disease was established on the basis of clinico-epidemiological data, specific seroconversion in 66% of the examined patients and the isolation of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains from the feces of four patients. The combination of signs observed in the isolated strains, viz.

[Experience with using extremely high frequency radiotherapy of the millimeter wave range in cerebrovascular disorders].

Vascular diseases of the brain (functional transient and ischemic apoplexy, circulatory encephalopathy) in 79 patients were treated by UHF electromagnetic field of millimetric wave range. 14 patients entered the control group. The treatment results are indicative of clear-cut trend to a decrease of arterial pressure, normalization of blood glucose level, arrest of DIC syndrome development.

[The organization of an epidemiological surveillance of HIV infection in Krasnodar Territory].

For the first time a case of AIDS was detected in the Krasnodar Territory of the USSR, and the presence of HIV infection in homosexuals, foreign students, and promiscuous persons was established. To study the spread of HIV infection, 5 diagnostic laboratories were created and 5 routes for the transportation of sera were organized. This permitted the screening of the population in 1988 with the complete coverage of groups to be placed under surveillance.

[Status of trigeminal neuralgia and its pathogenetic therapy].

As many as 12 patients with the trigeminal algic status, the most severe manifestation of a trigeminal neuralgia exacerbation, were examined. Along with the grave painful syndrome, the patients demonstrated marked vegetovascular disorders, macro- and microcirculatory abnormalities, and hemostatic disorders (the DIC syndrome). For intensive therapy of the condition the authors recommend the use of carbamazepine derivatives, GABA-containing drugs, neuroleptics, antihistamine agents, drugs that improve microcirculation, followed by transcutaneous electric stimulation, allowing the removal of the painful syndrome.

[Methodological approach to the evaluation of current sanitary conditions of water reservoirs in rural regions].

It is demonstrated that an increasing impact of anthropogenic factors becomes characteristic of the modern sanitary state of water reservoirs in rural areas. Priority indices of water quality in rural water reservoirs are proposed. Proceeding from the data thus obtained there is recommended a set of water-protective measures aimed at raising safety of water management conditions.