[Causes of fatal outcome in acute appendicitis].

For the last 10 years, 97,542 patients were operated on for acute appendicitis, 132 (0.14%) died. Complications of purulent infection (peritonitis, intraabdominal abscesses) and its sequelae (acute commissural ileus, intestinal fistulas) conditioned by late hospitalization were the main cause of lethal outcomes.

[A method of questionnaire sampling of patients in assessing the late results of selective proximal and truncal vagotomies].

An analysis of questionnaires distributed among 243 patients with a history of selective and truncal vagotomy for duodenal ulcer indicates that questionnaires are an effective method of detecting late postoperative complications. An analysis of results of surgical treatment of these patients revealed a more favourable course of the late postoperative period after selective proximal vagotomy and gastric drainage procedure.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

Of 596 patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding, it developed from the gastric and duodenal, and peptic anastomotic ulcer in 382 (64.1%). The authors consider, that at every regional centre, it is expedient to hospitalize the patients with gastrointestinal bleeding in a single surgical unit, equipped with the endoscopic apparatus and all the necessary facilities for giving emergency surgical aid.

[Effect of bile and bile acids on bacterial resistance to antibiotics].

The combined effect of bile acids and antibiotics on the moderately sensitive and resistant staphylococcal strains was studied. 10 staphylococcal cultures isolated from patients with different pyo-inflammatory diseases were tested for their sensitivity to 5 antibiotics (benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, kanamycin and chlortetracycline). 9 of them were moderately sensitive to the drugs.

[Bacteriostatic and bactericidal action of bile acids and antibiotics on staphylococci].

It was found in vitro that desoxycholic, cholic, glycocholic and choleinic acids inhibited the growth and development of staphylococci. The staphylococci isolated from bile were more resistant to the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect of bile acids than the microorganisms isolated from other sources not containing cholates. Under the effect of these substances the activity of some antibiotics especially those from the group of aminoglycosides markedly increased.

[Combined action of benzylpenicillin and bile acids on staphylococci].

The antimicrobial effect of benzylpenicillin in combination with bile acids on staphylococci was studied. It was shown that bile acids increased the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of the antibiotic. The highest potentiating effect was found with combination of benzylpenicillin and desoxycholic and choleic acids.