Determination of Factors Associated with Upstage in Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia to Identify Low-Risk Patients Where Active Surveillance May be an Alternative.

Background: Excision is routinely recommended for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) found on core biopsy given cancer upstage rates of near 20%. Identifying a cohort at low-risk for upstage may avoid low-value surgery. Objectives were to elucidate factors predictive of upstage in ADH, specifically near-complete core sampling, to potentially define a group at low upstage risk.

Assessing the effectiveness of artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regressions (MLR) in forcasting AQI and PM10 and evaluating health impacts through AirQ+ (case study: Tehran).

Air pollution is one of the major concerns for the population and the environment due to its hazardous effects. PM has affected significant scientific and regulatory interest because of its strong correlation with chronic health such as respiratory illnesses, lung cancer, and asthma. Forcasting air quality and assessing the health impacts of the air pollutants like particulate matter is crucial for protecting public health.

Comparing efficacy and safety of P013, a proposed pertuzumab biosimilar, with the reference product in HER2-positive breast cancer patients: a randomized, phase III, equivalency clinical trial.

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading reason for cancer-related death among women. Neoadjuvant treatment with dual-HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) blockade has shown promising effects in this regard. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of a proposed pertuzumab biosimilar with the reference pertuzumab.

A randomized, double-blind, phase III, non-inferiority clinical trial comparing the efficacy and safety of TA4415V (a proposed Trastuzumab biosimilar) and Herceptin (Trastuzumab reference product) in HER2-positive early-stage breast Cancer patients.

Background: This study compared efficacy and safety of TA4415V, a trastuzumab biosimilar, with reference trastuzumab in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) early-stage breast cancer treated in the neoadjuvant setting in Iran.

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to receive neoadjuvant TA4415V or reference trastuzumab concurrently with docetaxel (TH phase) for 4 cycles after treatment with 4 cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC phase). Chemotherapy was followed by surgery.

The Voronoi theory of the normal liver lobular architecture and its applicability in hepatic zonation.

The precise characterization of the lobular architecture of the liver has been subject of investigation since the earliest historical publications, but an accurate model to describe the hepatic lobular microanatomy is yet to be proposed. Our aim was to evaluate whether Voronoi diagrams can be used to describe the classic liver lobular architecture. We examined the histology of normal porcine and human livers and analyzed the geometric relationships of various microanatomic structures utilizing digital tools.

Does diagnostic mammography need to be a routine component of the initial evaluation of a breast symptom in women 30-39 years of age?

Diagnostic mammography is routinely ordered, along with targeted breast ultrasound, to evaluate breast symptoms in women 30-39 years of age. However, in this age group, mammography is often limited by breast density and the probability of detecting an occult malignancy is low. We sought to evaluate whether diagnostic mammography detected any new incidental malignancies in women aged 30-39 years presenting with focal breast symptoms.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in Breast Implant Capsules.

Breast augmentation and reconstruction utilizing implants are among the most common plastic surgery procedures performed in the United States. A small proportion of these implants are removed each year. We report 2 cases where routine pathologic evaluation of capsulectomy specimens revealed squamous cell carcinoma associated with the breast implant capsule and discuss the possible pathogenesis of this unusual entity.

β-radiating radionuclides in cancer treatment, novel insight into promising approach.

Targeted radionuclide therapy, known as molecular radiotherapy is a novel therapeutic module in cancer medicine. β-radiating radionuclides have definite impact on target cells via interference in cell cycle and particular signalings that can lead to tumor regression with minimal off-target effects on the surrounding tissues. Radionuclides play a remarkable role not only in apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest, but also in the amelioration of other characteristics of cancer cells.

Corrected QT Interval Prolongations in Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome.

The presence of different risk groups among patients with the non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome indicates the need for new tools to establish early diagnoses and prognostic stratifications. The role of prolonged corrected QT (QTc) intervals in myocardial ischemia has yet to be thoroughly assessed. The purpose of our study was to assess the significance of QTc prolongations during acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or unstable angina.

Utility of short-interval follow-up mammography after a benign-concordant stereotactic breast biopsy result.

Background: There is currently no clear consensus recommendation for the use of short-interval follow-up mammography after a benign-concordant breast biopsy (BCBB), and practice patterns vary widely. The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether a short-interval follow-up mammogram provided clinical utility after stereotactic BCBB and to examine the costs associated with this surveillance strategy.

Methods: A retrospective review of women who underwent a stereotactic breast biopsy yielding benign-concordant results between January 2005 and October 2014 was performed to evaluate findings on subsequent imaging, to calculate compliance with recommended short-interval imaging, and to examine whether subsequent imaging revealed an abnormality at the site of the initial stereotactic BCBB.

Comparison the Pain Relief of Amitriptyline Mouthwash with Benzydamine in Oral Mucositis.

Statement Of The Problem: A significant proportion of patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy suffer from mucositis. The first symptom of oral mucositis is pain. Severe pain, burning sensation, and discomfort in the oral cavity make it difficult to continue treatment and even continue living in these patients.

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast.

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast is a rare malignancy, with fewer than 20 cases documented in the literature. Given the paucity of reported cases, there is limited information available to guide the diagnosis and management of patients with this tumor. We present a case of a 39-year-old woman with a palpable right breast mass that was initially diagnosed by core needle biopsy as infiltrating carcinoma with prominent lymphoplasmacytic stroma.

Phase 2 study of a high dose of 186Re-HEDP for bone pain palliation in patients with widespread skeletal metastases.

Unlabelled: (186)Re-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) is an attractive radiopharmaceutical for the treatment of bone pain arising from skeletal metastatic lesions. Currently, (186)Re-HEDP is most commonly used in European countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the palliative efficacy and adverse effects of (186)Re-HEDP in patients with different types of cancers and skeletal bone pain.

Focal neuropathies following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)--preliminary study.

Introduction: Postoperative neurological complications in pelvic and renal surgery are a well-known clinical problem and their morbidities are important. We designed this study to determine prevalence and risk factors of such complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) surgery.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed during February and July 2011 on 68 PCNL cases.

Quality of life and mood state in Iranian women post mastectomy.

This study was conducted to examine mood state and quality of life (QOL) in patients who had undergone a mastectomy. The study used a descriptive design and was conducted in outpatient oncology clinics in northeastern Iran. Using the Profile of Mood States and the Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index, the mood state and QOL of patients who had undergone a mastectomy were examined.

Development of a cost-effective torsional unit for rodent long bone assessment.

Thorough mechanical testing of rodent bones requires an understanding of bone behavior in a variety of loading modes including tension, compression, bending and shear. While these tests are easily conducted with single axis mechanical testing machines, it may also be desirable to determine torsional properties of bone. Although higher-end materials testing machines will enable torsional and/or rotational testing, simpler, less expensive systems rarely offer these capabilities.

Neuroimaging of tuberous sclerosis: spectrum of pathologic findings and frontiers in imaging.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to present neuroimaging findings in tuberous sclerosis complex, including recently developed imaging techniques that have demonstrated clinical benefit to this patient population.

Conclusion: Neuroimaging advances have improved the diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex and the treatment of children with this condition. Superimposition of functional information from PET onto MRI allows accurate and noninvasive identification of epileptogenic tubers, improving surgical cure rates.

Multifocal scalp hair loss.

Cutaneous metastases from internal cancer are relatively uncommon in clinical practice, but they are very important to recognize. Metastases of skin may be a herald sign in the diagnosis of internal malignancy. Scalp metastasis from breast carcinoma is reported but it is rare.

A modified CT severity index for evaluating acute pancreatitis: improved correlation with patient outcome.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the correlation with patient outcome and interobserver variability of a modified CT severity index in the evaluation of patients with acute pancreatitis compared with the currently accepted CT severity index.

Materials And Methods: Of 266 consecutive patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis during a 1-year period, 66 underwent contrast-enhanced MDCT within 1 week of the onset of symptoms. Three radiologists who were blinded to patient outcome independently scored the severity of the pancreatitis using both the currently accepted and modified CT severity indexes.