Trigonelline-loaded chitosan nanoparticles prompted antitumor activity on glioma cells and biocompatibility with pheochromocytoma cells.

Trigonelline-loaded water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles (Trigo-WSCS NPs) were prepared for the treatment of glioblastoma (targeting C6 glioma cells) and also evaluated its biocompatibility with rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells). WSCS-Trigo NPs characteristics were determined using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, FTIR, XRD, TEM, DLS, and Zeta potential. Trigo-WSCS NPs were noted to have a spherical shape, with an average size of 356 nm.

Fungal chitosan based nanocomposites sponges-An alternative medicine for wound dressing.

The porous structured and cell proliferative biodegradable fungal chitosan (FCS) based composites with potential antibacterial property was prepared with Aloe vera extract (ALE) and the plant Cuscuta reflexa mediated biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (CUS-AgNPS) were developed for wound dressing applications by freeze drying method. Fungal chitosan was derived from Cunninghamella elegans a species belongs the family of Zygomycetes. The CUS-AgNPS were characterized by the UV-vis spectrum, XRD and SEM.

Luminescent Silver-Purine Double Helicate: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Antibacterial Action.

The synthesis, self-assembly and antibacterial activity of a luminescent silver-purine double helicate is reported. The structure of the newly synthesized silver-supported helicate [C H N O Cl Ag ] was unambiguously characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. It exhibited a bright bluish-green emission (λ =460 nm), when excited with 380 nm light.

Luminescent Silver-Purine Double Helicate: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Antibacterial Action.

Invited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Sandeep Verma from the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India. The cover picture shows the release of silver ions from silver-purine double helicate assembly that exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, E.

Phytosynthesized gold nanoparticles from C. roxburghii DC. leaf and their toxic effects on normal and cancer cell lines.

Gold nanoparticles are considered of great importance compared to other noble metal nanoparticles and its wide range of applications like pharmaceutics, therapeutics and diagnostics etc. During the past decade, phytosynthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are more focused in in vitro and in vivo study. The present study was focused on the gold chloride and phytosynthesized gold nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of Cassia roxburghii and their toxic effects on African green monkey normal kidney Vero cell line and three different cancer cell lines such as HepG2, MCF7 and HeLa.

Phytogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles, optimization and evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity against human and plant pathogens.

An attempt was made to synthesis of biocompatible silver nanoparticles from ten different Cassia spp. Among them, Cassia roxburghii aqueous leaf extract supported the synthesis of highly efficient and stable AgNPs. The synthesis of AgNPs was optimized at different physico-chemical condition and highly stable AgNPs were synthesized with 1.

Mycosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles: Optimization, characterization and antimicrobial activity against human pathogens.

This study was aimed to isolate soil fungi from Kolli and Yercaud Hills, South India with the ultimate objective of producing antimicrobial nanoparticles. Among 65 fungi tested, the isolate, Bios PTK 6 extracellularly synthesized both silver and gold nanoparticles with good monodispersity. Under optimized reaction conditions, the strain Bios PTK 6 identified as Aspergillus terreus has produced extremely stable nanoparticles within 12h.

Biosynthesis characterization of silver nanoparticles using Cassia roxburghii DC. aqueous extract, and coated on cotton cloth for effective antibacterial activity.

The present study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from silver precursor using a plant biomaterial, Cassia roxburghii DC., aqueous extract. The AgNPs were synthesized from the shade-dried leaf extract and assessed for their stability; they elucidated characteristics under UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

Structural characterization, antioxidant and in vitro cytotoxic properties of seagrass, Cymodocea serrulata (R.Br.) Asch. & Magnus mediated silver nanoparticles.

The present study pertains to the synthesis, structural elucidation, antioxidant and in vitro cytotoxic properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from marine angiosperm, Cymodocea serrulata aqueous extract (CSAE). The characterization was made through UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), zeta potential and dynamic light scanning (DLS) analyses. The UV-Vis spectrum resulted in a strong surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at 430 nm.

Exploitation of endophytic fungus, Guignardia mangiferae for extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their in vitro biological activities.

The aim of this study was to synthesize highly biocompatible and functionalized silver nanoparticles using endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of medicinal plants. Among 13 fungi tested, the isolate, Guignardia mangiferae (Bios PTK 4) extracellularly synthesized well-dispersed and extremely stable silver nanoparticles under optimized reaction conditions within 12 h. These nanoparticles were characterized by HR-TEM, SAED, XRD and EDX analyses.

A comparative study on biologically and chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles induced Heat Shock Proteins on fresh water fish Oreochromis niloticus.

The wide applicability of silver nanoparticles in medicine and pharmaceutical industries leads to its over exploitation and thus contaminating our environment. Majority of these nanoscale dimension particles finally accumulates in fresh water and marine ecosystem. As the nanoparticles behave entirely different from its corresponding bulk material, a better understanding of their environmental impacts in aquatic ecosystems is inevitable.

Production, optimization and characterization of fibrinolytic enzyme by Bacillus subtilis RJAS19.

The present study aimed at the production, purification and characterization of fibrinolytic nattokinase enzyme from the bacteria isolated from natto food. For the purpose, a fibrinolytic bacterium was isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The strain was employed for the production and optimization of fibrinolytic enzyme.

'Green' biocompatible organic-inorganic hybrid electrospun nanofibers for potential biomedical applications.

Gold nanoparticles were prepared by green route using Couroupita guianensis leaves extract. The green synthesized gold nanoparticles exhibited maximum absorbance at 526 nm in the ultraviolet spectrum. By incorporating the green synthesized gold nanoparticles in poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix, unique green organic-inorganic hybrid nanofibers (poly (vinyl alcohol : )-gold nanoparticles) were developed by electrospinning.

Linn: Biogenic synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles and their cytotoxic effects against MDA-MB-231, human breast cancer cells.

This study reports the cytotoxic effect of biologically synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles against MDA-MB-231, human breast cancer cells. Formation of silver and gold nanoparticles was observed within 30 min and the various characterization techniques such as UV-vis spectrophotometer, FE-SEM, TEM and XRD studies were confirmed the synthesis of nanoparticles. Further, MTT, acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining, caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation assays were carried out using various concentrations of silver and gold nanoparticles ranging from 1 to 100 μg/ml.

Biogenic nanosilver incorporated reverse osmosis membrane for antibacterial and antifungal activities against selected pathogenic strains: an enhanced eco-friendly water disinfection approach.

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been used extensively in water desalination plants, waste water treatment in industries, agricultural farms and drinking water production applications. The objective of this work is to impart antibacterial and antifungal activities to commercially available RO membrane used in water purification systems by incorporating biogenic silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) synthesized using Rosa indica wichuriana hybrid leaf extract. The morphology and surface topography of uncoated and AgNPs-coated RO membrane were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).

Ecotoxicity of nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology is a science of producing and utilizing nanosized particles that are measured in nanometers. The unique size-dependent properties make the nanoparticles superior and indispensable as they show unusual physical, chemical, and properties such as conductivity, heat transfer, melting temperature, optical properties, and magnetization. Taking the advantages of these singular properties in order to develop new products is the main purpose of nanotechnology, and that is why it is regarded as "the next industrial revolution.

Augmentation of PCR efficiency using highly thermostable gold nanoparticles synthesized from a thermophilic bacterium, Geobacillus stearothermophilus.

Biogenic gold nanoparticles were synthesized from the Geobacillus stearothermophilus cell-free extract. These nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, and XRD. The gold nanoparticles showed an absorption maximum at 522 nm.

Inactivation of microbial infectiousness by silver nanoparticles-coated condom: a new approach to inhibit HIV- and HSV-transmitted infection.

Recent research suggests that today's condoms are only 85% effective in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases. In response, there has been a push to develop more effective ways of decreasing the spread of the disease. The new nanotechnology-based condom holds the promise of being more potent than the first-generation products.

Optimization for rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its effect on phytopathogenic fungi.

In this present study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by green chemistry approach using Acalypha indica leaf extract as reducing agents. The reaction medium employed in the synthesis process was optimized to attain better yield, controlled size and stability. Further, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were conformed through UV-vis spectrum, XRD and HR-TEM analyses.

Biosynthesis of anisotropic gold nanoparticles using Maduca longifolia extract and their potential in infrared absorption.

Metal nanoparticles, in general, and gold nanoparticles, in particular, are very attractive because of their size- and shape-dependent properties. Biosynthesis of anisotropic gold nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Madhuca longifolia and their potential as IR blockers has been demonstrated. The tyrosine residue was identified as the active functional group for gold ion reduction.

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Acalypha indica leaf extracts and its antibacterial activity against water borne pathogens.

In the present study, biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and its activity on water borne bacterial pathogens were investigated. Silver nanoparticles were rapidly synthesized using leaf extract of Acalypha indica and the formation of nanoparticles was observed within 30min. The results recorded from UV-vis spectrum, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) support the biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles.

Blue orange light emission from biogenic synthesized silver nanoparticles using Trichoderma viride.

Recent advances in nanomaterial have produced a new class of fluorescence labels by conjugating noble metal with biomolecules. The nanometer size metal conjugates are water soluble, biocompatible and provide important advantage over the fluorescence dyes. In this regard we synthesized silver nanoparticles at the size of 2-4 nm using biological route and studied fluorescence property of these nanoparticles.

Fungal based synthesis of silver nanoparticles--an effect of temperature on the size of particles.

A simple and effective approach to aqueous based biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was demonstrated and the effect of temperature on controlling size of silver nanoparticles was studied. The morphology and uniformity of silver nanoparticles were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and HrTEM. The functional group of protein molecule was identified using FTIR.

Mycobased synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their incorporation into sodium alginate films for vegetable and fruit preservation.

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Trichoderma viride and their incorporation into sodium alginate for vegetable and fruit preservation has been demonstrated in this study. Aqueous silver (Ag(+)) ions when exposed to the filtrate of T. viride are reduced in solution.

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their synergistic effect with antibiotics: a study against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Unlabelled: The development of a reliable green chemistry process for the biogenic synthesis of nanomaterials is an important aspect of current nanotechnology research. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been known for their inhibitory and bactericidal effect. Resistance to antimicrobial agents by pathogenic bacteria has emerged in recent years and is a major challenge for the health care industry.