[Ten years of endovenous ablation - achievements, failures and future].

Endovenous ablation of varicose veins is a very frequent treatment method which has more or less replaced the classic stripping method. It has its limitations, advantages as well as disadvantages. The authors present a summarizing article and their own experience with these methods.

The anatomical relationship between the saphenous nerve and the great saphenous vein.

Objective: Damage to the saphenous nerve (SN) has been a known complication during varicose vein surgeries. We tested whether a better knowledge of the anatomy of the SN and the great saphenous vein (GSV) can prevent such damage.

Methods: We conducted a morphological and histological examination on 86 limbs from 43 cadavers in order to analyse the anatomical interrelation between the SN and the GSV in the lower leg and we also measured the distance between the nerve and the vein in a sample of 42 sections from three parts of the lower leg.

[Buried bumper syndrome (BBS) as a complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy].

"Buried bumper syndrome" is a less frequent but potentially serious complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. We present case reports of two patients in whom buried bumper syndrome was diagnosed by means of X-ray examination and endoscopic examination. In both cases the original gastrostomy was surgically removed and classical gastrostomy was performed.

[Rare tumors of the gallbladder and bile ducts. A case review].

The authors deal with the problem of benigh tumours of the bile duct which might occur as a very suprising intraoperative finding instead of preoperatively diagnosed "gallstones". This situation can happen because of possible mistakes that might accompany today's modern practical investigative techniques. The presented report is an example of the pre-operatirely assumed choledocholithiasis which was not confirmed during the operation.

[Neurogenous cervical tumors].

The authors describe a case of the patient with collapse condition where there were some investigations made which excluded any internal cause. There was a neck infiltration found out during the post-examination, the lymfadenopatia was set down as the pre-diagnosis. After the preparation and the extirpation of the resistance the schwannom was approved via the histological examination.

Laser-tissue interaction in endovenous laser treatment.

The authors present the results of recorded changes in the endothelium in rabbit's veins following photocoagulation by laser diode. This study concentrates mainly on the detailed description of individual changes in the rabbit's venous system in the area of pelvis following laser therapy. The aim of our experiments was to reach the obliteration of rabbits' lateral saphenous vein using 980 nm laser diode with 200 micron fibre.

[Analysis of surgical procedures on the vena saphena magna in the Czech Republic and an effect of Detralex during its stripping].

The aim of this clinical study was to compare the degree of postoperative pain (VAS--10 cm, quality of life questionnaire CIVIQ and patient diary) between two groups of patients: patients treated with Detralex 14 days before and 14 days after the stripping of greater saphenous vein (GSV) and patients not treated with Detralex. In addition, the two groups were also compared for the incidence of symptoms associated with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) (using the VAS scale: edema, tired and heavy legs, cramps, itching sensation), size of hematoma, use of analgesics and overall efficacy of the treatment. Clinical study included 181 patients from 15 medical centers throughout the Czech Republic.

Venous thrombosis in the surgical department.

Currently, there are no standardized guidelines aimed to the prevention of DVT. Thus we recommend the introduction of a standardized scoring system that would ensure the effective prevention of DVT. (Tab.

[An unusual contraindication for vascular reconstruction--case report].

The authors report on an unusual cause of interruption of a planned vascular operation. The authors detected an anomalous biliary duct at the beginning of the vascular reconstruction operation. This duct was situated between the peritoneum and the abdominal fascia, and was unintentionally opened during the operation.

[Peritonism].

The authors discuss clinic symptoms, reminding of acute abdomen, which called peritonism. Two patients admitted and treated at the 1st Department of Surgery are presented. These patients meet the criteria of the category of peritonism.