Impact of home-based exercise on residual kidney function in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis: A feasibility multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although the impact of aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance training (RT) on peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is well established, the impact of exercise programs on residual kidney function (RKF) has not been elucidated.

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to either the exercise (= 25) or control groups (= 30). Patients in the exercise group performed AE three times a week and RT twice a week at home for 24 weeks.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Acute Stroke Rehabilitation in Japanese Primary Stroke Centers: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Using a Web-Based Questionnaire Survey.

Introduction: Acute stroke rehabilitation is crucial for achieving good functional recovery, even during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to clarify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute stroke rehabilitation and identify which components in the acute stroke rehabilitation provision system were susceptible to the pandemic.

Methods: A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted in all primary stroke centers (PSCs) in Japan between February 7 and April 21, 2022.

Evidence and Recommendations for Acute Stroke Rehabilitation from the Japan Stroke Society: Abridged Secondary Publication of the Japanese-language Version.

Objectives: In Japan, acute stroke rehabilitation has been expanding more steadily than previously with the nationwide establishment of primary stroke centers. However, Japan previously had no established guidelines for the rehabilitation. Consequently, rehabilitation programs and the provision systems for acute stroke varied among the facilities.

Association between Caregivers' Fear of Post-fracture Patients Falling and a Decline in Patients' Activities.

Objectives: To evaluate caregivers' fear of post-fracture patients falling, we previously developed the Caregivers' Fear of Falling Index (CFFI). In this study, we investigated the relationship between patient performance in activities of daily living (ADLs) and CFFI.

Methods: We surveyed 55 patients receiving home-visit rehabilitation after fall-related fracture and their primary caregivers.

A nationwide survey for the provision of acute stroke rehabilitation in Japan: initial dose and weekend/holiday rehabilitation.

Objectives: The early initiation of acute stroke rehabilitation with a sufficient dose, including at weekends/holidays, is important to improve functional outcome. We investigated the status of acute stroke rehabilitation in Japan by using a nationwide survey.

Materials And Methods: Facility features, rehabilitation dose provided in the first week in each stroke subtype, and weekend/holiday rehabilitation were investigated by using the results of a web-based survey among primary stroke centers.

Addition of the nutrition factor enhances the cancer prehabilitation program design for colorectal cancer patients: a multi-center cohort study.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the interrelationship between different baseline functional capacity items, and their relationship with postoperative course in colorectal cancer patients. [Participants and Methods] This was a three-institution cohort study that included 127 patients scheduled for elective colorectal cancer surgery. Baseline functional capacity was evaluated using skeletal muscle index (SMI), six-minute walk test (6MWT), serum-albumin (Alb), vitality, and mental health before surgery.

Deterioration of Cough, Respiratory, and Vocal Cord Functions in Patients with Multiple System Atrophy.

The purpose of this study was to clarify changes in cough function in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Seventeen probable patients with MSA were studied. Peak cough flow (PCF), respiratory function (percentage of vital capacity, percentage of forced vital capacity, and percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume in one second), respiratory muscle strength (percentage of maximal inspiratory mouth pressure and percentage of maximal expiratory mouth pressure), and maximum phonation time (MPT) were assessed.

Effects of Rehabilitative Intervention for Augmenting Cough Function in Patients with Multiple System Atrophy.

Objectives: One of the causes of death in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) is aspiration pneumonia caused by cough dysfunction. This study aimed to identify an effective approach to improve coughing and to explore the establishment of criteria for the use of gastrostomy based on cough and respiratory dysfunctions.

Methods: Eighteen probable MSA patients participated in the study.

Reliability and Validity of Caregivers' Fear of Falling Index When Caring for Home-Based Rehabilitation Patients With Fall-Related Fractures.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of this new measure, called the caregivers' fear of falling index (CFFI).

Methods: The study surveyed home-based rehabilitation patients with fall-related fracture, and their primary caregivers. The characteristics of these patients were evaluated, and the caregivers were surveyed using the CFFI and Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I).

Timing of Initiation of Acute Stroke Rehabilitation and Management Corresponding to Complications at Primary Stroke Centers in Japan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Web-Based Questionnaire Survey.

Introduction: Many guidelines now recommend early rehabilitation for acute stroke patients. However, evidence remains lacking regarding the specific timings for initiation of various rehabilitation steps and management when complications are encountered in acute stroke rehabilitation. This survey aimed to investigate actual clinical situations in acute stroke rehabilitation in Japan and to improve the medical systems for rehabilitation and plan further studies.

Walking capacity of Japanese patients with colorectal cancer relates to early postoperative health-related quality of life: a multi-center cohort study.

Purpose: This study investigated the impact of surgical treatment on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of Japanese patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: This three-institution cohort study included 106 Japanese patients with CRC (69 men; mean age: 62.6 ± 12.

Proposal of index to evaluate caregivers' fear of care recipient falls.

This study aimed to identify evaluation items that can be used to create an index to evaluate caregivers' fear of care recipient falls. A three-round Delphi method was conducted with medical professionals engaged in discharge support for patients with fall-related fractures. In the first round, a working group brainstormed evaluation items.

Changes of cortico-cortical neural connections associated with motor functional recovery after stroke.

Objectives: During functional recovery after stroke, some neural connections in the brain are augmented and new neural networks are constructed to compensate for impaired neurological functions. Recently, it was reported that the extent of cortico-cortical neural connections can be estimated by correlation analysis based on electroencephalography (EEG). The purpose of this study was to investigate changes of correlation coefficients in the cerebral cortex with motor functional recovery after stroke.

Factors that affect early postoperative health-related quality of life in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a three-center cohort study.

[Purpose] In this study, we investigated the preoperative and early postoperative health-related quality of life in patients who underwent surgical treatment for gastrointestinal cancer and also the factors that affect postoperative health-related quality of life. [Participants and Methods] The study included 198 patients who underwent elective surgery for gastrointestinal cancer (129 males and 69 females, age: 65.4 ± 11.

Japan Stroke Society Guideline 2021 for the Treatment of Stroke.

The revised Japan Stroke Society Guidelines for the Treatment of Stroke were published in Japanese in July 2021. In this article, the extracted recommendation statements are published. The revision keeps pace with the great progress in stroke control based on the recently enacted Basic Act on Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease in Japan.

Preoperative Walking Capacity Indirectly Relates to Decreased Postoperative Complications in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Objectives: Postoperative complications (PCs) in patients with gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) lead to reduced lifespan and poor quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between preoperative exercise-related factors, together with other contributory factors, and the frequency of PCs in patients with GIC.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, three-institution study.

Minimal clinically important difference in postoperative recovery among patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Purpose: The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) based on patient-reported outcomes is the smallest outcome change sufficiently significant to influence management and is crucial to the design and interpretation of comparative effectiveness trials. The purpose of this study was to estimate the MCID for postoperative recovery metrics in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Methods: This was a three-institutional cohort study.

Does pre-operative physical rehabilitation improve the functional outcomes of patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery?

[Purpose] This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pre-operative physical rehabilitation on the postoperative course of the patients with gastrointestinal cancer undergoing surgery. [Participants and Methods] A rehabilitation physician examined and educated 33 patients (42% of whom were male with a mean age of 65.2 ± 10.

Preoperative Improvement in Physical Function by Comprehensive Rehabilitation Leads to Decreased Postoperative Complications in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate how baseline laboratory data and changes in physical function due to preoperative rehabilitation training in gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) patients can influence the frequency of postoperative complications (PCs).

Methods: We enrolled 45 patients who were scheduled for elective surgery for GIC (27 men and 18 women, mean age 63.6±9.

Utility of the ability for basic movement scale II as a prediction method of ambulation ability in patients after the hip fracture surgery.

Background: This study was to investigate whether the Ability for Basic Movement Scale II (ABMS II) at admission of the convalescent rehabilitation ward (CRW) could predict the ambulation ability in patients after hip fracture surgery.

Methods: The data of the ABMS II and Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) of 118 postsurgical patients with hip fracture who were transferred to the CRW were retrospectively analyzed (mean age 82.7 ± 7.

[Future directions of stroke rehabilitation].

Recently, in the field of stroke rehabilitation, some novel concepts and therapeutic interventions have been proposed. It seems that earlier mobilization for acute stroke patients could lead to better functional outcome. In addition, neural plasticity during acute phase of stroke is enhanced, which means that this phase of stroke could be the period when the patients are likely to respond to rehabilitation training.

The Ability for Basic Movement Scale II Can Predict Functional Outcome and Discharge Destination in Stroke Patients.

Objectives: This study aims to identify whether the Ability for Basic Movement Scale II (ABMS II) at admission would predict the functional status and discharge destination in convalescent stroke patients.

Methods: Ninety-four stroke patients admitted to convalescent rehabilitation ward were investigated. Their functions were evaluated by the ABMS II and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at admission, FIM and Functional Ambulation Category at discharge.

Is the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation influenced by baseline severity of fatigue symptom in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis.

Recently, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been therapeutically applied for patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME). However, it is still unclear which clinical factors could influence the efficacy of rTMS for ME patients. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether baseline severity of fatigue symptom would influence the efficacy of rTMS applied for ME patients.

Clinical Impact of the Introduction of an Early Rehabilitation Protocol on Infectious Complications in Patients after Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery.

Background: The clinical importance of postoperative rehabilitation for cancer patients has recently attracted much attention. However, it remains uncertain whether early rehabilitation can prevent infectious complications in patients undergoing gastrointestinal cancer surgery.

Methods: The study group consisted of 259 patients who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery for gastrointestinal cancer at our institution between December 2012 and November 2016.