Post-hoc analysis of the tofogliflozin post-marketing surveillance study (J-STEP/LT): Tofogliflozin improves liver function in type 2 diabetes patients regardless of BMI.

Aims/introduction: Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of developing steatotic liver disease (SLD). Weight loss has proven effective in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in obese patients with type 2 diabetes, with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors showing promising results. However, lean MASLD is more prevalent in Japan, necessitating alternative approaches to body weight reduction.

Continuous Treatment with Tofacitinib but Not Filgotinib Is Effective in Non-Responders with Active Ulcerative Colitis: A Propensity Score-Matching Analysis.

Few studies have compared the efficacy and safety of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). We compared the real-world effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib (TOF) and filgotinib (FIL) as induction therapy for UC by propensity score-matching analysis. We enrolled 230 patients with active UC who received either TOF (n = 197) or FIL (n = 33) as induction therapy.

Handgrip strength in patients with type 2 diabetes correlates with diabetic polyneuropathy. A single-center, retrospective observational study in Japanese patients.

Nerve conduction studies (NCS) are the standard method for diagnosing diabetic polyneuropathy. Because a clear association between handgrip strength and diabetic neuropathy can serve as a screening tool, the present study evaluated the association between handgrip strength and NCS and diabetes-related complications. A total of 436 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were admitted to our hospital between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2023, and evaluated using Baba's diabetic neuropathy classification (BDC) were included.

Clinical outcomes of endocrine and other disorders induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors in Japanese patients.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficacy of treatment and survival after administration of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in Japanese patients and had endocrine-related and/or other immune-related adverse events (irAEs), as well as irAEs in multiple organs. This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study of 571 Japanese patients treated with ICI at our hospital. We evaluated the occurrence of Grade 3 or higher irAEs and the life expectancy and treatment efficacy after ICI administration.

Gastrointestinal symptoms in patients receiving imeglimin in combination with metformin: A post-hoc analysis of imeglimin clinical trial data.

Introduction: An increased rate of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms is reported in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving imeglimin plus metformin vs monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic drugs. This post-hoc analysis explored GI symptom incidence, risk factors for their occurrence, and the impact on therapeutic efficacy during imeglimin and metformin combination therapy.

Materials And Methods: Data were derived from the 52-week, open-label, phase 3 TIMES-2 trial in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients.

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features Between Programmed Cell Death 1/Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Inhibitor-Induced Hypopituitarism and Idiopathic Hypopituitarism in Japanese Subjects.

Objective Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated hypopituitarism (ICI-HP) is a rare immune-related adverse event (irAE) of ICIs. This study aimed to identify characteristic pituitary findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in ICI-HP. Methods This study is a single-center, retrospective, observational study.

Persistent Chronic Active T-Cell-Mediated Rejection After Kidney Transplantation Is Associated With Poor Allograft Survival.

Introduction: Histopathological findings of chronic active T-cell-mediated rejection (CA-TCMR) have been reported to potentially improve with treatment. However, whether this improvement is associated with a better renal prognosis remains unclear. This study was performed to analyze the impact of the histological response to therapy on kidney allograft survival in patients with CA-TCMR.

Morphological Differences in the Abdominal Aorta Between Subjects With and Without Type 2 Diabetes.

Aim Chronic hyperglycemia is a well-known risk factor for the development of many macrovascular complications, but hyperglycemia may be reportedly protective against abdominal aneurysms. Materials and methods In this study, we evaluated morphological differences in the abdominal aorta between subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without abdominal aortic aneurysm and evaluated the correlation between imaging findings of computed tomography (CT) and diabetes-related parameters. Results The abdominal aortic diameter was significantly smaller in subjects with T2DM compared to non-diabetes mellitus (NDM) subjects (p=0.

A case of preoperative embolization for a giant hypervascular pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm in pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: Preoperative vascular embolization is an effective strategy for managing meningiomas, neck paragangliomas, renal cell carcinomas, and bone metastasis by reducing the intraoperative bleeding volume and operation time. Although hypervascular tumors also occur in the pancreas, preoperative embolization for these tumors is not commonly practiced. We herein present a case of a giant serous cystic neoplasm (SCN) of the pancreas with significant arterial vascularity that was managed with preoperative interventional radiology and subsequently resected via pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Nilotinib-induced Diabetes in Japanese Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Objective This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes mellitus induced by nilotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Methods This retrospective study included 25 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with nilotinib at our hospital. Four patients had diabetes mellitus at the start of nilotinib administration (prior DM group), and five patients were newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus after the start of nilotinib administration (new DM group).

Effectiveness of switching from dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor to oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist in Japanese participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Prospective observational study using propensity score matching.

Aim: Recently, the development of the oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide has drawn a great deal of attention. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on glycaemic control and several metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus over a 6-month period.

Methods: Fifty-nine participants were included, and we compared various clinical parameters between before and after switching from DPP-4 inhibitors to oral semaglutide in 'study 1' (pre-post comparison) and set the control group using the propensity score matching method in 'study 2'.

The Impact of Hand Strength on HbA1c, Body Mass Index and Body Composition by Group According to Sedentary Behaviour: Cross-Sectional Study in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: The impact of hand strength in consideration of sedentary behaviour on diabetes management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of hand strength on HbA1c, body mass index (BMI) and body composition by group according to the duration of sedentary behaviour in Japanese patients with T2DM.

Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional, single-centre study, hand strength standardised by bodyweight (GS) and sedentary time (ST), were obtained and analysed in a total of 270 Japanese T2DM outpatients in 2021.

Safety and graft outcome of right retroperitoneal laparoscopic donor nephrectomy for living donor kidney transplantation: A comparison with left retroperitoneal laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.

Introduction: The left kidney is often preferred for living donor kidney transplantation because of its anatomical advantages. However, the right kidney may be procured due to donor conditions. Few studies have assessed the safety and graft outcome of right retroperitoneal laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (RDN).

A single dose of clothianidin exposure induces varying sex-specific behavioral changes in adulthood depending on the developmental stage of its administration.

Clothianidin (CLO), a neonicotinoid that is widely used in forests and agricultural areas, was recently reported to cause toxicity in mammals. Although sensitivity to chemicals varies between sexes and developmental stages, studies that comprehensively evaluate both males and females are limited. Therefore, in this study we utilized murine models to compare the sex-specific differences in behavioral effects following CLO exposure at different developmental stages.

Differences in imeglimin response in subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes stratified by data-driven cluster analysis: A post-hoc analysis of imeglimin clinical trial data.

Aim: To explore differences in imeglimin response among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patient clusters using data-driven cluster analysis.

Methods: Data-driven cluster analysis (non-hierarchical k-means clustering) was performed on randomized, double-blind, imeglimin monotherapy and adjunctive (to insulin) therapy trials based on four baseline variables: (1) disease duration; (2) body mass index (BMI); (3) HbA1c; and (4a) homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) (monotherapy trials) or (4b) insulin total daily dose (adjunctive trial).

Results: Four clusters were identified with distinct clinical characteristics in both monotherapy (1-4) and adjunctive therapy (I-IV) trials; clusters 1 and I had lower values across all four indices versus the overall population, clusters 2 and II had a longer diabetes duration, cluster 3 had higher baseline BMI and HOMA-β, and cluster III had higher baseline BMI and insulin total daily dose, while clusters 4 and IV had higher baseline HbA1c.

Modulation of allograft immune responses by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide administration in a rat model of kidney transplantation.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the periodontal tissues. Although it is associated with various systemic diseases, the impact of periodontitis on kidney transplantation (KT) outcomes, particularly allograft rejection, remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of periodontitis on transplant immunity, specifically examining Porphyromonas gingivalis-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS-PG).

Factors contributing to the clinical effectiveness of imeglimin monotherapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims/introduction: To investigate the effect of patient characteristics on imeglimin effectiveness in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: Data were pooled from two randomized, placebo-controlled, 24-week, double-blind studies of imeglimin monotherapy in Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the proportion of responders (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] < 7.0%) and sustained responders (i.

Real-world efficacy and safety of tofacitinib treatment in Asian patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background: Real-world data on tofacitinib (TOF) covering a period of more than 1 year for a sufficient number of Asian patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are scarce.

Aim: To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of TOF treatment for UC, including clinical issues.

Methods: We performed a retrospective single-center observational analysis of 111 UC patients administered TOF at Hyogo Medical University as a tertiary inflammatory bowel disease center.

Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Energy Devices in Bench Surgery for Pancreas Transplantation.

Introduction: Bench surgery for the preparation of deceased donor pancreatic grafts is labor-intensive and time-consuming. We hypothesized that energy devices could be used during bench surgery to decrease the bench surgery time. However, because bench surgery has two unique characteristics, wet conditions and no blood flow in the vessels, it is necessary to verify the safety and efficacy under such conditions.

Protective effects of imeglimin on the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE KO mice treated with STZ.

Background: Imeglimin is a new anti-diabetic drug which promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and reduces insulin resistance in insulin target tissues. However, there have been no reports examining the possible anti-atherosclerotic effects of imeglimin. In this study, we investigated the possible anti-atherosclerotic effects of imeglimin using atherosclerosis model ApoE KO mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ).

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor additively ameliorate hepatic steatosis through different mechanisms of action in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Aim: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors suppress the inactivation of incretin hormones and lower blood glucose levels by inhibiting DPP-4 function. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors lower blood glucose levels in an insulin-independent manner by inhibiting renal reabsorption of glucose. DPP-4 and SGLT2 inhibitors each have the potential to improve hepatic steatosis; however, their combined effects remain unclear.