Thin-slice 2D MR Imaging of the Shoulder Joint Using Denoising Deep Learning Reconstruction Provides Higher Image Quality Than 3D MR Imaging.

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate whether thin-slice 2D fat-saturated proton density-weighted images of the shoulder joint in three imaging planes combined with parallel imaging, partial Fourier technique, and denoising approach with deep learning-based reconstruction (dDLR) are more useful than 3D fat-saturated proton density multi-planar voxel images.

Methods: Eighteen patients who underwent MRI of the shoulder joint at 3T were enrolled. The denoising effect of dDLR in 2D was evaluated using coefficient of variation (CV).

The Efficacy of CT Temporal Subtraction Images for Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of CT temporal subtraction (TS) images for detecting emerging or growing ectopic bone lesions in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP).

Materials And Methods: Four patients with FOP were retrospectively included in this study. TS images were produced by subtracting previously registered CT images from the current images.

Artificial intelligence-powered software detected more than half of the liver metastases overlooked by radiologists on contrast-enhanced CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the sensitivity of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered software in detecting liver metastases, especially those overlooked by radiologists.

Methods: Records of 746 patients diagnosed with liver metastases (November 2010-September 2017) were reviewed. Images from when radiologists first diagnosed liver metastases were reviewed, and prior contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images were checked for availability.

Diagnostic advantage of thin slice 2D MRI and multiplanar reconstruction of the knee joint using deep learning based denoising approach.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether thin-slice high-resolution 2D fat-suppressed proton density-weighted image of the knee joint using denoising approach with deep learning-based reconstruction (dDLR) with MPR is more useful than 3D FS-PD multi planar voxel image. Twelve patients who underwent MRI of the knee at 3T and 13 knees were enrolled. Denoising effect was quantitatively evaluated by comparing the coefficient of variation (CV) before and after dDLR.

Adsorption of tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin onto liposomal surfaces composed of neutral diacylphosphatidylcholine and release by cyclodextrin.

Anionic tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) interacts with liposomal surfaces composed of neutral diacylphosphatidylcholine at high lipid concentrations. TPPS interacted with liposomal surfaces through four contact points. The association constant was obtained to be 9.

MR imaging features of mammary analogue secretory carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma of the salivary gland: a preliminary report.

Objectives: To report MR imaging features of mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) and acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of the salivary gland based on the latest version of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 classification of head and neck tumours.

Methods: MR images in 4 patients with MASC and 4 with AciCC were reviewed for margin characteristics, the presence of pathological cervical nodes, the presence of a cystic component and interface between cystic and solid component, signal intensity of the cystic components on T weighted images, and signal intensity of the solid component on T and T weighted images.

Results: All the MASCs and AciCCs had well-defined boundaries, and 1 AciCC had pathological nodes.

Tubulation of liposomes via the interaction of supramolecular nanofibers.

We achieved tubulation of self-assembled lipid membranes, liposomes, via the interaction of supramolecular nanofibers, porphyrin J-aggregates. This structural change was reversible, and the deformation of the porphyrin J-aggregates caused reconstruction of the liposomes from the tubes. We discussed the tubulation mechanism and calculated the force provided by porphyrin J-aggregates for tubulation.

A case of expressive-vocal amusia in a right-handed patient with left hemispheric cerebral infarction.

A 53-year-old right-handed woman had an extensive lesion in the left hemisphere due to an infarction caused by vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid bleeding. She exhibited persistent expressive-vocal amusia with no symptoms of aphasia. Evaluation of the patient's musical competence using the Montreal Battery for Evaluation of Amusia, rhythm reproduction tests, acoustic analysis of pitch upon singing familiar music, Japanese standard language tests, and other detailed clinical examinations revealed that her amusia was more dominantly related to pitch production.

Subcutaneous fluid collection: An imaging marker for treatment response of infectious thoracolumbar spondylodiscitis.

Purpose: To evaluate prevalence of subcutaneous fluid collection (SFC) in infectious thoracolumbar spondylodiscitis (SD) compared with control patients and to investigate correlation between volume changes of SFC and treatment response of SD.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board. From April 2011 to March 2012, 49 patients (24 SD and 25 non-SD patients) were enrolled.

Quantitative imaging values of CT, MR, and FDG-PET to differentiate pineal parenchymal tumors and germinomas: are they useful?

Introduction: Quantitative values of CT attenuation, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and standardized uptake value (SUV) were investigated for differentiation between pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) and germinomas. Differences in age, sex, and calcification pattern were also evaluated.

Methods: Twenty-three patients with PPTs and germinomas in 20 years were retrospectively enrolled under the approval of the institutional review board.

Estimation of proliferative potentiality of central neurocytoma: correlational analysis of minimum ADC and maximum SUV with MIB-1 labeling index.

Background: Central neurocytoma was initially believed to be benign tumor type, although atypical cases with more aggressive behavior have been reported. Preoperative estimation for proliferating activity of central neurocytoma is one of the most important considerations for determining tumor management.

Purpose: To investigate predictive values of image characteristics and quantitative measurements of minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmin) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) for proliferative activity of central neurocytoma measured by MIB-1 labeling index (LI).

[Survey of integrated medical care for dementia in Hyogo Prefecture: comparison in two areas].

Objective: To assess the attitude of medical care for dementia among the primary care physicians (PCP) in two different areas in Hyogo Prefecture and compare it.

Methods: A 15-item questionnaire related medical care for dementia was developed and sent it by mail to the PCP in December, 2011.

Results: One area is an urban area and the other is a rural area.

Brain alterations and mini-mental state examination in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy: voxel-based investigations using f-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to compare differences in morphological and functional changes in brain regions in individual patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and correlate their Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score with anatomy and function using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).

Methods: Sixteen PSP patients and 20 age-matched healthy volunteers underwent FDG-PET and 3-dimensional MRI. Gray matter, white matter and metabolic activity were compared between patients and normal controls.

The iliac wing sign: an indicator of the presence of bone and/or soft-tissue injury of the pelvis and hips.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility of using the "iliac wing sign (IWS)" as an indicator of bone and/or soft-tissue injury of the pelvis and hips on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. IWS means edema of the iliacus muscle attachment entering the iliac wing that is visualized as a linear high signal intensity on fat-suppressed T2-weighted MR images.

Methods: Consecutive 106 patients who complained of hip pain were enrolled in this study.

Measurement of gray and white matter atrophy in dementia with Lewy bodies using diffeomorphic anatomic registration through exponentiated lie algebra: A comparison with conventional voxel-based morphometry.

Background And Purpose: DLB is recognized as the second major form of dementia in the elderly. The regional pattern of GM atrophy in DLB highly overlaps that in AD. The aim of this study was to identify the critical pattern of atrophy in DLB by using DARTEL, which provides improved registration accuracy compared with that of conventional VBM.

Gender and age differences in normal adult human brain: voxel-based morphometric study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the gender and age differences in the normal adult human brain, using voxel-based morphometry. In this study, 227 right-handed normal adults (male:female = 111:116) were examined. Three-dimensional magnetic resonance brain images of each subject were segmented into gray and white matter using statistical parametric mappings.

Polymorphism of the regulatory region of the presenilin-2 gene in sporadic Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study.

Objective: presenilin-2 is one of the causative genes for familial Alzheimer's disease, and the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for late-onset and sporadic early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Polymorphism of the regulatory region of presenilin-2 has recently been reported to be associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease in a Russian population. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Alzheimer's disease is associated with the presenilin-2 gene polymorphism and the apolipoprotein E genotype in an extended case-control study.

Intra-striatal phencyclidine inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-stimulated increase in glutamate levels of freely moving rats.

1. The authors investigated the effect of local phencyclidine (phenylcyclohexylpiperidine, PCP) on extracellular levels of glutamate and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) in rat striatum using in vivo microdialysis. 2.

Neurochemical and pathological alterations following infusion of leupeptin, a protease inhibitor, into the rat brain.

It is known that proteases participate in cellular protein turnover and eliminate abnormal and potentially toxic proteins. Disturbed proteolysis may be responsible for generating the pathological features of some neurodegenerative disorders. Alzheimer disease, for instance, is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and a condition in which proteins of the cell membrane and cytoskeleton are abnormally processed and accumulated in the brain.

[Manifestation of the symptoms in demented patients after the Great Hanshin Earthquake in Japan].

On Jan. 17, 1995, at 5:46 a.m.

Low cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of peptide histidine valine and somatostatin-28 in Alzheimer's disease: altered processing of prepro-vasoactive intestinal peptide and prepro-somatostatin.

Recent studies have indicated that deposition of beta amyloid peptide in the brains of patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) is a consequence of abnormal processing of the beta amyloid protein precursor. In addition, reduced concentrations of various peptides have been measured in post-mortem brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with SDAT. We determined concentrations of the peptides derived from prepro-vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)--peptide histidine methionine-27 (PHM-27), peptide histidine valine (PHV) and VIP--and peptides derived from prepro-somatostatin (prepro-SS), SS-14 and SS-28, in CSF of patients with SDAT by radioimmunoassay combined with high performance liquid chromatography.

Drug-induced oral dyskinesias in rats after traditional and new neuroleptics.

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious human side effect of neuroleptic treatment in psychotic disorders. Although the etiology is clear (i.e.

Clozapine in tardive dyskinesia: observations from human and animal model studies.

Clozapine has long been considered a useful treatment in patients who have schizophrenia with the neuroleptic-induced delayed-onset side effect tardive dyskinesia. We present data in support of the clinical impression using both an animal model of the disorder and dyskinetic patients themselves. Clozapine produces a lower rate of oral dyskinesia in laboratory rats after 6 months of chronic treatment than does haloperidol (8.

Tiagabine inhibits haloperidol-induced oral dyskinesias in rats.

Chronic administration of haloperidol to male Sprague Dawley rats for 6 months at a dosage of 1.5 mg/kg/day produces oral dyskinesias in a significant percent of the treated group. This has been used as an animal model of tardive dyskinesia in several laboratories, because the rat movements display characteristics reminiscent of the human dyskinetic condition.