Reinventing Nuclear Histo-score Utilizing Inherent Morphologic Cutoffs: Blue-brown Color H-score (BBC-HS).

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a testing methodology that is widely used for large number of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Although IHC is a qualitative methodology, in addition to threshold-based stratification (positive vs. negative), the increasing levels of expression of some of these biomarkers often lead to more intense staining, which published evidence linked to specific diagnosis, prognosis, and responses to therapy.

Health anxiety and associated constructs in school-age children and adolescents with congenital heart disease and their parents: A children's healthy-heart activity monitoring program in Saskatchewan cohort study.

Youth with congenital heart disease (CHD) have been found to experience higher levels of health anxiety and associated constructs than typically developing peers. The association between youth and parent health anxiety has been explored in typically developing youth but this association remains unknown in youth with CHD. This association was explored using a prospective, cross-sectional study that included 36 school-age children and adolescents with CHD (median age =10.

Nonhormone-Related Histologic Findings in Postsurgical Pathology Specimens From Transgender Persons.

Objectives: The objective of this review is to characterize the literature addressing postprocedural complications in persons undergoing gender-affirming surgeries.

Methods: A literature search using the OVID MEDLINE and PubMed databases was performed to identify all studies describing histologic findings in surgical pathology specimens from transgender persons from 1946 to April 2021. The studies describing postsurgical complications were categorized based on anatomic site, type of complication, study design, publication region, and date.

Histologic Findings in Surgical Pathology Specimens From Individuals Taking Masculinizing Hormone Therapy for the Purpose of Gender Transition.

Context.—: Transgender men and transmasculine persons experience a discordance between the female sex they were assigned at birth and their gender. They may choose to take hormone therapy and/or undergo surgery to masculinize the body.

Histologic Findings in Surgical Pathology Specimens From Individuals Taking Feminizing Hormone Therapy for the Purpose of Gender Transition.

Context.—: Transgender women experience health disparities in all areas of medicine. Within surgical pathology, knowledge gaps relating to the concepts of transgender care exist.

Barriers to Care in ACHD: A Study of Young Adults in Saskatchewan.

Background: Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) are living longer with more complex disease. Maintaining lifelong care prevents morbidity and mortality, but many patients remain lost to follow-up or experience care gaps. We sought to assess barriers to care for patients with adult CHD (ACHD) in Saskatchewan, a Canadian province with no local congenital cardiac surgical support and no clear framework for ACHD care.

A cardiovascular disease risk factor in children with congenital heart disease: unmasking elevated waist circumference - a CHAMPS* study *CHAMPS: Children's Healthy-Heart Activity Monitoring Program in Saskatchewan.

Background: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have an elevated risk of future cardiovascular disease but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Abdominal obesity (measured as waist circumference) is a risk factor for adult onset of cardiovascular diseases and is correlated with low physical activity levels, commonly found in children with congenital heart disease. Elevated waist circumference may be a mechanism by which cardiovascular disease risk is elevated in children with CHD.

Physical activity modulates arterial stiffness in children with congenital heart disease: A CHAMPS cohort study.

Unlabelled: Children with congenital heart disease are at risk for developing increased arterial stiffness and this may be modulated by physical activity.

Objective: To compare arterial stiffness in high- and low-physically active children with congenital heart disease and healthy age- and sex-matched controls.

Patients: Seventeen children with congenital heart disease (12 ± 2 years; females = 9), grouped by low- and high-physical activity levels from accelerometry step count values, and 20 matched controls (11 ± 3 years; females = 9) were studied.

Health anxiety and associated constructs in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease: A CHAMPS cohort study.

This study explored health anxiety and associated constructs in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease and typically developing children and adolescents. A total of 84 participants (7-16 years) completed measures of health anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety sensitivity, and DSM-IV anxiety disorder symptom categories. Results demonstrated that children and adolescents with congenital heart disease experienced significantly higher levels of health anxiety and associated constructs compared to typically developing children and adolescents.

Pulmonary vein stenosis of ex-premature infants with pulmonary hypertension and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, epidemiology, and survival from a multicenter cohort.

Background: Pulmonary vein stenosis is emerging as an important clinical problem in ex-premature infants.

Methods: We sought to describe the epidemiology of pulmonary vein stenosis affecting ex-premature infants by a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients from seven children's hospitals diagnosed between 2000-2014.

Results: We identified 39 ex-premature patients (26 males, median gestational age 28 weeks range 22-36 weeks, birth weight 1.

Comparison of two surgical techniques for complete atrioventricular septal defect repair using two- and three-dimensional echocardiography.

Different surgical techniques for complete atrioventricular septal defect (CAVSD) repair have been described, with the double-patch technique being most frequently employed. More recently a newer technique using a modified single-patch repair has been advocated. We hypothesized that the modified single-patch technique would result in an increased incidence of the two major post-repair comorbidities, namely, distortion of the left AV valve (LAVV) leaflets and narrowing of the left-ventricular outflow tract (LVOT).

Effect of fresh red blood cell transfusions on clinical outcomes in premature, very low-birth-weight infants: the ARIPI randomized trial.

Context: Even though red blood cells (RBCs) are lifesaving in neonatal intensive care, transfusing older RBCs may result in higher rates of organ dysfunction, nosocomial infection, and length of hospital stay.

Objective: To determine if RBCs stored for 7 days or less compared with usual standards decreased rates of major nosocomial infection and organ dysfunction in neonatal intensive care unit patients requiring at least 1 RBC transfusion.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Double-blind, randomized controlled trial in 377 premature infants with birth weights less than 1250 g admitted to 6 Canadian tertiary neonatal intensive care units between May 2006 and June 2011.

The registry and follow-up of complex pediatric therapies program of Western Canada: a mechanism for service, audit, and research after life-saving therapies for young children.

Newly emerging health technologies are being developed to care for children with complex cardiac defects. Neurodevelopmental and childhood school-related outcomes are of great interest to parents of children receiving this care, care providers, and healthcare administrators. Since the 1970s, neonatal follow-up clinics have provided service, audit, and research for preterm infants as care for these at-risk children evolved.

Comparison between the safety profile and clinical results of the Cook detachable and Gianturco coils for transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in 272 patients.

Objectives: We evaluated the occlusion rate and safety of Cook detachable coils versus Gianturco coils in transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

Background: The Cook detachable coil recently was introduced in an attempt to improve the safety of transcatheter closure of PDA.

Methods: Between January 1994 and September 1998, 272 patients underwent transcatheter PDA closure.

An autosomal recessive syndrome of choanal atresia, hypothelia/athelia and thyroid gland anomalies overlapping bamforth syndrome, ANOTHER syndrome and methimazole embryopathy.

Two sibs from an inbred Arab family are described with an autosomal syndrome of choanal atresia, hypothelia/athelia and thyroid gland anomalies overlapping Bamforth syndrome, ANOTHER syndrome and methimazole embryopathy. In one case the syndrome described was lethal. Cases with similar features are reviewed and genetic mutations discussed.

Isolated connection of the right superior caval vein to the left atrium: non-invasive neonatal diagnosis.

Isolated anomalous drainage of the right superior caval vein to the left atrium is a very rare cause of cyanosis in the newborn. Herein, the cross-sectional echocardiography and colour Doppler findings of this malformation are described.

Differences in dose scheduling as a factor in the etiology of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in Ewing sarcoma patients.

Clinical observation suggested a high prevalence of cardiac morbidity and mortality in children with Ewing sarcoma (ES) treated at B.C.'s Children's Hospital.

Medium-term results of experimental stent implantation into the ductus arteriosus.

Balloon dilation is disappointing in maintaining patency of the arterial duct. In neonatal lambs, stent implantation in the arterial duct results in significantly larger ducts with greater pulmonary blood flow than balloon dilation. Little is known, however, about the duration of duct patency after stent implantation.

Role of transesophageal echocardiography in the management of aortic-left ventricular tunnel.

A 10-year-old patient has been followed for 10 years after repair of an aortic-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT) for residual aortic regurgitation and significant recurrent leak through the ALVT. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was done prior to surgery and intraoperatively to (1) clarify the precise anatomy of the ALVT, (2) evaluate the degree of aortic regurgitation, and (3) assess the repair. Delineation of the anatomy of the ALVT and assessment of the residual aortic insufficiency helped with the intraoperative decision-making.