Multilayer perceptron and support vector regression models for feline parturition date prediction.

A crucial challenge in feline obstetric care is the accurate prediction of the parturition date during late pregnancy. The classic simple linear regression (SLR) model, which employed the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) as the single input feature, was frequently applied for such prediction with limited accuracy. Since Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) are now two of the most potent scientific regression models, this study, for the first time, introduced such models as the new promising tools for feline parturition date prediction.

Differential transcript usage across mammalian oocytes at the germinal vesicle and metaphase II stages.

Ongoing progress in mRNA-Sequencing technologies has significantly contributed to the refinement of assisted reproductive technologies. However, the prior investigations have predominantly concentrated on alterations in overall gene expression levels, thereby leaving a considerable gap in our understanding of the influence of transcript isoform expression on fundamental cellular mechanisms of oocytes. Given the efficacy of differential transcript usage (DTU) analysis to address such knowledge, we conducted comprehensive DTU analysis utilizing mRNA-Seq datasets of germinal vesicle (GV) and metaphase II (MII) oocytes across six mammalian species from the SRA database, including cow, donkey, horse, human, mouse, and pig.

Cross-species analysis of differential transcript usage in humans and chickens with fatty liver disease.

Background And Aim: Fatty liver disease is a common condition, characterized by excess fat accumulation in the liver. It can contribute to more severe liver-related health issues, making it a critical concern in avian and human medicine. Apart from modifying the gene expression of liver cells, the disease also alters the expression of specific transcript isoforms, which might serve as new biological markers for both species.

The reversible effects of gossypol toxicity on male pigeons' reproductive performance.

Background And Aim: Gossypol, a cotton seed derivative, is well known for its reversible antifertility in male reproduction across species. Its antifertility and reversibility effects on male reproductive function vary among species in dose-and time-dependent manners. In this study, the antifertility potential of gossypol in pigeons was evaluated for the first time to determine whether it might be used as a dietary supplement for pigeon population control.

A novel cross-species differential tumor classification method based on exosome-derived microRNA biomarkers established by human-dog lymphoid and mammary tumor cell lines' transcription profiles.

Background And Aim: Exosome-derived microRNA (miRNA) has been widely studied as a non-invasive candidate biomarker for tumor diagnosis in humans and dogs. Its application, however, was primarily focused on intraspecies usage for individual tumor type diagnosis. This study aimed to gain insight into its application as a cross-species differential tumor diagnostic tool; we demonstrated the process of identifying and using exosome-derived miRNA as biomarkers for the classification of lymphoid and mammary tumor cell lines in humans and dogs.

Support vector regression algorithm modeling to predict the parturition date of small - to medium-sized dogs using maternal weight and fetal biparietal diameter.

Background And Aim: Fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) is a feasible parameter to predict canine parturition date due to its inverted correlation with days before parturition (DBP). Although such a relationship is generally described using a simple linear regression (SLR) model, the imprecision of this model in predicting the parturition date in small- to medium-sized dogs is a common problem among veterinarian practitioners. Support vector regression (SVR) is a useful machine learning model for prediction.

Differential DNA methylation analysis across the promoter regions using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing profiling of porcine loin muscle.

Background And Aim: Pork leanness and marbling are among the essential traits of consumer preference. To acquire knowledge about universal epigenetic regulations for improving breed selection, a meta-analysis of methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) profiling data of mixed loin muscle types was performed in this study.

Materials And Methods: MeDIP-seq profiling datasets of longissimus dorsi muscle and psoas major muscles from male and female pigs of Landrace and Tibetan breeds were preprocessed and aligned to the porcine genome.

Novel classifier orthologs of bovine and human oocytes matured in different melatonin environments.

It has been demonstrated that melatonin influences the developmental competence of both in vivo and in vitro matured oocytes. It modulates oocyte-specific gene expression patterns among mammalian species. Due to differences among study systems, the identification of the classifier orthologs-the homologous genes related among mammals that could universally categorize oocytes matured in environments with varied melatonin levels is still limitedly studied.

Prenatal diagnosis of foetal hydrocephalus and suspected X-linked recessive inheritance of cleft lip in a Chihuahua.

A 3.5-year-old, 2.9 kg, multiparous Chihuahua presented with abdominal distension; pregnancy was diagnosed.

An innovative approach to predict immune-associated genes mutually targeted by cow and human milk microRNAs expression profiles.

Aim: Milk is rich in miRNAs - the endogenous small non-coding RNA responsible for gene post-transcriptional silencing. Milk miRNAs were previously evidenced to affect consumer's immune response. While most studies relied on a few well-characterized milk miRNAs to relate their immunoregulatory roles on target genes among mammals, this study introduced a procedure to predict the target genes based on overall milk miRNA expression profiles - the miRNome data of cow and human.

A demonstration of the H3 trimethylation ChIP-seq analysis of galline follicular mesenchymal cells and male germ cells.

Objective: Trimethylation of histone 3 (H3) at 4th lysine N-termini (H3K4me3) in gene promoter region was the universal marker of active genes specific to cell lineage. On the contrary, coexistence of trimethylation at 27th lysine (H3K27me3) in the same loci-the bivalent H3K4m3/H3K27me3 was known to suspend the gene transcription in germ cells, and could also be inherited to the developed stem cell. In galline species, throughout example of H3K4m3 and H3K27me3 ChIP-seq analysis was still not provided.

Comparison of immunological characteristics of peripheral, splenic and tonsilar naïve B cells by differential gene expression meta-analyses.

Background: Naïve B cells isolated from peripheral blood, spleen and tonsil are commonly used in human B cell studies. However, little has been written about their possible variations in immunological properties. This study compared differential gene expression in human naive B subsets by meta-analysis using expression data available in Gene Expression Onimbus (GEO).

A two-step non-flowcytometry-based naïve B cell isolation method and its application in Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) presentation.

Background: To study the role of human naïve B cells in antigen presentation and stimulation to naïve CD4+ T cell, a suitable method to reproducibly isolate sufficient naïve B cells is required.

Methods: To improve the purity of isolated naive B cells obtained from a conventional one-step magnetic bead method, we added a rosetting step to enrich total B cell isolates from human whole blood samples prior to negative cell sorting by magnetic beads. The acquired naïve B cells were analyzed for phenotypes and for their role in Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) presentation to naïve CD4+ T cells.