A Comparative Review of the Terms Epipharyngitis and Nasopharyngitis in Medical Literature.

This review explores the usage of the term "epipharyngitis" in medical literature, particularly in non-English-speaking contexts. The term, although rarely used in contemporary English-language medical literature, may lead to confusion due to its overlap with more commonly used terms like "nasopharyngitis." This review aims to trace the origins of the term, analyze its usage across different languages, and discuss the implications of term differences in clinical practice and medical education.

Development of a Clinical Prediction Rule to Determine Walking Independence in Older Adults With Hip Fractures.

Introduction And Aim:  Accurate determination of walking independence in older adults after hip fracture surgery is crucial for selecting appropriate walking strategies and providing fall prevention guidance. We developed and validated a clinical prediction rule (CPR) to determine level-surface walking independence and community walking independence in older adults with hip fractures.

Methods: In a multicenter, cross-sectional study, we investigated 289 older inpatients with hip fractures.

Development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for walking independence in hospitalized older adults with a vertebral compression fracture.

Objective: No reports on factors or Clinical prediction rules (CPRs) associated with walking independence among patients with vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are available. Evidence regarding epidemiological walking independence rates is also sparse. Here, we sought to (i) obtain epidemiological data on the probability of inpatients with VCFs achieving walking independence, and (ii) develop and validate a CPR to determine walking independence in hospitalized patients with VCFs.

Heterotypic macrophages/microglia differentially contribute to retinal ischaemia and neovascularisation.

Aims/hypothesis: Diabetic retinopathy is characterised by neuroinflammation that drives neuronal and vascular degenerative pathology, which in many individuals can lead to retinal ischaemia and neovascularisation. Infiltrating macrophages and activated retina-resident microglia have been implicated in the progression of diabetic retinopathy, although the distinct roles of these immune cells remain ill-defined. Our aim was to clarify the distinct roles of macrophages/microglia in the pathogenesis of proliferative ischaemic retinopathies.

Association between glycated albumin and sudden death in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Background: The frequency of sudden death and its risk factors in patients undergoing hemodialysis are unknown. This study was performed to examine the association between glycated albumin (GA) and sudden death in Japanese patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods: In total, 260 patients undergoing hemodialysis aged ≥18 years were retrospectively followed for a mean of 4.

Post-hip-fracture knee pain in older adults prolongs their hospital stays: A retrospective analysis using propensity score matching.

Background And Purpose: Post-hip-fracture knee pain (PHFKP) occurs in ∼28%-37% of patients and contributes to a prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS). Analyses of LOS prolongation due to PHFKP have been limited to univariate analyses that do not consider important confounding factors. After adjusting for important confounding factors, we investigated whether the presence or absence of PHFKP makes a difference in LOS in patients with hip fractures.

Clinical Prediction Models for Nonmortality Outcomes in Older Adults With Hip Fractures: A Systematic Review.

Background: Several hip fracture clinical prediction models have been developed. We conducted this study to (i) map outcomes used in clinical prediction models for hip fracture, (ii) identify the domains and instruments of predictors, and (iii) assess the risk of bias.

Methods: We performed systematic searches of studies published from June 2002 to June 2023 in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CiNii, and Ichushi databases.

Clinical prediction rules for multi surfaces walking independence using the Berg Balance Scale or Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test in persons with stroke.

Background: A Clinical prediction rule (CPR) for determining multi surfaces walking independence in persons with stroke has not been established.

Objectives: To develop a CPR for determining multi surfaces walking independence in persons with stroke.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective analysis of 419 persons with stroke.

Longer Interscan Times in OCT Angiography Detect Slower Capillary Flow in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the detection of slower retinal capillary blood flow using commercial OCT angiography (OCTA) with a longer interscan time in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Design: Observational, prospective, cross-sectional study.

Participants: A total of 62 eyes from 39 subjects with diabetes mellitus and 10 eyes from 9 healthy subjects.

Identifying Hyperreflective Foci in Diabetic Retinopathy via VEGF-Induced Local Self-Renewal of CX3CR1+ Vitreous Resident Macrophages.

Intraretinal hyperreflective foci (HRF) are significant biomarkers for diabetic macular edema. However, HRF at the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) have not been examined in diabetic retinopathy (DR). A prospective observational clinical study with 162 consecutive eyes using OCT imaging showed significantly increased HRF at the VRI during DR progression (P < 0.

Hyperreflective Membrane at the Vitreoretinal Interface in Diabetic Macular Edema: A Finding in Ultra-High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: Detecting subtle vitreoretinal interface (VRI) findings, such as a posterior hyaloid membrane, is difficult with conventional retinal imaging. We compared ultra-high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (UHR-SD-OCT) with standard-resolution OCT (SD-OCT) for the imaging of VRI abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 113 consecutive patients (91 patients with diabetes and 22 healthy controls).

Sleep Should Be Focused on When Analyzing Physical Activity in Hospitalized Older Adults after Trunk and Lower Extremity Fractures-A Pilot Study.

Although the importance of resting in bed for hospitalized older adults is known, current methods of interpreting physical activity (PA) recommend the use of a broad definition of sedentary behavior (SB) that includes 0−1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs) of sleep (SL) and sitting. We investigated the characteristics of PA by conducting a cross-sectional study of 25 older adults with trunk and lower extremity fractures.

Research on Methods Decreasing Pesticide Waste Based on Plant Protection Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Review.

In plant protection, the increasing maturity of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has greatly increased efficiency. UAVs can adapt to multiple terrains and do not require specific take-off platforms. They do well, especially in farmland areas with rugged terrain.

Morphology and fluorescein leakage in diabetic retinal microaneurysms: a study using multiple en face OCT angiography image averaging.

Purpose: To investigate the relevance of microaneurysm morphology in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) image averaging and fluorescein leakage in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: In 38 consecutive patients with DR, ten consecutive 3- × 3-mm fovea-centered OCTA (HS100, Canon Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and fluorescein angiography (FA) were performed, and averaged OCTA images were created based on the 10 images.

Predictors of post-hip fracture knee pain in hospitalized older adults with intertrochanteric femoral fracture.

Background: Post-hip fracture knee pain (PHFKP) is an important issue that contributes to reduced gait speed and prolonged hospitalization. Femoral morphology has been reported to contribute to the development of PHFKP, but an independent association has not been confirmed and clinically applicable cutoffs for predicting the development of PHFKP remain unclear.

Objective: To determine whether femoral morphology and knee extension range of motion limitation are independent factors in PHFKP and to determine cutoffs for predicting the development of PHFKP.

Measurement of physical activity and prevention of physical inactivity/sedentary behaviors in patients with septic knee arthritis before and after hospital discharge: A case report.

Background: Patients with septic knee arthritis tend to have prolonged pain, which may lead to a decrease in physical activity (PA). Pain catastrophizing, which is associated with chronic pain, is known to be a limiting factor for PA. An objective measurement of PA in patients with septic knee arthritis has not been reported.

Rasch Validation and Comparison of the Mini-BESTest and S-BESTest in Individuals With Stroke.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the psychometric properties of the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) and S-BESTest and to evaluate which is more suitable for use in clinical settings for individuals with stroke.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study investigated 115 individuals with stroke (mean age, 70.8 y [SD = 11.

Retinal VEGF-A Overexpression Is Not Sufficient to Induce Lymphangiogenesis Regardless of VEGF-C Upregulation and Lyve1+ Macrophage Infiltration.

Purpose: No lymphatic vessels have been identified in the retina. This study investigated whether pathological VEGF-A-overexpressing diabetic retina causes lymphangiogenesis.

Methods: Three genetic mouse models of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (Akita [Ins2+/-], Kimba [vegfa+/+], and Akimba [Akita × Kimba] mice) were used.

Which Balance Evaluation Systems Test sections best distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status?

Objective: To determine which sections of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) distinguish levels of post-stroke functional walking status and to establish their cut-off scores.

Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Subjects And Methods: The BESTest was administered to 87 stroke patients who were able to walk without physical assistance upon discharge from the hospital.

Inpatient knee pain after hip fracture surgery affects gait speed in older adults: A retrospective chart-referenced study.

Aim: Post-hip fracture knee pain (PHFKP) develops in 28-37.4% of patients with hip fracture and contributes to prolonged hospitalization. Although reduced balance and gait speed contribute to falls, the effects of PHFKP remain unclear.

Drusen and pigment abnormality predict the development of neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Japanese patients.

Drusen are known to be the important hallmark to predict the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The prevalence of drusen is lower in Asians compared with Caucasians so that the role of signs constituting early AMD is not well established in Asian populations as in Western countries. In this study, we retrospectively investigated clinical characteristics and 5-year incidence of neovascular AMD (nAMD) in the fellow eye of unilateral nAMD patients.

VOLUMETRIC THREE-DIMENSIONAL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY OF RETINAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY.

Purpose: To evaluate structural and angiographic neovascularization in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy using volumetric three-dimensional optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This prospective, observational cross-sectional study included 29 eyes of 27 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The angiogenic structure, feeding vessel (epicenter), flow volume, and flow volume density of the neovasculatures were evaluated using three-dimensional OCTA imaging.