StyleRF-VolVis: Style Transfer of Neural Radiance Fields for Expressive Volume Visualization.

In volume visualization, visualization synthesis has attracted much attention due to its ability to generate novel visualizations without following the conventional rendering pipeline. However, existing solutions based on generative adversarial networks often require many training images and take significant training time. Still, issues such as low quality, consistency, and flexibility persist.

Recent design strategies for boosting chemodynamic therapy of bacterial infections.

The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to people's lives and health as bacterial infections continue to persist. Currently, antibiotic therapy remains the primary approach for tackling bacterial infections. However, the escalating rates of drug resistance coupled with the lag in the development of novel drugs have led to diminishing effectiveness of conventional treatments.

Tumor microenvironment-responsive degradable silica nanoparticles: design principles and precision theranostic applications.

Silica nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates in the field of nanomedicine due to their remarkable versatility and customizable properties. However, concerns about their potential toxicity in healthy tissues and organs have hindered their widespread clinical translation. To address this challenge, significant attention has been directed toward a specific subset of silica nanoparticles, namely degradable silica nanoparticles, primarily because of their excellent biocompatibility and responsive biodegradability.

CTLA-4 tail fusion enhances CAR-T antitumor immunity.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are powerful therapeutics; however, their efficacy is often hindered by critical hurdles. Here utilizing the endocytic feature of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) cytoplasmic tail, we reprogram CAR function and substantially enhance CAR-T efficacy in vivo. CAR-T cells with monomeric, duplex or triplex CTLA-4 cytoplasmic tails (CCTs) fused to the C terminus of CAR exhibit a progressive increase in cytotoxicity under repeated stimulation, accompanied by reduced activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines.

[Functional dyspepsia treated with acupuncture of different frequencies: a randomized controlled trial].

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of acupuncture with different frequencies in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).

Methods: A total of 90 patients with FD were randomly divided into a 3-time acupuncture treatment per week group (3-A group, 31 cases, 2 cases dropped off), a 1-time acupuncture treatment per week group (1-A group, 30 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (29 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the two acupuncture groups, the acupoints were Zhongwan (CV 12) and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25), Neiguan (PC 6), Liangqiu (ST 34), Yanglingquan (GB 34), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3), stimulated 3 times a week and once a week, respectively; and the treatment was given consecutively for 4 weeks.

Sustainable bacterial cellulose derived composites for high-efficiency hydrogen evolution reaction.

Incorporating heteroatoms into carbon structure has been demonstrated to be efficient for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the preparation complexity and poor durability are insufficient for the future hydrogen economy. In this work, the preparation of ZIF-67/BC precursor with BC as the template was done for the in-situ growth of MOFs (ZIF-67) crystals, followed by the carbonization and phosphating of ZIF-67/BC to prepare the CoP-NC/CBC N-doped composite carbon material with CoP as the primary active material.

Nanomaterials for photothermal cancer therapy.

Cancer has emerged as a pressing global public health issue, and improving the effectiveness of cancer treatment remains one of the foremost challenges of modern medicine. The primary clinical methods of treating cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, inevitably result in some adverse effects on the body. However, the advent of photothermal therapy offers an alternative route for cancer treatment.

Recent advances in Prussian blue-based photothermal therapy in cancer treatment.

Malignant tumours are a serious threat to human health. Traditional chemotherapy has achieved breakthrough improvements but also has significant detrimental effects, such as the development of drug resistance, immunosuppression, and even systemic toxicity. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging cancer therapy.

Cas12a/Cpf1 knock-in mice enable efficient multiplexed immune cell engineering.

Cas9 transgenic animals have drastically accelerated the discovery of novel immune modulators. But due to its inability to process its own CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs), simultaneous multiplexed gene perturbations using Cas9 remains limited, especially by pseudoviral vectors. Cas12a/Cpf1, however, can process concatenated crRNA arrays for this purpose.

CTLA-4 tail fusion enhances CAR-T anti-tumor immunity.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are powerful therapeutics; however, their efficacy is often hindered by critical hurdles. Here, utilizing the endocytic feature of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) cytoplasmic tail (CT), we reprogram CAR function and substantially enhance CAR-T efficacy . CAR-T cells with monomeric, duplex, or triplex CTLA-4 CTs (CCTs) fused to the C-terminus of CAR exhibit a progressive increase in cytotoxicity under repeated stimulation, accompanied by reduced activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Nanotechnological strategies to increase the oxygen content of the tumor.

Hypoxia is a negative prognostic indicator of solid tumors, which not only changes the survival state of tumors and increases their invasiveness but also remarkably reduces the sensitivity of tumors to treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. Thus, developing therapeutic strategies to alleviate tumor hypoxia has recently been considered an extremely valuable target in oncology. In this review, nanotechnological strategies to elevate oxygen levels in tumor therapy in recent years are summarized, including (I) improving the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, (II) oxygen delivery to hypoxic tumors, and (III) oxygen generation in hypoxic tumors.

Terahertz Combined with Metamaterial Microfluidic Chip for Troponin Antigen Detection.

In this paper, we use terahertz combined with metamaterial technology as a powerful tool to identify analytes at different concentrations. Combined with the microfluidic chip, the experimental measurement can be performed with a small amount of analyte. In detecting the troponin antigen, surface modification is carried out by biochemical binding.

Gadolinium-hybridized mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles with high magnetic resonance imaging performance for targeted drug delivery.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques, which can provide images with excellent anatomical detail, are widely used in clinical diagnosis. However, the current clinical small molecule gadolinium (Gd) contrast agents have the defects of relatively low sensitivity and poor tumor-target specificity, preventing their adoption in biology and medicine. Herein, a facile synthetic strategy to fabricate gadolinium-hybridized mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MOSG) through a nanoprecipitation reaction, with the surface of nanoparticles grafted with the fluorescent dye isothiocyanate (FITC) and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) for delivery of the antitumour drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), resulting in a high-performance nanotheranostic (RGD-MOSG-FITC/DOX) for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and chemotherapy of tumors.

Genome Engineering for Next-Generation Cellular Immunotherapies.

Over the past decade, cellular immunotherapies such as CAR-T, TCR-T, and NK cell therapies have achieved tremendous success in cancer treatment. However, various challenges and obstacles remain, including antigen escape, immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment, toxicities, and on-target off-tumor effects. Recent strategies for overcoming these roadblocks have included the use of genome engineering.

Sensitivity Enhancement and Probiotic Detection of Microfluidic Chips Based on Terahertz Radiation Combined with Metamaterial Technology.

Terahertz (THz) radiation has attracted wide attention in recent years due to its non-destructive properties and ability to sense molecular structures. In applications combining terahertz radiation with metamaterial technology, the interaction between the terahertz radiation and the metamaterials causes resonance reactions; different analytes have different resonance performances in the frequency domain. In addition, a microfluidic system is able to provide low volume reagents for detection, reduce noise from the environment, and concentrate the sample on the detection area.

Tumor immunology CRISPR screening: present, past, and future.

Recent advances in immunotherapy have fundamentally changed the landscape of cancer treatment by leveraging the specificity and selectivity of the adaptive immune system to kill cancer cells. These successes have ushered in a new wave of research aimed at understanding immune recognition with the hope of developing newer immunotherapies. The advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technologies and advancement of multiomics modalities have greatly accelerated the discovery process.

Small-molecule activation of lysosomal TRP channels ameliorates Duchenne muscular dystrophy in mouse models.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disease caused by mutations in dystrophin that compromise sarcolemma integrity. Currently, there is no treatment for DMD. Mutations in transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (ML1), a lysosomal Ca channel required for lysosomal exocytosis, produce a DMD-like phenotype.

A Comprehensive Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals Long Non-Coding RNA to be Involved in the Key Metabolic Pathway in Response to Waterlogging Stress in Maize.

Waterlogging stress (WS) in a dynamic environment seriously limits plant growth, development, and yield. The regulatory mechanism underlying WS conditions at an early stage in maize seedlings is largely unknown. In the present study, the primary root tips of B73 seedlings were sampled before (0 h) and after (2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h, and 12 h) WS and then subjected to transcriptome sequencing, resulting in the identification of differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DEpcGs) and long non-coding RNAs (DElncRs) in response to WS.

Application of a Terahertz System Combined with an X-Shaped Metamaterial Microfluidic Cartridge.

Terahertz (THz) radiation has attracted wide attention for its ability to sense molecular structure and chemical matter because of a label-free molecular fingerprint and nondestructive properties. When it comes to molecular recognition with terahertz radiation, our attention goes first towards the absorption spectrum, which is beyond the far infrared region. To enhance the sensitivity for similar species, however, it is necessary to apply an artificially designed metamaterial sensor for detection, which confines an electromagnetic field in an extremely sub-wavelength space and hence receives an electromagnetic response through resonance.

Agonist-specific voltage-dependent gating of lysosomal two-pore Na channels.

Mammalian two-pore-channels (TPC1, 2; ) are ubiquitously- expressed, PI(3,5)P-activated, Na-selective channels in the endosomes and lysosomes that regulate luminal pH homeostasis, membrane trafficking, and viral infection. Whereas the channel activity of TPC1 is strongly dependent on membrane voltage, TPC2 lacks such voltage dependence despite the presence of the presumed 'S4 voltage-sensing' domains. By performing high-throughput screening followed by lysosomal electrophysiology, here we identified a class of tricyclic anti-depressants (TCAs) as small-molecule agonists of TPC channels.

[Genetic analysis of β -thalassemia mutations in the minority populations of Guizhou province].

Objective: To investigate the gene mutation frequencies and patterns of β-thalassemia (β-thal) in the minority populations of Guizhou province.

Methods: Three thousand and five hundred couples in the reproductive age were screened by using automatic hemocyte analyzer and hemoglobin autoanalyzer-variant. The diagnostic criteria for β-thal were: the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was ≤ 82 fl, and the HbA(2) level was ≥ 3.