Surface charge effects of monovalent and zwitterionic monolayers to differentiate structurally similar aminoglycosides with electrochemical aptamer biosensors.

Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors (EABs) are effective for in vitro and in vivo detection of a wide variety of targets ranging from small molecules to whole cells. Here we investigate the effect of monovalent and short chained zwitterionic molecules on the EAB sensing to differentiate structurally similar aminoglycoside and demonstrate enhanced robustness in biological media. We further integrated various blocking layers into nanoporous gold electrodes to enhance the specificity of EABs and interrogate unique signal traces arising from chemical interactions of the aptamers with various monolayers.

Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Pesticides in Danjiangkou Reservoir and Evaluation of Ecological Risk.

The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the largest artificial freshwater lake in Asia. This study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir to assess the ecological and human health risks associated with these pollutants. Twenty-three sampling sites in the Danjiangkou Reservoir each collected 23 surface water samples and 23 sediment samples.

UV-aging process of titanium dioxide nanoparticles aggravates enterohepatic toxicity of bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate to zebrafish.

The physicochemical characteristics of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO) may change during the aging process once discharged into aquatic environment. However, how the aging process affects their interactions with co-existing pollutants, as well as the joint toxicity has not been explored. This study investigated how UV-aging impacts n-TiO in aquatic environments and their interactions with bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), focusing on their joint toxicity in adult female zebrafish.

The role of B7-H4 in ovarian cancer immunotherapy: current status, challenges, and perspectives.

Immunotherapy stands as a critical and auspicious therapeutic approach in the fight against cancer nowadays. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, in particular, have garnered widespread employment and delivered groundbreaking therapeutic outcomes across various malignancies. However, the efficacy is unsatisfactory in the ovarian cancer.

Behavioral impairments and disrupted mitochondrial energy metabolism induced by polypropylene microplastics in zebrafish larvae.

Polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs) are emerging pollutant commonly detected in various environmental matrices and organisms, while their adverse effects and mechanisms are not well known. Here, zebrafish embryos were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of PP-MPs (0.08-50 mg/L) from 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) until 120 hpf.

A multifunctional thermosensitive hydrogel based on phototherapy for promoting the healing of dental extraction wounds.

Post-extraction wound infections are a common complication of dental extractions. More specifically, infection in the alveolar socket after tooth extraction accelerates the resorption and destruction of the alveolar bone, and ultimately affects the final restoration results. Currently, the main clinical treatment approaches applied to the socket after tooth extraction include mechanical wound debridement, chemical rinses (, chlorhexidine), filling of the extraction socket with absorbent gelatin sponges, and the systemic application of antibiotics.

Mutation characteristics of cancer susceptibility genes in Chinese ovarian cancer patients.

Introduction: The association between mutations in susceptibility genes and the occurrence of ovarian cancer has been extensively studied. Previous research has primarily concentrated on genes involved in the homologous recombination repair pathway, particularly and . However, a wider range of genes related to the DNA damage response pathways has not been fully explored.

A clinical-information-free method for early diagnosis of lung cancer from the patients with pulmonary nodules based on backpropagation neural network model.

Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to lack of obvious clinical symptoms in the early stage of the lung cancer, it is hard to distinguish between malignancy and pulmonary nodules. Understanding the immune responses in the early stage of malignant lung cancer patients may provide new insights for diagnosis.

A comprehensive bibliometric analysis (2000-2022) on the mapping of knowledge regarding immunotherapeutic treatments for advanced, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer.

Background: Despite extensive literature on therapeutic strategies for cervical cancer, a bibliometric analysis specifically focused on immunotherapy for advanced, recurrent, or metastatic (A/R/M) cervical malignancies remains unexplored. This study aims to address this gap by presenting a comprehensive overview that includes general characteristics, research focal points, the trajectory of evolution, and current emerging trends in this under-researched area.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) to identify articles related to A/R/M cervical cancer published between 2000 and 2022.

Interactions between intestinal microbiota and metabolites in zebrafish larvae exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics: Implications for intestinal health and glycolipid metabolism.

Previous studies have shown the harmful effects of nanoscale particles on the intestinal tracts of organisms. However, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. Our present study focused on examining the uptake and distribution of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in zebrafish larvae, as well as its toxic effects on the intestine.

Characteristics of germline DNA damage response gene mutations in ovarian cancer in Southwest China.

DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are responsible for repairing endogenous or exogenous DNA damage to maintain the stability of the cellular genome, including homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway, mismatch repair (MMR) pathway, etc. In ovarian cancer, current studies are focused on HRR genes, especially BRCA1/2, and the results show regional and population differences. To characterize germline mutations in DDR genes in ovarian cancer in Southwest China, 432 unselected ovarian cancer patients underwent multi-gene panel testing from October 2016 to October 2020.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate Poses a Higher Exposure Risk and Induces Gender-Specific Metabolic Disruptions in Zebrafish Liver.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), a typical novel brominated flame retardant, has been ubiquitously identified in various environmental and biotic media. Consequently, there is an urgent need for precise risk assessment based on a comprehensive understanding of internal exposure and the corresponding toxic effects on specific tissues. In this study, we first investigated the toxicokinetic characteristics of TBPH in different tissues using the classical pseudo-first-order toxicokinetic model.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate Enhances -Mediated Lipophagy to Remodel Lipid Metabolism in Zebrafish Liver.

An emerging environmental contaminant, bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), can bioaccumulate in the liver and affect hepatic lipid metabolism. However, the in-depth mechanism has yet to be comprehensively explored. In this study, we utilized transgenic zebrafish : to image the interference of TBPH on zebrafish liver development and lipid metabolism at the early development stage.

Integrated Studies on Male Reproductive Toxicity of Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate: , , , and .

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) has been widely detected in the environment and organisms; thus, its toxic effects on male reproduction were systematically studied. First, we found that TBPH can stably bind to the androgen receptor (AR) based on molecular docking results and observed an antagonistic activity, but not agonistic activity, on the AR signaling pathway using a constructed AR-GRIP1 yeast assay. Subsequently, we validated the adverse effects on male germ cells by observing inhibited androgen production and proliferation in Leydig cells upon exposure and affected general motility and motive tracks of zebrafish sperm upon exposure.

Modular Aptamer Switches for the Continuous Optical Detection of Small-Molecule Analytes in Complex Media.

Aptamers are a promising class of affinity reagents because signal transduction mechanisms can be built into the reagent, so that they can directly produce a physically measurable output signal upon target binding. However, endowing the signal transduction functionality into an aptamer remains a trial-and-error process that can compromise its affinity or specificity and typically requires knowledge of the ligand binding domain or its structure. In this work, a design architecture that can convert an existing aptamer into a "reversible aptamer switch" whose kinetic and thermodynamic properties can be tuned without a priori knowledge of the ligand binding domain or its structure is described.

Real-Time Spatiotemporal Measurement of Extracellular Signaling Molecules Using an Aptamer Switch-Conjugated Hydrogel Matrix.

Cells rely on secreted signaling molecules to coordinate essential biological functions including development, metabolism, and immunity. Unfortunately, such signaling processes remain difficult to measure with sufficient chemical specificity and temporal resolution. To address this need, an aptamer-conjugated hydrogel matrix that enables continuous fluorescent measurement of specific secreted analytes - in two dimensions, in real-time is developed.

Effects of glyphosate exposure on gut-liver axis: Metabolomic and mechanistic analysis in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus).

Glyphosate, one of the most widely used herbicide worldwide, is potentially harmful to non-target aquatic organisms. However, the environmental health risks regarding impacts on metabolism homeostasis and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we investigated bioaccumulation, metabolism disorders and mechanisms in grass carp after exposure to glyphosate.

Tailoring electrode surface charge to achieve discrimination and quantification of chemically similar small molecules with electrochemical aptamers.

Electrochemical biosensors based on structure-switching aptamers offer many advantages because they can operate directly in complex samples and offer the potential to integrate with miniaturized electronics. Unfortunately, these biosensors often suffer from cross-reactivity problems when measuring a target in samples containing other chemically similar molecules, such as precursors or metabolites. While some progress has been made in selecting highly specific aptamers, the discovery of these reagents remains slow and costly.