Quarter-Wave Plate Metasurfaces for Generating Multi-Channel Vortex Beams.

Metasurfaces of quarter-wave plate (QWP) meta-atoms have exhibited high flexibility and versatile functionalities in the manipulation of light fields. However, the generation of multi-channel vortex beams with the QWP meta-atom metasurfaces presents a significant challenge. In this study, we propose dielectric metasurfaces composed of QWP meta-atoms to manipulate multi-channel vortex beams.

RNA-Sequencing Analysis and Expression of Lymphocyte-Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Linker for Activation of T Cells, and 70-kDa T-Cell Receptor Zeta-Chain Associated Protein Kinase in Rat Liver Transplant Rejection.

Objectives: The prevention and treatment of liver transplant rejection remain challenging. We investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms of liver transplant rejection in rats and screened candidate genes to determine their degree of rejection response for possible development of potential therapeutic targets.

Materials And Methods: Brown Norway-Brown Norway transplant tolerant models and Lewis-Brown Norway transplant rejection models were established.

A novel carbonized polymer dots-based molecularly imprinted polymer with superior affinity and selectivity for oxytetracycline removal.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) synthesized from chain functional monomers are restricted by spatial extension and exhibit relatively poor affinity and selectivity; this results in unsatisfactory applications in complex media. In this study, we prepared unique spherical carbonized polymer dots (CPDs-OH) via the incomplete carbonization of 1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide and ethylene glycol, and used it as a functional monomer to prepare a newly imprinted polymer (CPDs-OH@MIP) in aqueous media. As a result, the CPDs-OH@MIP exhibited effective recognition of oxytetracycline with an impressive imprinting factor of 6.

artificial solid electrolyte interface engineering on an anode for prolonging the cycle life of lithium-metal batteries.

Lithium, with its high theoretical capacity and low potential, has been widely investigated as the anode in energy storage/conversion devices. However, their commercial applications always suffer from undesired dendrite growth, which forms in the charging process and may puncture the separator, leading to short cycle lives and even security problems. Herein, by an displacement reaction using SnF at room temperature, we constructed an artificial solid electrolyte interface (ASEI) of LiF/Li-Sn outside the Li anode.

Two-dimensional transition metal carbide (TiV)CT MXene as high performance electrode for flexible supercapacitor.

MXenes have gained widespread interest in flexible supercapacitor due to their rich electrochemical activity and free-standing electrode structure. However, it has been a challenge to obtain an electrode with high (mass and volumetric) specific capacitance, high rate and long cycle life simultaneously. Herein, we have prepared a novel few-layer double transition metal carbide (TiV)CT MXene.

Tuning Li Nucleation by a Hybrid Lithiophilic Protective Layer for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

Lithium (Li) metal has been recognized as the most promising anode material for next-generation rechargeable batteries. However, the practical application of Li anodes is hampered by the growth of Li dendrites. To address this issue, a robust and uniform Sb-based hybrid lithiophilic protective layer is designed and built by a facile in situ surface reaction approach.

Mott-Schottky electrocatalyst selectively mediates the sulfur species conversion in lithium-sulfur batteries.

The lithium sulfur (Li-S) battery is an active research area in the field of energy storage systems, but the shuttle effect is a serious obstacle hindering its application. Herein, a CoSe/CoO Mott-Schottky catalyst is blended with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and subsequently coated onto a commercial separator as a modifier, whereby the synergy between the high electrocatalytic activity of the CoSe/CoO heterostructure and high conductivity of the CNTs selectively mediate the conversion of sulfur species. As a result, a cell with a CoSe/CoO-CNTs modified separator displays a high initial discharge capacity of 1573 and 910 mAh/g at 0.

Modulating Electron Conducting Properties at Lithium Anode Interfaces for Durable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

The lithium (Li) ion and electron diffusion behaviors across the actual solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) play a critical role in regulating the Li nucleation and growth and improving the performance of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. To date, a number of researchers have pursued an SEI with high Li-ion conductivity while ignoring the Li dendrite growth caused by electron tunneling in the SEI. Herein, an artificial anti-electron tunneling layer with enriched lithium fluoride (LiF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) nanocrystals is constructed using a facile solution-soaking method.

3D hierarchical Cu@Ag nanostructure as a current collector for dendrite-free lithium metal anode.

Lithium metal is considered to be the best candidate for rechargeable batteries due to its unique advantages. But the instability and the uncontrollable dendrites of the lithium metal anode greatly limit its commercialization. In recent years, in order to obtain stable Li metal anodes, various three-dimensional (3D) current collectors have been proposed.

Shielding polysulfides enabled by a biomimetic artificial protective layer in lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are widely considered to be next-generation storage technologies due to their high energy density, low cost and non-toxicity. However, the soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPS) migrating to the anode side inevitably causes side reactions with the Li anode, resulting in severe corrosion of the Li anode, loss of active materials, and rapid battery failure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective strategies to avoid LiPS exposure to Li anodes.

Global potential distribution prediction of Xanthium italicum based on Maxent model.

Alien invasive plants pose a threat to global biodiversity and the cost of control continues to rise. Early detection and prediction of potential risk areas are essential to minimize ecological and socio-economic costs. In this study, the Maxent model was used to predict current and future climatic conditions to estimate the potential global distribution of the invasive plant Xanthium italicum.

Hierarchical integrated processing of reward-related regions in obese males: A graph-theoretical-based study.

Abnormal activities in reward-related regions are associated with overeating or obesity. Preliminary studies have shown that changes in neural activity in obesity include not only regional reward regions abnormalities but also impairments in the communication between reward-related regions and multiple functional areas. A recent study has shown that the transitions between different neural networks are nonrandom and hierarchical, and that activation of particular brain networks is more likely to occur after other brain networks.

Correction to: Metabolic Features of Individuals with Obesity Referred for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery: a Cohort Study.

In the original articles there are data errors in some of the Figure 2 tables. The corrected Figure 2 tables follow.

Alterations in the Liver Fat Fraction Features Examined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Following Bariatric Surgery: a Self-Controlled Observational Study.

Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Alterations in the liver fat fraction (LFF) assessed by MRI following bariatric surgery is a promising feature; however, few studies have been fully elucidated.

Purpose: To determine the alterations in the LFF features following surgery using MRI, to determine the correlation with the clinical non-alcoholic steatohepatitis score (C-NASH score), and to identify the predictive factors for postoperative score changes.

Metabolic Features of Individuals with Obesity Referred for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery: a Cohort Study.

Background: The concept of metabolic obesity phenotypes has been proposed, but its relevance to metabolic features is unclear.

Purpose: To determine a new definition of metabolic obesity phenotype, investigate the characteristics of expressing clustered normal and abnormal metabolic parameters, and analyze factors associated with metabolic abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: Characteristics of 600 patients were analyzed.

Integration of Neural Reward Processing and Appetite-Related Signaling in Obese Females: Evidence From Resting-State fMRI.

Background: The reward-related regions have been considered a crucial component in the regulation of eating behavior. Furthermore, appetite-related regions associated with reward can influence eating behaviors through altered functional activity related to food in brain areas associated with emotion, memory, sensory processing, motor function, and cognitive control.

Purpose: To investigate the key nodes in obese females of reward-related regions and, based on key nodes, to evaluate the directionality of functional connectivity between key nodes and appetite-related regions.

Alterations of Gastric Emptying Features Following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Chinese Patients with Obesity: a Self-Controlled Observational Study.

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become an increasingly popular metabolic surgical procedure. Alteration in motor gastric function is a fundamental feature following LSG but still remains controversial.

Purpose: To determine the gastric emptying time 3 month after LSG, correlations between gastric emptying time and body weight, weight loss, and glycemia levels, alongside determining predictive factors of weight loss at the 3-month follow-up.