Effect of frozen storage duration on temporal dominance of sensations (TDS), chemical investigations and moisture distribution of roasted chicken wings.

In order to guide manufacturers or consumers to choose frozen chicken wings (CWS) reasonably for roasting, the changes of sensory quality and physicochemical properties of CWS with different freezing storage time (0-12 months) after roasting were studied. The results showed that juiciness, fat flavor, meat flavor, and saltiness were the most important dominant attributes of roasted CWS, and their dominance rate gradually decreased from the ninth month. Increased (P < 0.

Dynamic Changes and Potential Correlations between Microbial Diversity and Volatile Flavor Compounds in Chinese Medium-Temperature Daqu during Manufacturing.

To investigate the dynamic changes and potential correlations between microbial diversity and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during Chinese medium-temperature Daqu (MTD) manufacturing at different key stages, in this study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) were employed to analyze the microbial diversity and VOCs of MTD, respectively. The results showed that , , , , and were the dominant bacterial genera, while , , , , , and were the dominant fungal genera. A total of 61 VOCs were detected by GC-IMS, among which, 13 differential VOCs (VIP > 1) were identified, that could be used as potential biomarkers to judge the fermentation stage of MTD.

Characterization of flavor and taste profile of different radish ( L.) varieties by headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC/IMS) and -nose/tongue.

A comprehensive study of the overall flavor and taste profile of different radishes is lacking. This study systematically compared the volatile profile of six radish varieties using HS-GC-IMS and their correlation with the -nose analysis. Organic acids and amino acids were quantified, and their association with the E-tongues analysis was explored.

Preparation and Investigation of Sustained-Release Nanocapsules Containing Cumin Essential Oil for Their Bacteriostatic Properties.

Cumin essential oil chitosan nanocapsules (CENPs) were prepared through the ionic gelation method by blending chitosan (CS) with cumin essential oil (CEO) in different proportions (1:0.8, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4). Subsequently, these nanocapsules were characterized and evaluated for their antibacterial properties to determine the optimal cumin essential oil encapsulation and antibacterial efficacy.

Using temporal dominance of sensations (TDS), multiple-sip TDS, chemical composition evaluation, and microstructural analysis to assess the impact of repeated reheating cycles on chicken soup.

Reheating chicken soup is a common culinary practice in daily life. To investigate the impact of reheating frequency on the sensory quality of chicken soup, temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) and multi-TDS were used to characterize changes in dominant sensory attributes during consumption. Additionally, E-nose and E-tongue were utilized to analyze differences in aroma and taste profiles.

Exploring the Profile Contributions in YB4 under Different NaCl Concentrations Using GC-MS Combined with GC-IMS and an Electronic Nose.

Using YB4, which was isolated and screened from southern Sichuan pickles in the laboratory, as the experimental group, we investigated the changes in growth, total ester content, and volatile flavor substances of YB4 under different NaCl concentrations. The growth of YB4 was found to be inhibited by NaCl, and the degree of inhibition increased at higher NaCl concentrations. Additionally, the total ester content of the control group (CK) was significantly lower compared to the other groups ( < 0.

Effect of fat replacement by flaxseed flour on the quality parameters of pork meatballs.

To improve the edible qualities of meatballs, various percentages of pork fat in meatballs were replaced by brown flaxseed flour (BFF) to decrease the fat contents and further optimize the fatty acid compositions. Five different meatball formulations that used 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of flaxseed flour additions were used in which the corresponding amounts pork fat were replaced. The proximate compositions, water activity, pH levels, colors, textures, cooking losses, fatty acid compositions, sensory properties, flavors, and oxidation stabilities of these meatballs were analyzed.

Effects of Different Low-Temperature Storage Methods on the Quality and Processing Characteristics of Fresh Beef.

Low-temperature storage has become the most common way for fresh meat storage because of its lower cost and better preservation effect. Traditional low-temperature preservation includes frozen storage and refrigeration storage. The refrigeration storage has a good fresh-keeping effect, but the shelf life is short.

Responses of Bilevel Ventilators to Unintentional Leak: A Bench Study.

Background: The impact of leaks has mainly been assessed in bench models using continuous leak patterns which did not reflect real-life leakage. We aimed to assess the impact of the pattern and intensity of unintentional leakage (UL) using several respiratory models.

Methods: An active artificial lung (ASL 5000) was connected to three bilevel-ventilators set in pressure mode; the experiments were carried out with three lung mechanics (COPD, OHS and NMD) with and without upper airway obstruction.

Addition of bacterial filter alters positive airway pressure and non-invasive ventilation performances.

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Cause analysis of PM pollution during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nanning, China.

To analyse the cause of the atmospheric PM pollution that occurred during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nanning, Guangxi, China, a single particulate aerosol mass spectrometer, aethalometer, and particulate Lidar coupled with monitoring near-surface gaseous pollutants, meteorological conditions, remote fire spot sensing by satellite and backward trajectory models were utilized during 18-24 February 2020. Three haze stages were identified: the pre-pollution period (PPP), pollution accumulation period (PAP) and pollution dissipation period (PDP). The dominant source of PM in the PPP was biomass burning (BB) (40.

Ecological risk of human health in sediments in a karstic river basin with high longevity population.

Health and longevity are common human goals, and environmental factors can have significant impacts on human health. This study aims to investigate the historical changes and sources of trace elements in the sediments of a typical karstic river basin with high longevity population in Hechi City, Guangxi, China and to evaluate the ecological risks of trace elements in sediments. The results showed that over the past 100 years, the contents of trace elements in the sediments were lower in the upper reaches than in the middle and lower reaches of the river.

Dose variability of supplemental oxygen therapy with open patient interfaces based on in vitro measurements using a physiologically realistic upper airway model.

Background: Supplemental oxygen therapy is widely used in hospitals and in the home for chronic care. However, there are several fundamental problems with the application of this therapy such that patients are often exposed to arterial oxygen concentrations outside of the intended target range. This paper reports volume-averaged tracheal oxygen concentration measurements (FtO2) from in vitro experiments conducted using a physiologically realistic upper airway model.

Impact of leaks and ventilation parameters on the efficacy of humidifiers during home ventilation for tracheostomized patients: a bench study.

Background: During invasive ventilation, the upper airway is bypassed and no longer participates in humidification of inspired gases, which is essential to avoid harmful consequences such as endotracheal tube occlusion. In the case of increased air flow, especially in the presence of leaks (intentional or unintentional), the humidification provided by humidifiers may become ineffective. The objective of this bench study was to evaluate the quality of humidification provided by heated humidifiers under various home ventilation conditions.

In Vitro-In Silico Comparison of Pulsed Oxygen Delivery From Portable Oxygen Concentrators Versus Continuous Flow Oxygen Delivery.

Background: Portable oxygen concentrators (POCs) deliver oxygen in intermittent pulses. The challenge of establishing equivalence between continuous flow oxygen and nominal pulse flow settings on different POCs is well known. In vitro bench measurements and in silico mathematical modeling were used to compare the performance of 4 POCs versus continuous flow oxygen by predicting the F at the trachea and entering the acini.

Mimicking a flow-limited human upper airway using a collapsible tube: relationships between flow patterns and pressures in a respiratory model.

The upper airway (UA) in humans is commonly modeled as a Starling resistor. However, negative effort dependence (NED) observed in some patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) contradicts predictions based on the Starling resistor model in which inspiratory flow is independent of inspiratory driving pressure when flow is limited. In a respiratory bench model consisting of a collapsible tube and an active lung model (ASL5000), inspiratory flow characteristics were investigated in relation to upstream, downstream, and extra-luminal pressures (denoted as P, P, and P, respectively) by varying inspiratory effort (muscle pressure) from -1 to -20 cmHO in the active lung.

Combined effects of leaks, respiratory system properties and upper airway patency on the performance of home ventilators: a bench study.

Background: Combined effects of leaks, mechanical property of respiratory system and upper airway (UA) patency on patient-ventilator synchrony (PVA) and the level of clinically "tolerable" leaks are not well established in home ventilators.

Methods: We comparatively assessed on a bench model, the highest leak level tolerated without inducing significant asynchrony ("critical leak") in three home ventilators (Astral 150, Trilogy 100 and Vivo 60; noted as A150, T100 and V60 respectively) subjected to three simulated diseased respiratory conditions: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obesity hypoventilation (OHS) and neuromuscular disorders (NMD), with both open and closed UA. Also, total leak values in the device reports were compared to the bench-measured values.

Testing the Performance of Positive Airway Pressure Generators: From Bench to Bedside.

Positive airway pressure (PAP) devices use different proprietary algorithms for sleep-disordered breathing event detection and response. Most device evaluations are based on clinical studies, which have obvious limitations. As a complementary approach, bench studies provide an analysis of algorithms in predefined conditions, which allows understanding contradictory results observed in clinical studies.

Influence of critical closing pressure on systemic vascular resistance and total arterial compliance: A clinical invasive study.

Background: Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and total arterial compliance (TAC) modulate systemic arterial load, and their product is the time constant (Tau) of the Windkessel. Previous studies have assumed that aortic pressure decays towards a pressure asymptote (P∞) close to 0mmHg, as right atrial pressure is considered the outflow pressure. Using these assumptions, aortic Tau values of ∼1.

Comparison of pulsed versus continuous oxygen delivery using realistic adult nasal airway replicas.

Background: Portable oxygen concentrators (POCs) typically include pulse flow (PF) modes to conserve oxygen. The primary aims of this study were to develop a predictive in vitro model for inhaled oxygen delivery using a set of realistic airway replicas, and to compare PF for a commercial POC with steady flow (SF) from a compressed oxygen cylinder.

Methods: Experiments were carried out using a stationary compressed oxygen cylinder, a POC, and 15 adult nasal airway replicas based on airway geometries derived from medical images.

An in silico analysis of oxygen uptake of a mild COPD patient during rest and exercise using a portable oxygen concentrator.

Oxygen treatment based on intermittent-flow devices with pulse delivery modes available from portable oxygen concentrators (POCs) depends on the characteristics of the delivered pulse such as volume, pulse width (the time of the pulse to be delivered), and pulse delay (the time for the pulse to be initiated from the start of inhalation) as well as a patient's breathing characteristics, disease state, and respiratory morphology. This article presents a physiological-based analysis of the performance, in terms of blood oxygenation, of a commercial POC at different settings using an in silico model of a COPD patient at rest and during exercise. The analysis encompasses experimental measurements of pulse volume, width, and time delay of the POC at three different settings and two breathing rates related to rest and exercise.

Pressure-Relief Features of Fixed and Autotitrating Continuous Positive Airway Pressure May Impair Their Efficacy: Evaluation with a Respiratory Bench Model.

Study Objectives: Pressure-relief features are aimed at improving the patient's comfort during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of these therapy features on fixed CPAP and autotitrating CPAP (APAP) treatment efficacy.

Methods: Seven pressure-relief features applied by three CPAP devices were included in our study (Remstar Auto: C-Flex 3, C-Flex+ 3, A-Flex 3, P-Flex; AirSense 10: EPR 3; Prisma 20A: SoftPAP 2 and 3).

Loss of Vascular Distensibility During Exercise Is an Early Hemodynamic Marker of Pulmonary Vascular Disease.

Background: Exercise can distend the normally compliant, thin-walled pulmonary vessels. Loss of distensibility has been suggested as an early marker of pulmonary vascular remodeling. We hypothesized that in mild pulmonary vascular disease (PVD), a reduction in vascular distensibility during exercise occurs prior to the development of overt resting pulmonary hypertension (PH).