The Use of Identified Hypoxia-related Genes to Generate Models for Predicting the Prognosis of Cerebral Ischemia‒reperfusion Injury and Developing Treatment Strategies.

Cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a type of secondary brain damage caused by reperfusion after ischemic stroke due to vascular obstruction. In this study, a CIRI diagnostic model was established by identifying hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes (HRDEGs) in patients with CIRI. The ischemia‒reperfusion injury (IRI)-related datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database ( http://www.

ACSwinNet: A Deep Learning-Based Rigid Registration Method for Head-Neck CT-CBCT Images in Image-Guided Radiotherapy.

Accurate and precise rigid registration between head-neck computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is crucial for correcting setup errors in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for head and neck tumors. However, conventional registration methods that treat the head and neck as a single entity may not achieve the necessary accuracy for the head region, which is particularly sensitive to radiation in radiotherapy. We propose ACSwinNet, a deep learning-based method for head-neck CT-CBCT rigid registration, which aims to enhance the registration precision in the head region.

Biosynthetic mechanisms of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in microalgae.

Marine microalgae are the primary producers of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as octadecapentaenoic acid (OPA, 18:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) for food chains. However, the biosynthetic mechanisms of these PUFAs in the algae remain elusive. To study how these fatty acids are synthesized in microalgae, a series of radiolabeled precursors were used to trace the biosynthetic process of PUFAs in Emiliania huxleyi.

Structural and functional analysis of plant ELO-like elongase for fatty acid elongation.

ELO-like elongase is a condensing enzyme elongating long chain fatty acids in eukaryotes. Eranthis hyemalis ELO-like elongase (EhELO1) is the first higher plant ELO-type elongase that is highly active in elongating a wide range of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and some monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). This study attempted using domain swapping and site-directed mutagenesis of EhELO1 and EhELO2, a close homologue of EhELO1 but with no apparent elongase activity, to elucidate the structural determinants critical for catalytic activity and substrate specificity.

Novel analysis of functional relationship linking moyamoya disease to moyamoya syndrome.

Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate the genetic pathways associated with Moyamoya disease (MMD) and Moyamoya syndrome (MMS), compare the functional activities, and validate relevant related genes in an independent dataset.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search for genetic studies on MMD and MMS across multiple databases and identified related genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichments analyses were performed for these genes.

A novel interaction between the 5' untranslated region of the Chikungunya virus genome and Musashi RNA binding protein is essential for efficient virus genome replication.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging, pathogenic alphavirus that is transmitted to humans by Aedesspp. mosquitoes-causing fever and debilitating joint pain, with frequent long-term health implications and high morbidity. The CHIKV replication cycle is poorly understood and specific antiviral therapeutics are lacking.

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a plastidial ω3 desaturase from .

is a marine microalga playing a significant ecological and biogeochemical role in oceans. It can produce several polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6-4,7,10,13,16,19) and octadecapentaenoic acid (OPA, 18:5-3,6,9,12,15), providing a primary source for nutritionally important ω3 PUFAs in the marine food chain. However, the biosynthesis of these PUFAs in this organism is not well understood.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

It remained debates on metabolic-related disorders in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) and essential hypertension (EH). A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to explore the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and the related indicators in PA and EH. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their commencement to December 2023 were searched for eligible studies.

Highly intrinsic carrier mobility in tin diselenide crystal accessed with ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy.

Tin diselenide (SnSe), a layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC), stands out among other TMDCs for its extraordinary photoactive ability and low thermal conductivity. Consequently, it has stimulated many influential researches on photodetectors, ultrafast pulse shaping, thermoelectric devices, etc. However, the carrier mobility in SnSe, as determined experimentally, remains limited to tens of cmVs.

Charge Transfer in Graphene-MoS Vertical Heterostructures Tuned by Stacking Order and Substrate-Introduced Electric Field.

Vertical van der Waals heterostructures composed of graphene (Gr) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have created a fascinating platform for exploring optical and electronic properties in the two-dimensional limit. Numerous studies have focused on Gr/TMDs heterostructures to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of charge-energy transfer, quasiparticle formation, and relaxation following optical excitation. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of interfacial charge separation and subsequent dynamics in graphene-based heterostructures remains elusive.

Preclinical characterization of a novel investigational monoclonal antibody CM313 with potent CD38-positive cell killing activity.

Introduction: CM313 is currently under clinical investigation for treatments of multiple myeloma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and immune thrombocytopenia. We aimed to report the preclinical profile of the novel therapeutic anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb) CM313, with an emphasis on the difference with other CD38-targeting mAb.

Methods: The binding of CM313 to CD38 recombinant protein across species was assessed using ELISA.

Comparison of saline infusion test and captopril challenge test in the diagnosis of Chinese with primary aldosteronism in different age groups.

Background: To explore the diagnostic accuracy and the optimal cutoff value between the saline infusion test (SIT) and captopril challenge test (CCT) [including the value and suppression of plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC)] for primary aldosteronism (PA) diagnosing.

Methods: A total of 318 patients with hypertension were consecutively enrolled, including 126 patients with PA and 192 patients with essential hypertension (EH), in this observational study. The characteristics of patients and laboratory examinations were collected and compared.

Effect of Accessory Renal Arteries on Essential Hypertension and Related Mechanisms.

Background: This case-control study aimed to determine whether there were differences between patients with essential hypertension with accessory renal arteries (ARAs) and those without ARAs.

Methods And Results: The enrolled patients with essential hypertension were divided into the ARA group (n=200) and control group without ARAs (n=238). After propensity matching, 394 patients (197 in each of the 2 groups), were included.

CuZnSnS (CZTS) for Photoelectrochemical CO Reduction: Efficiency, Selectivity, and Stability.

Massive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO) have caused environmental issues like global warming, which needs to be addressed. Researchers have developed numerous methods to reduce CO emissions. Among these, photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO reduction is a promising method for mitigating CO emissions.

A structural and functional analysis of opal stop codon translational readthrough during Chikungunya virus replication.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus, transmitted by species mosquitoes. The CHIKV single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome contains two open reading frames, coding for the non-structural (nsP) and structural proteins of the virus. The non-structural polyprotein precursor is proteolytically cleaved to generate nsP1-4.

Light-Assisted Lithium Metal Anode Enabled by In Situ Photoelectrochemical Engineering.

Rechargeable battery devices with high energy density are highly demanded by the modern society. The use of lithium (Li) anodes is extremely attractive for future rechargeable battery devices. However, the notorious Li dendritic and instability of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) issues pose series of challenge for metal anodes.

Cd-Free Pure Sulfide Kesterite Cu ZnSnS Solar Cell with Over 800 mV Open-Circuit Voltage Enabled by Phase Evolution Intervention.

The Cd-free Cu ZnSnS (CZTS) solar cell is an ideal candidate for producing low-cost clean energy through green materials owing to its inherent environmental friendliness and earth abundance. Nevertheless, sulfide CZTS has long suffered from severe open-circuit voltage (V ) deficits, limiting the full exploitation of performance potential and further progress. Here, an effective strategy is proposed to alleviate the nonradiative V loss by manipulating the phase evolution during the critical kesterite phase formation stage.

Photoelectrochemical Engineering for Light-Assisted Rechargeable Metal Batteries: Mechanism, Development, and Future.

Rechargeable battery devices with high energy density are highly demanded by  our  modern society. The use of metal anodes is extremely attractive for future rechargeable battery devices. However, the notorious metal dendritic and instability of solid electrolyte interface issues pose a series of challenges for metal anodes.

Computational-Guided Design of Photoelectrode Active Materials for Light-Assisted Energy Storage.

The design of a novel photoelectric integrated system is considered to be an efficient way to utilize and store inexhaustible solar energy. However, the mechanism of photoelectrode under illuminate conditions is still unclear. Density functional theory (DFT) provides standardized analysis and becomes a powerful way to explain the photoelectrochemical mechanism.

Bifacial and Semitransparent Sb (S,Se) Solar Cells for Single-Junction and Tandem Photovoltaic Applications.

Thin-film solar cells are expected to play a significant role in the space industry, building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV), indoor applications, and tandem solar cells, where bifaciality and semitransparency are highly desired. Sb (S,Se) has emerged as a promising new photovoltaic (PV) material for its high absorption coefficient, tunable bandgap, and nontoxic and earth-abundant constituents. However, high-efficiency Sb (S,Se) solar cells exclusively employ monofacial architectures, leaving a considerable gap toward large-scale application in aforementioned fields.

Bioinformatics analysis reveals the landscape of immune cell infiltration and novel immune-related biomarkers in moyamoya disease.

This study aimed to identify immune infiltration characteristics and new immunological diagnostic biomarkers in the cerebrovascular tissue of moyamoya disease (MMD) using bioinformatics analysis. GSE189993 and GSE141022 were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed gene and PPI analysis were performed.

Achieving High Performance Electrode for Energy Storage with Advanced Prussian Blue-Drived Nanocomposites-A Review.

Recently, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs)-based anode materials (oxides, sulfides, selenides, phosphides, borides, and carbides) have been extensively investigated in the field of energy conversion and storage. This is due to PBAs' unique properties, including high theoretical specific capacity, environmental friendly, and low cost. We thoroughly discussed the formation of PBAs in conjunction with other materials.

Risk factors for wound healing complications after revascularization for MMD with complete Y-shaped incision.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease that can be treated with revascularization. Surgery increases the risk of poor wound healing (PWH) due to the impact on the blood supply to the flap. We aimed to analyze risk factors for PWH in MMD with a complete Y-shaped incision.

Ultrafast Photocarrier Dynamics in Vertically Aligned SnS Nanoflakes Probing with Transient Terahertz Spectroscopy.

By employing optical pump Terahertz (THz) probe spectroscopy, ultrafast photocarrier dynamics of a two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor, SnS nanoflake film, has been investigated systematically at room temperature. The dynamics of photoexcitation is strongly related to the density of edge sites and defects in the SnS nanoflakes, which is controllable by adjusting the height of vertically aligned SnS during chemical vapor deposition growth. After photoexcitation at 400 nm, the transient THz photoconductivity response of the films can be well fitted with bi-exponential decay function.