Responses of Persons Living With Dementia to Caregiver Validating Communication: A Secondary Analysis.

Good communication between persons living with dementia and their caregivers is one important consideration when fostering a positive relationship and improving the effectiveness of care. Care can be a challenge if the person living with dementia does not feel understood or fails to cooperate with care. The individual may feel disrespected and may resist assistance.

Predictors of testosterone in zoo-managed male African elephants (Loxodonta Africana).

Reproductive complications for both male and female zoo-managed African elephants (Loxodonta africana) contribute to the rapidly declining population. In zoo-managed bull elephants, few studies have explored the potential physiological, physical, social, and environmental factors that influence bull fertility, particularly, androgen production. Testosterone is the essential steroid hormone for male sexual maturation and inadequate concentrations can be detrimental for spermatogenesis.

Loss of TDP-43 in male germ cells causes meiotic failure and impairs fertility in mice.

Meiotic arrest is a common cause of human male infertility, but the causes of this arrest are poorly understood. Transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is highly expressed in spermatocytes in the preleptotene and pachytene stages of meiosis. TDP-43 is linked to several human neurodegenerative disorders wherein its nuclear clearance accompanied by cytoplasmic aggregates underlies neurodegeneration.