Multimodal vaccination targeting the receptor binding domains of toxins A and B with an attenuated Typhimurium vector (YS1646) protects mice from lethal challenge.

Developing a vaccine against is a key strategy to protect the elderly. Two candidate vaccines using a traditional approach of intramuscular (IM) delivery of recombinant antigens targeting toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB) failed to meet their primary endpoints in large phase 3 trials. To elicit a mucosal response against , we repurposed an attenuated strain of Typhimurium (YS1646) to deliver the receptor binding domains (rbd) of TcdA and TcdB to the gut-associated lymphoid tissues, to elicit a mucosal response against .

Fecal host biomarkers predicting severity of Clostridioides difficile infection.

Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of health care-associated diarrhea. Severity ranges from mild to life-threatening, but this variability remains poorly understood. Microbiologic diagnosis of C.

Vaccination against by Use of an Attenuated Serovar Typhimurium Vector (YS1646) Protects Mice from Lethal Challenge.

disease is mediated primarily by toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB, respectively). The receptor binding domains (RBD) of TcdA and TcdB are immunogenic, and anti-RBD antibodies are protective. Since these toxins act locally, an optimal vaccine would generate both systemic and mucosal responses.

A Single Intramuscular Dose of a Plant-Made Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Elicits a Balanced Humoral and Cellular Response and Protects Young and Aged Mice from Influenza H1N1 Virus Challenge despite a Modest/Absent Humoral Response.

Virus-like-particle (VLP) influenza vaccines can be given intramuscularly (i.m.) or intranasally (i.

AS03-Adjuvanted, Very-Low-Dose Influenza Vaccines Induce Distinctive Immune Responses Compared to Unadjuvanted High-Dose Vaccines in BALB/c Mice.

During the 2009-2010 influenza pandemic, an adjuvanted, dose-sparing vaccine was recommended for most Canadians. We hypothesize that differences exist in the responses to AS03-adjuvanted, low antigen (Ag) dose versus unadjuvanted, full-dose vaccines. We investigated the relationship between Ag dose and the oil-in-water emulsion Adjuvant System AS03.