Accessibility of Naloxone in Pharmacies Registered Under the Illinois Standing Order.

Introduction: To expand access to naloxone, the state of Illinois implemented a standing order allowing registered pharmacies to dispense the drug without an individual prescription. To participate under the standing order, pharmacies were required to opt in through a formal registration process. In our study we aimed to evaluate the availability and price of naloxone at registered pharmacies.

Pelvic examination under anesthesia by learners at the time of abortion: Who accepts and who declines?

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of and factors correlated with accepting a pelvic examination under anesthesia (EUA) by learners at the time of surgical abortion.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review assessing the prevalence of and comparing factors associated with accepting EUA by learners at the time of abortion.

Results: Most (88%) of the 274 patients accepted EUA by learners.

Consent for Examinations Under Anesthesia With Learners at the Time of Abortion: Physician Perspectives.

Introduction: Although obtaining specific consent for examinations under anesthesia with learners is recommended by major professional organizations and mandated by many state laws and institutions, it is not practiced universally. We sought to investigate physicians' experiences using a formalized process to obtain consent from patients presenting for surgical abortions under anesthesia for pelvic examinations with learners.

Methods: Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with residents, fellows, and faculty who work or have rotated in a single family planning clinic after the clinic introduced this consent process.

Breaching Trust: A Qualitative Study of Healthcare Experiences of People Who Use Drugs in a Rural Setting.

Increased drug use has disproportionately impacted rural areas across the U.S. People who use drugs are at risk of overdose and other medical complications, including infectious diseases.

Rural risk environments, opioid-related overdose, and infectious diseases: A multidimensional, spatial perspective.

Background: Much remains unknown in rural risk environments, despite a growing crisis in these areas. We adapt a risk environment framework to characterize rural southern Illinois and describe the relations of risk environments, opioid-related overdose, HIV, Hepatitis C, and sexually transmitted infection rates between 2015 and 2017.

Methods: Over two dozen risk environment variables are summarized across zip-code (n = 128) or county levels (n = 16) based on availability and theoretical relevance.

Social norms associated with nonmedical opioid use in rural communities: a systematic review.

Prescription and illicit opioids were involved in over 42,000 deaths in the USA in 2016. Rural counties experience higher rates of opioid prescribing and, although opioid prescribing rates have fallen in recent years, the rate of decline is less in rural areas. The sociocultural context of rural life may impact opioid misuse in important ways; however, little research directly explores this possibility.

Identifying Areas with Disproportionate Local Health Department Services Relative to Opioid Overdose, HIV and Hepatitis C Diagnosis Rates: A Study of Rural Illinois.

U.S. rural populations have been disproportionately affected by the syndemic of opioid-use disorder (OUD) and the associated increase in overdoses and risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission.

A Comparative Effectiveness Study of Two Nontargeted HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Screening Algorithms in an Urban Emergency Department.

Study Objective: We compare the effectiveness of 2 nontargeted HIV and hepatitis C virus screening protocols integrated consecutively into care in an urban emergency department: a nurse-order HIV/hepatitis C virus screening algorithm followed by an automated-laboratory-order HIV/hepatitis C virus screening algorithm programmed into the electronic health record.

Methods: This was a before-after comparative effectiveness cohort study. All patients aged 18 to 75 years who received treatment during 5-month periods were eligible for participation.