Symptoms of Depression, Eating Disorders, and Binge Eating in Adolescents With Obesity: The Fast Track to Health Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Depression and eating disorders are heightened for adolescents with obesity. Clinical reviews alongside self-report questionnaires are important to ensure appropriate intervention.

Objective: To evaluate changes in self-report symptoms of depression, eating disorders, and binge eating in adolescents with obesity during the Fast Track to Health trial.

Intermittent Energy Restriction for Adolescents With Obesity: The Fast Track to Health Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Adolescent obesity requires effective and accessible treatment. Intensive dietary interventions have the potential to be used as adjunctive therapy for behavioral weight management.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of 2 diet therapies, delivered as part of an intensive behavioral weight management intervention, in adolescents with metabolic complications associated with obesity.

Body composition changes and their relationship with obstructive sleep apnoea symptoms, severity: The Sleeping Well Trial.

Background & Aims: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and obesity share a complex bi-directional relationship as location of body fat and changes in regional body composition may be more important for OSA improvement than changes in total body weight only. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 6-month weight loss intervention for adults newly diagnosed with moderate-severe OSA and obesity on regional body composition. The secondary aims evaluated the relationship between changes in OSA symptoms and severity and anthropometry and regional body composition during the first 12-months after commencing CPAP and explored differences in outcomes between males and females.

Participant recruitment for paediatric research using social media: A practical 'how-to' guide for researchers.

Aim: Social media platforms are being increasingly used to support participant recruitment into paediatric health-related research. This study aimed to develop a multi-phase approach for using social media as a recruitment strategy for paediatric research studies.

Methods: The process was informed by the authors' prior experiences recruiting for paediatric obesity-related research studies, expertise in social media marketing and digital participant/ patient recruitment.

Transcriptomic Differences Between Monozygotic Adolescent Twins Discordant For Metabolic Syndrome Following Weight Loss: A Case Study.

This case reports peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptomic changes in a pair of male monozygotic pediatric twins with metabolic syndrome (MetS) undertaking assisted weight loss. These 14-year-old boys presented with similar baseline biochemistry and body composition. After a 16-week weight-loss intervention, percent body weight loss was similar (Twin A 12%, and Twin B 13%).

A 12-month weight loss intervention in adults with obstructive sleep apnoea: is timing important? A step wedge randomised trial.

Background/objectives: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) concomitant with weight loss is a recommended treatment approach for adults with moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and obesity. This requires multiple synchronous behaviour changes. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a 6-month lifestyle intervention and to determine whether the timing of starting a weight loss attempt affects weight change and trajectory after 12 months in adults newly diagnosed with moderate-severe OSA and treated at home with overnight CPAP.

Selenotranscriptome Network in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Observational studies indicate that selenium may contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Transcriptomic exploration of the aetiology and progression of NAFLD may offer insight into the role selenium plays in this disease. This study compared gene expression levels of known selenoprotein pathways between individuals with a healthy liver to those with NAFLD.

Transcriptomic changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with weight loss: systematic literature review and primary data synthesis.

Background And Objectives: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have shown promise as a tissue sensitive to subtle and possibly systemic transcriptomic changes, and as such may be useful in identifying responses to weight loss interventions. The primary aim was to comprehensively evaluate the transcriptomic changes that may occur during weight loss and to determine if there is a consistent response across intervention types in human populations of all ages.

Methods: Included studies were randomised control trials or cohort studies that administered an intervention primarily designed to decrease weight in any overweight or obese human population.

Fast track to health - Intermittent energy restriction in adolescents with obesity. A randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Background: Intermittent energy restriction (IER) has shown early success in adolescents with obesity, however efficacy trials are needed. This study aims to determine if IER results in lower body mass index (BMI) z-score after 52 weeks in metabolically unhealthy adolescents with obesity compared with continuous energy restriction (CER).

Methods/design: This is a prospective, randomised, multi-centre trial conducted in tertiary care settings, with three phases: jumpstart (weeks 0-4); intensive intervention (weeks 5-16); continued intervention and/or maintenance (weeks 17-52).

Measuring Self-Esteem Changes in Children and Adolescents Affected by Overweight or Obesity: A Scoping Review of Instruments Currently Used in Multicomponent Weight-Management Interventions.

Children and adolescents affected by overweight or obesity are at risk of greater declines in self-esteem than healthy-weight individuals. Participation in multicomponent weight-management programs can positively influence self-esteem in children and adolescents affected by overweight or obesity; however, the variety of questionnaires used to assess self-esteem makes it difficult to compare changes across and identify effective interventions. This review identified and critically examined questionnaires currently used for monitoring self-esteem in children and adolescents.

Reliability of Compartmental Body Composition Measures in Weight-Stable Adults Using GE iDXA: Implications for Research and Practice.

The aim of this study was to explore the reliability and precision of body compartment measures, in particular visceral adipose tissue, in weight stable adults over a range of BMIs using GE-Lunar iDXA. Weight-stable participants aged 18⁻65 years had a total body composition scan on GE-Lunar iDXA either on three separate occasions over a three month period ( = 51), or on a single occasion for duplicate scans with repositioning ( = 30). The coefficient of variation (CV%) and least significant change (LSC) of body compartments were calculated.

Comparison of a Bioelectrical Impedance Device against the Reference Method Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Anthropometry for the Evaluation of Body Composition in Adults.

This study aimed to compare the use of the bioelectrical impedance device (BIA) seca mBCA 515 using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a reference method, for body composition assessment in adults across the spectrum of body mass indices. It explores the utility of simple anthropometric measures (the waist height ratio (WHtR) and waist circumference (WC)) for the assessment of obesity. In the morning after an overnight fast (10 h), 30 participants underwent a body composition DXA (GE iDXA) scan, BIA (seca 515), and anthropometric measures.

Sleeping Well Trial: Increasing the effectiveness of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure using a weight management program in overweight adults with obstructive sleep apnoea-A stepped wedge randomised trial protocol.

Background: The majority of adults diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are overweight or obese. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most common effective therapy for OSA. However, adherence declines over time with only 50% of patients prescribed CPAP continuing to use it long term.

Genetic Variations as Modifying Factors to Dietary Zinc Requirements-A Systematic Review.

Due to reduced cost and accessibility, the use of genetic testing has appealed to health professionals for personalising nutrition advice. However, translation of the evidence linking polymorphisms, dietary requirements, and pathology risk proves to be challenging for nutrition and dietetic practitioners. Zinc status and polymorphisms of genes coding for zinc-transporters have been associated with chronic diseases.