Development of non-pulmonary soft-tissue metastasis is not a poor prognostic indicator in dogs with metastatic appendicular osteosarcoma.

Objectives: To evaluate whether patient factors affect development of non-pulmonary soft-tissue metastases following treatment of canine appendicular osteosarcoma and to report and compare outcomes to those in dogs with pulmonary or osseous metastases.

Animals And Procedure: The records of 3 veterinary teaching hospitals were reviewed to identify dogs that received definitive treatment for a primary appendicular osteosarcoma lesion and chemotherapy between January 2010 and June 2022. Dogs with non-pulmonary metastases following initial treatment were included.

Early progression during or after cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy indicates poor outcome with rescue protocols in dogs with multicentric lymphoma.

Background: Dogs with lymphoma that fail cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy (CHOP) before completion of their protocol are commonly thought to have poor long-term outcome, but no previous studies have evaluated the effect of early relapse on progression-free interval (PFI) or overall survival time (OST) for patients undergoing rescue chemotherapy.

Objective: Correlate rescue treatment outcomes in dogs with multicentric lymphoma with outcomes after 1st-line CHOP chemotherapy.

Methods: Data were collected from 6 previous retrospective or prospective studies in 187 dogs with multicentric lymphoma that received 1st-line CHOP chemotherapy and then received either lomustine (CCNU), L-asparaginase and prednisone (LAP), or rabacfosadine (RAB, Tanovea), with or without prednisone or L-asparaginase.

Computed tomographic features of exocrine pancreatic carcinomas in dogs and cats.

Exocrine pancreatic carcinomas are uncommon in dogs and cats, and diagnosis with diagnostic imaging can be challenging. This retrospective, multi-institutional, descriptive study was performed to evaluate the CT features of exocrine pancreatic carcinomas. The CT examinations of 18 dogs and 12 cats with exocrine pancreatic carcinomas diagnosed by cytology or histopathology were reviewed.

Retrospective evaluation of toceranib phosphate (Palladia) in the treatment of canine carcinomatosis and mesothelioma.

Canine carcinomatosis (CC) and mesothelioma (CM) are rare but aggressive neoplasms that historically have been associated with poor prognoses. There is limited information regarding treatment for CC and CM. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of toceranib phosphate (Palladia) in dogs with CC and CM.

Multi-institutional retrospective study of canine foot pad malignant melanomas: 20 cases.

Melanomas arising from the foot pad are a rare clinical entity in dogs. The biologic behaviour of foot pad malignant melanoma is not well understood, and these tumours are infrequently described. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of primary canine foot pad melanoma in a larger cohort of patients.

Clinical outcomes of thyroid tumours with concurrent epithelial and mesenchymal components in 14 dogs (2006-2020).

Background: While rare, multiple individual case reports have described mixed thyroid tumours in dogs containing both epithelial and mesenchymal neoplastic components.

Objectives: In this retrospective case series, we describe the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of 14 dogs of canine thyroid tumours with concurrent mesenchymal and epithelial neoplastic populations.

Methods: Fourteen cases were retrospectively abstracted from nine institutions.

A Retrospective Evaluation of Chemotherapy Overdoses in Dogs and Cats.

Chemotherapy overdoses (ODs) are severe complications that can occur following the use of antineoplastics. However, little is known about chemotherapy ODs in veterinary medicine. The goals of this retrospective study were to report the occurrence, type, and cause of known chemotherapy ODs in companion animal medicine.

Feline cutaneous lymphoma: an evaluation of disease presentation and factors affecting response to treatment.

Objectives: The primary goal of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation of feline cutaneous lymphoma. The secondary aims included determining if treatment or initial response to treatment affected the overall survival of patients, and understanding if disease characteristics such as immunophenotype, cell size or the presence of epitheliotropism influenced response to treatment.

Methods: Veterinary medical oncologists at four academic veterinary teaching hospitals submitted cases of feline patients with cutaneous lymphoma diagnosed by histopathology or cytology.

Clinical outcome and prognostic factors in dogs with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A retrospective study.

Background: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (BCLL) in dogs generally is considered an indolent disease, but previous studies indicate a wide range in survival times.

Objectives: We hypothesized that BCLL has a heterogeneous clinical course, similar to chronic lymphocytic leukemia in humans. We aimed to assess presentation and outcome in dogs with BCLL and evaluate the prognostic relevance of clinical and flow cytometric factors.

A case of canine renal lymphoma of granular lymphocytes with severe polycythemia.

Background: Renal lymphoma in dogs is rare and has a poor prognosis. Granular lymphocyte morphology is rarely reported in canine renal lymphoma. Mild to moderate polycythemia is reported in a number of canine renal lymphoma cases.

Adjuvant Sirolimus Does Not Improve Outcome in Pet Dogs Receiving Standard-of-Care Therapy for Appendicular Osteosarcoma: A Prospective, Randomized Trial of 324 Dogs.

Purpose: The mTOR pathway has been identified as a key nutrient signaling hub that participates in metastatic progression of high-grade osteosarcoma. Inhibition of mTOR signaling is biologically achievable with sirolimus, and might slow the outgrowth of distant metastases. In this study, pet dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma were leveraged as high-value biologic models for pediatric osteosarcoma, to assess mTOR inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for attenuating metastatic disease progression.

Fasting reduces the incidence of vincristine-associated adverse events in dogs.

Fasting has been shown to decrease chemotherapy-associated adverse events (AEs), in part through insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) reduction, and may induce a protective effect on normal cells during chemotherapy treatment in mice and people. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fasting on constitutional, bone marrow and gastrointestinal (GI) AEs, and serum glucose, IGF-1 and insulin levels in dogs receiving vincristine. The study was a prospective, crossover clinical trial in tumour-bearing dogs.

Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (VCOG-CTCAE v2) following investigational therapy in dogs and cats.

The updated VCOG-CTCAE v2 guidelines contain several important updates and additions since the last update (v1.1) was released in 2011 and published within Veterinary and Comparative Oncology in 2016. As the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group (VCOG) is no longer an active entity, the original authors and contributors to the VCOG-CTCAE v1.

Ecological level analysis of primary lung tumors in dogs and cats and environmental radon activity.

Background: Epidemiologic studies suggest residential radon exposure might increase the risk of primary lung cancer in people, but these studies are limited by subject mobility. This limitation might be overcome by evaluating the association in pets.

Hypothesis: Primary pulmonary neoplasia (PPN) rate is higher in dogs and cats residing in counties with a high radon exposure risk (Environmental Protection Agency [EPA] zone 1) compared to zones 2 (moderate radon exposure risk) and 3 (low radon exposure risk).

Prospective evaluation of the lymph node proteome in dogs with multicentric lymphoma supplemented with sulforaphane.

Background: Lymphoma (LSA) is a common malignancy in dogs. Epigenetic changes are linked to LSA pathogenesis and poor prognosis in humans, and LSA pathogenesis in dogs. Sulforaphane (SFN), an epigenetic-targeting compound, has recently gained interest in relation to cancer prevention and therapy.

Nasal adenocarcinoma as a suspected secondary malignant neoplasm in a cat previously treated for nasal lymphoma.

Case Summary: A case of nasal adenocarcinoma as a suspected secondary malignant neoplasm following definitive radiation therapy and multiagent chemotherapy for nasal lymphoma is described. An 11-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented for a 3-week history of progressive facial swelling located over the nasal planum and extending to the medial canthus of the right eye. The cat was previously diagnosed with nasal lymphoma and treated with chemotherapy and definitive radiation 2.

Immunophenotypic characterization and clinical outcome in cats with lymphocytosis.

Background: Lymphocytosis is relatively common in cats, but few studies describe lymphocyte populations or the clinical course associated with different immunophenotypic expansions.

Hypothesis/objectives: We hypothesized that cats frequently develop non-neoplastic lymphocytosis and that different neoplastic immunophenotypes have variable prognoses. We aimed to characterize the lymphocyte expansions in a large population of cats with lymphocytosis and to assess clinical presentation and outcome in a subset.

Cutaneous and subcutaneous metastasis of appendicular osteosarcoma in dogs: 20 cases.

Background: Metastasis of appendicular osteosarcoma is most common to the lungs and is generally considered a terminal event in dogs. Behavior and prognosis associated with cutaneous or subcutaneous metastases (CSM) is poorly defined.

Objective: Describe the population and gather prognostic information regarding appendicular osteosarcoma with CSM in dogs.

Canine myxosarcomas, a retrospective analysis of 32 dogs (2003-2018).

Background: Myxosarcomas are known to be classified as soft tissue sarcomas. However, there is limited clinical characterization pertaining specifically to canine cutaneous myxosarcomas in the literature. The objective of this study is to evaluate the local recurrence rate, metastatic rate and prognosis of canine myxosarcoma.

Long-term outcomes of dogs undergoing surgical resection of mast cell tumors and soft tissue sarcomas: A prospective 2-year-long study.

Objective: Report clinical outcomes of dogs with surgically excised mast cell tumors (MCT) and soft tissue sarcomas (STS).

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Sample Population: Fifty-three dogs with 52 MCT (50 low grade, 2 high grade) and 19 STS (12 grade I, 6 grade II, 1 grade III).

Retrospective analysis of doxorubicin and prednisone as first-line therapy for canine B-cell lymphoma.

Background: A doxorubicin (DOX)-based chemotherapy protocol, CHOP, is the most effective treatment for canine high-grade B-cell lymphoma; however, the cost and time requirements associated with this protocol are not feasible for many pet owners. An alternative treatment option is the use of DOX, the most effective drug, in combination with prednisone. Prior studies with single-agent DOX included dogs with T-cell lymphoma, a known negative prognostic factor, which may have resulted in shorter reported survival times than if dogs with B-cell lymphoma were analyzed separately.

A case of canine high-grade T-cell lymphoma immunophenotypically consistent with T-zone lymphoma.

A 9-year-old spayed female Curly Coated Retriever was referred for evaluation of generalized peripheral lymphadenomegaly. The dog was clinically healthy on presentation with no anomalies detected on complete blood count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, or three-view thoracic radiographs. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and cytology of the peripheral lymph nodes were consistent with lymphoma with an intermediate-sized lymphoid population.

Post-surgical outcome and prognostic factors in canine malignant melanomas of the haired skin: 87 cases (2003-2015).

The medical records of 87 dogs treated with surgery for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) of the haired skin were retrospectively reviewed for overall survival time (OST), progression-free survival time (PFS), and prognostic factors. The post-surgery median PFS and median OST were 1282 days and 1363 days, respectively. The post-surgery metastatic rate was 21.

Sulforaphane absorption and histone deacetylase activity following single dosing of broccoli sprout supplement in normal dogs.

The role of epigenetic alterations during cancer has gained increasing attention and has resulted in a paradigm shift in our understanding of mechanisms leading to cancer susceptibility. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate derived from the precursor glucosinolate, glucoraphanin (GFN), which is found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli. Sulforaphane has been shown to suppress tumour growth by several mechanisms including inhibiting histone deacetylases.