Mitochondrial mechanisms in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders.

Chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders characterized by prolonged muscle inflammation, resulting in enduring pain and diminished functionality, pose significant challenges for the patients. Emerging scientific evidence points to mitochondrial malfunction as a pivotal factor contributing to these ailments. Mitochondria play a critical role in powering skeletal muscle activity, but in the context of persistent inflammation, disruptions in their quantity, configuration, and performance have been well-documented.

Accelerating the speed of innovative anti-tumor drugs to first-in-human trials incorporating key de-risk strategies.

Pharmaceutical companies have recently focused on accelerating the timeline for initiating first-in-human (FIH) trials to allow quick assessment of biologic drugs. For example, a stable cell pool can be used to produce materials for the toxicology (Tox) study, reducing time to the clinic by 4-5 months. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the anti-COVID drugs timeline from DNA transfection to the clinical stage was decreased to 6 months using a stable pool to generate a clinical drug substrate (DS) with limited stability, virus clearance, and Tox study package.

Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair In Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Propensity Score Matching Study With Minimum 2-Year Follow-up.

Background: Although the effectiveness of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) for structural and functional outcomes has been widespread proven, few researchers investigated the impact of ARCR on patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD), which may have previously been viewed as a relative contraindication to ARCR.

Methods: Data were collected retrospectively for all patients who underwent ARCR for small- to large-sized rotator cuff tears between September 2014 and May 2019. Patients were eligible for the study if they indicated that they diagnosed with rotator cuff repair and had minimum 2-year postoperative outcome scores for the range of motion (ROM), the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC), the Constant-Murley Score (CMS), the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain.

Simultaneous or Staged Bilateral Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: An Observational Study of Intraoperative and Postoperative Outcomes.

Background: Bilateral arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is frequently performed in patients with symptomatic bilateral rotator cuff tears.

Purpose: To compare patient-reported outcomes and mobility between simultaneous and staged bilateral ARCR.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Intra-articular Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined With Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Improves Clinical Outcomes and Minimal Joint Space Width Compared With High Tibial Osteotomy Alone in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Study.

Purpose: To compare the clinical efficacy of the patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis who underwent either opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy alone (HTO) or simultaneous HTO and pure platelet-rich plasma therapy (HTO+P-PRP).

Methods: Eighty patients were divided into 2 groups randomly, the HTO-alone group (n = 41) and the HTO+P-PRP group (n = 39). Patients were matched for preoperative age, sex, and body mass index.

Development and Validation of a Simplified Chinese Version and a Face-Scale Version of the Oxford Shoulder Score: A 2-Center Prospective Study.

Background: There has not yet been a pictorial version of a patient-reported outcome measure for shoulder pain.

Purpose: To translate the English version of the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) to a simplified Chinese version (SC-OSS) and to validate a new face-scale version of the OSS (FS-OSS), while investigating cross-cultural adaptation, validation, and reproducibility of both versions in patients with shoulder pain.

Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.

Fatigue Crack Growth and Fracture of Internal Fixation Materials in In Vivo Environments-A Review.

The development of crack patterns is a serious problem affecting the durability of orthopedic implants and the prognosis of patients. This issue has gained considerable attention in the medical community in recent years. This literature focuses on the five primary aspects relevant to the evaluation of the surface cracking patterns, i.

A clinical study of shoulder arthroscopic rotator cuff repair on the psychological function of patients after operation.

Background: Recently, psychological function in patients who underwent rotator cuff repair has been emphasized. However, the relationship of psychological function and clinical outcomes after rotator cuff repair is still poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the impact of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair on psychological status.

Hundreds of rice bodies in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa: report of two cases and literature review.

Background: Multiple rice bodies (RB) in the shoulder joint is a rare disorder of unknown etiology that requires percutaneous drainage or surgical operation.

Case Presentation: We reported arthroscopic removal of hundreds of RB in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa in two cases by our "chopsticks technique". One was associated with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and the other was a rare synovial origin possibly due to microinfarction and ischemia after the radiotherapy.

Relationship between the lateral acromion angle and postoperative persistent pain of distal clavicle fracture treated with clavicle hook plate.

Background: The clavicular hook plate is an accepted surgical procedure for distal clavicle fractures. The relationship of the characteristics of the hook plate, acromioclavicular joint and acromion morphology, and clinical outcome has remained poorly understood. We reviewed the clinical records of patients who had distal clavicle fractures with different lateral acromion angles treated using a clavicle hook plate and evaluated their clinical outcomes with respect to shoulder pain and acromial morphology.

Which implant is better for beginners to learn to treat geriatric intertrochanteric femur fractures: A randomised controlled trial of surgeons, metalwork, and patients.

Background: We wondered whether the third-generation gamma nail-3 (GN-3) was better for junior surgeons to learn to treat geriatric intertrochanteric femur fractures than proximal femoral nail antirotation-II (PFNA-II).

Methods: This is a prospective randomised study of 350 patients who underwent GN-3 fixation and PFNA-II carried out by junior orthopaedic trauma surgeons from January 2011 February 2017. We compared nail positioning, complication rates, operative and fluoroscopy time, blood transfused, time to mobilisation, hospital stay, fracture union, mismatch, mortality and postoperative outcomes.

Compressing Deep Neural Networks With Sparse Matrix Factorization.

Modern deep neural networks (DNNs) are usually overparameterized and composed of a large number of learnable parameters. One of a few effective solutions attempts to compress DNN models via learning sparse weights and connections. In this article, we follow this line of research and present an alternative framework of learning sparse DNNs, with the assistance of matrix factorization.

Comparison of clinical and patient-reported outcomes of three procedures for recurrent anterior shoulder instability: arthroscopic Bankart repair, capsular shift, and open Latarjet.

Background: Best surgical of recurrent anterior shoulder instability remained controversial. We knew little about the superiority and choice between traditional open and modern arthroscopic techniques. We hypothesized that outcomes of all patients will be similar regardless of surgical technique.

Metamaterial-inspired compact optical coating for broadband polarization beam splitting.

A metal-dielectric is designed and fabricated as a compact polarization beam splitter. High p-polarized transmission is achieved by admittance matching, which is developed using a normalized admittance diagram. High s-polarized reflection is achieved with a metal-like equivalent s-polarized admittance which real part is much smaller than its imaginary part.

Review of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty in China.

Study Design: Review article.

Objective: The article mainly reviewed the development and current situation of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in China, aiming to introduce native efforts and progress for PKP procedure on the exploring road.

Summary Of Background Data: Since PKP was first reported in China in 2002, Chinese orthopedic researchers have performed lots of clinical applications and studies on the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, spinal metastatic tumor, hemangioma, myeloma, vertebral nonunion, and so on.

Three-Year Follow-up of Conservative Treatments of Shoulder Osteoarthritis in Older Patients.

Little is known about the mid-term results of nonsurgical treatment for shoulder osteoarthritis (OA), especially in a Chinese population. This study sought to determine the efficacy of nonsurgical management in older patients with shoulder OA. A total of 129 conservatively treated unilateral shoulder OA patients who were older than 65 years were evaluated prospectively at the initial office visit and then subsequently at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months later.