Unveiling the environmental impact of tire wear particles and the associated contaminants: A comprehensive review of environmental and health risk.

This review offers a novel perspective on the environmental fate and ecotoxicological effects of tire wear particles (TWPs), ubiquitous environmental contaminants ranging in size from micrometers to millimeters (averaging 10-100 micrometers). These particles pose a growing threat due to their complex chemical composition and potential toxicity. Human exposure primarily occurs through inhalation, ingesting contaminated food and water, and dermal contact.

Exploring the causal relationship between plasma lipids and varicose veins of lower extremity: A comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Varicose veins of the lower extremities (VVs) is a common chronic vascular disease, with high prevalence rates in some countries; however, their pathogenesis remains unclear. Some studies have identified associations between changes in specific plasma lipid molecules, such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and sphingomyelin (SM), and the onset of VVs, but due to confounders and reverse causality, the causal relationship remains unclear. Meanwhile, studies on the potential link between other plasma lipids beyond PE, PC, and SM and the risk of VVs in the lower extremities are lacking.

Target and Suspect Screening for Organic Additives in Six Classifications of Personal Care Products Using Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Personal care products (PCPs) are integral components of daily human existence, including a large number of chemicals intentionally added for functional attributes (e.g., preservatives and fragrances) or unintentionally present, such as plasticizers.

Development and validation of T-ARMS-PCR to detect CYP2C19*17 allele.

Background: CYP2C19*17 (rs12248560) is a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CYP2C19 gene. It has been shown that CYP2C19*17 is associated with the clinical outcome of some drugs metabolized by CYP2C19 and a decreased risk of some diseases. The aim of this study was to develop a reliable and simple method to detect this polymorphism.

Establishment and in-house validation of simplex and duplex PCR methods for event-specific detection of maize SYN-E3272-5 using a new reference molecule.

Despite rapid developments in the detection techniques for genetically modified organisms (GMOs), the event-specific PCR method with high specificity is still the most used technique. In this study, event-specific simplex and duplex qualitative and quantitative detection systems were developed targeting the 3' insertion site of GM maize SYN-E3272-5 (3272) construct. A reference molecule p3272 was constructed to act as positive control and as calibrator for quantitative analysis.

Simplex and duplex polymerase chain reaction analysis of Herculex RW (59122) maize based on one reference molecule including separated fragments of 5' integration site and endogenous gene.

Reference molecules, as positive controls and calibrators, have been recently developed in genetically modified organism analysis as a potential substitute for reference materials derived from plant raw materials. In this study, a novel reference molecule p59122, including the revealed 5' integration sequence of maize Herculex RW (59122), was constructed that was suitable for simplex and duplex event-specific qualitative and quantitative PCR detections. The LOD values were 10 copies both for simplex and duplex qualitative PCR when p59122 was used as the calibrator.

GMDD: a database of GMO detection methods.

Background: Since more than one hundred events of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been developed and approved for commercialization in global area, the GMO analysis methods are essential for the enforcement of GMO labelling regulations. Protein and nucleic acid-based detection techniques have been developed and utilized for GMOs identification and quantification. However, the information for harmonization and standardization of GMO analysis methods at global level is needed.