Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound and Concussion-Supplemental Symptoms with Physiology: A Systematic Review.

Sport-related concussion (SRC) can impair the cerebrovasculature both acutely and chronically. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound assessment has the potential to illuminate the mechanisms of impairment and provide an objective evaluation of SRC. The current systematic review investigated studies employing TCD ultrasound assessment of intracranial arteries across three broad categories of cerebrovascular regulation: neurovascular coupling (NVC), cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), and dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA).

Adolescent Sport-Related Concussion and the Associated Neurophysiological Changes: A Systematic Review.

Background: Sport-related concussion (SRC) has been shown to induce cerebral neurophysiological deficits, quantifiable with electroencephalography (EEG). As the adolescent brain is undergoing rapid neurodevelopment, it is fundamental to understand both the short- and long-term ramifications SRC may have on neuronal functioning. The current systematic review sought to amalgamate the literature regarding both acute/subacute (≤28 days) and chronic (>28 days) effects of SRC in adolescents via EEG and the diagnostic accuracy of this tool.

Time-course recovery of cerebral blood velocity metrics post aerobic exercise: a systematic review.

Currently, the standard approach for restricting exercise prior to cerebrovascular data collection varies widely between 6 and 24 h. This universally employed practice is a conservative approach to safeguard physiological alterations that could potentially confound one's study design. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to amalgamate the existing literature examining the extent and duration of postexercise alterations in cerebrovascular function, measured via transcranial Doppler ultrasound.

Does oscillation size matter? Impact of added resistance on the cerebral pressure-flow Relationship in females and males.

Sinusoidal squat-stand maneuvers (SSM) without resistance have been shown to produce ~30-50 mmHg swings in mean arterial pressure which are largely buffered in the brain via dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA). This study aimed to further elucidate how this regulatory mechanism is affected during SSM with added resistance (~20% bodyweight). Twenty-five participants (sex/gender: 13 females/12 males) completed two bouts of 5-min SSM for both bodyweight and resistance conditions (10% bodyweight in each arm) at frequencies of 0.

Sex differences in autonomic recovery following repeated sinusoidal resistance exercise.

A simple bodyweight squat is sufficient to cause substantial stress on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) via ~30-50 mmHg blood pressure (BP) oscillations. However, it is unknown to the extent of the ANS is impacted during and immediately following bodyweight and resistance squat-stand maneuvers (SSM) while considering chromosomal sex. Thirteen females and twelve males performed four, 5-minute bouts of squat-stand maneuvers (SSM); two at 0.

Physical activity following sport-related concussion in adolescents: a systematic review.

The systematic review evaluated the evidence related to how physical activity affects recovery following a sport-related concussion (SRC) in adolescents. Databases indexed were PUBMED, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus. Inclusion criteria included ) original research article, ) ≥66% have an SRC diagnosed by a clinician, ) human research, and ) evaluated the effect of an SRC on physical activity in adolescents only (<18 yr).

Does task complexity impact the neurovascular coupling response similarly between males and females?

Background: While previous studies have demonstrated a complex visual scene search elicits a robust neurovascular coupling (NVC) response, it is unknown how the duration of visual stimuli presentation influences NVC metrics. This study examined how stimuli duration, in addition to biological sex and self-reported engagement impact NVC responses.

Methods: Participants (n = 20, female = 10) completed four visual paradigms.

What recording duration is required to provide physiologically valid and reliable dynamic cerebral autoregulation transfer functional analysis estimates?

. Currently, a recording of 300 s is recommended to obtain accurate dynamic cerebral autoregulation estimates using transfer function analysis (TFA). Therefore, this investigation sought to explore the concurrent validity and the within- and between-day reliability of TFA estimates derived from shorter recording durations from squat-stand maneuvers.