Morphological Changes of Peri-Coronary Adipose Tissue Together with Elevated NLR in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients in-Hospital.

Background: Inflammation triggers atherosclerotic plaque rupture, leading to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Following AMI, peri-coronary adipose tissue (PCAT) undergoes a transition from lipid-rich to hydrophilic characteristics due to vascular inflammation. This study investigates PCAT changes and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio levels during AMI.

Prognostic nutritional index during hospitalization correlates with adverse outcomes in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most prevalent illnesses endangering the elderly's health. The predictive nutritional index (PNI) has been shown in several studies to be a good predictor of nutritional prognosis. In this study, we explored the correlation between PNI during hospitalization and the outcome of elderly AMI patients.

Absence of a causal link between COVID-19 and deep vein thrombosis: Insights from a bi-directional Mendelian randomisation study.

Background: Several large-scale observational studies have found deep vein thrombosis (DVT) to be related with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, whether there is a clear causal connection between the two is unknown.

Methods: Our primary analytical method was the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) approach, complemented by the Mendelian randomisation-Egger (MR-Egger) and weighted median methods.

Ascending aortic perivascular adipose tissue inflammation associates with aortic valve disease.

Background: Ascending aortic perivascular adipose tissue (AA-PVAT) mainly comprises brown adipose tissue (BAT), originates from neural crest cells that derive from ectoderm, and plays important role in angiotensin II-induced vascular inflammation and remodeling in mice. However, the characterization and function of human AA-PVAT remains highly unclear.

Methods: Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 20) and aortic valve disease (AVD) (n = 23) who underwent cardiac surgery consented to take part in transcriptome and histological studies.

High Level of Serum Uric Acid induced Monocyte Inflammation is Related to Coronary Calcium Deposition in the Middle-Aged and Elder Population of China: A five-year Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Serum uric acid (SUA) is suspected to be associated with atherosclerosis and calcium deposition in atherosclerosis is known to related poor prognosis, yet there is no cohort study on the aged in China. We aimed to investigate the relationships between SUA levels and coronary calcium deposition in the middle-aged and elderly populations in China.

Methods: A total of 326 participants between the ages of 50 and 85 who had undergone a coronary CT scan in 2015 at the Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University (Shanghai, China) were included in this study.

Association of Pericardiac Adipose Tissue With Coronary Artery Disease.

Background And Aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) poses a worldwide health threat. Compelling evidence shows that pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), a brown-like adipose adjacent to the external surface of the pericardium, is associated with CAD. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of PAT in CAD are elusive.

Disorders of sodium balance and its clinical implications in COVID-19 patients: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: The worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 has infected millions of people leading to over 0.3 million mortalities. The disruption of sodium homeostasis, tends to be a common occurrence in patients with COVID-19.

NAD administration decreases microvascular damage following cardiac ischemia/reperfusion by restoring autophagic flux.

Microvascular damage is a key pathological change in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Using a rat model of myocardial I/R, our current study has provided the first evidence that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) administration can significantly attenuate myocardial I/R-induced microvascular damage, including reduced regional blood perfusion, decreased microvessel density and integrity, and coronary microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) injury. In studies with primary cultured CMECs under hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) and a rat model of I/R, our results suggested that the protective effect of NAD on CMECs exposed to HR or I/R is at least partially mediated by the NAD-induced restoration of autophagic flux, especially lysosomal autophagy: NAD treatment markedly induced transcription factor EB (TFEB) activation and attenuated lysosomal dysfunction in the I/R or HR-exposed cells.

Coronary Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography Characteristics of High-Risk Plaque: Correlation with Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Patients with Moderate Coronary Stenosis.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) characteristics of high-risk plaque (HRP) in moderate stenosis to improve differentiation of myocardial ischemia detected by stress CT perfusion (CTP) imaging. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-two patients with coronary plaques and moderate stenosis confirmed by invasive coronary angiography (ICA) had stress CTP and 26 of these patients were found to have myocardial ischemia. The other 36 patients without myocardial ischemia were defined as controls.

Isolation, Culture, and Adipogenic Induction of Neural Crest Original Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Periaortic Adipose Tissue.

An excessive amount of adipose tissue surrounding the blood vessels (perivascular adipose tissue, also known as PVAT) is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. ADSCs derived from different adipose tissues show distinct features, and those from the PVAT have not been well characterized. In a recent study, we reported that some ADSCs in the periaortic arch adipose tissue (PAAT) descend from the neural crest cells (NCCs), a transient population of migratory cells originating from the ectoderm.

Evaluation of a High Concentrated Contrast Media Injection Protocol in Combination with Low Tube Current for Dose Reduction in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography: A Randomized, Two-center Prospective Study.

Rationale And Objectives: The study aimed to prospectively evaluate the radiation dose reduction potential and image quality (IQ) of a high-concentration contrast media (HCCM) injection protocol in combination with a low tube current (mAs) in coronary computed tomography angiography.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-one consecutive patients (mean age: 62 years; 34 females; body mass index: 18-31) were included and randomized-assigned into two groups. All computed tomography (CT) examinations were performed in two groups with the same tube voltage (100 kV), flow rate of contrast medium (5.

Atorvastatin antagonizes the visfatin-induced expression of inflammatory mediators via the upregulation of NF-κB activation in HCAECs.

The present study investigated whether atorvastatin antagonizes the visfatin-induced expression of inflammatory mediators in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). Several analysis methods, such as reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and HDCFDA incubation, were used in the present study. The data showed that atorvastatin decreased the visfatin-induced expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in HCAECs.

Diagnosis of Dissection of the Coronary Artery Dissection by Multidetector Computed Tomography: A Comparative Study With Coronary Angiology.

Objectives: This study was to assess the diagnostic performance of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiographic protocol for dissection of the coronary artery (DCA) detection compared with coronary angiology (CAG).

Methods: Intravascular ultrasound was used as the gold standard for DCA diagnosis. Thirty-six DCA patients and 34 non-DCA (control) participants were retrospectively reviewed.