Innexin hemichannel activation by ecSOD monopolymer reduces ROS.

The extracellular superoxide dismutases (ecSODs) secreted by reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulated by the . Here, we demonstrate that the bacterial transferase hexapeptide (hexapep) motif and bacterial-immunoglobulin-like (BIg-like) domain of ecSODs bind to the cell membrane and transiently open hemichannels, facilitating ROS reductions. RNAi-mediated ecSOD silencing elevated ROS in host hemocytes, impairing parasitoid larva development.

Simulating immunosuppressive mechanism of coordinately fights .

Parasitoid wasps control pests via a precise attack leading to the death of the pest. However, parasitoid larvae exhibit self-protection strategies against bracovirus-induced reactive oxygen species impairment. This has a detrimental effect on pest control.

[Retracted] MicroRNA‑29a inhibits cell migration and invasion by targeting Roundabout 1 in breast cancer cells.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editors' attention by a concerned reader that the Transwell migration and invasion assay data shown in Fig. 3A and B were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles written by different authors at different research institutes that had either already been published elsewhere prior to the submission of this paper to , or were under consideration for publication at around the same time (a few of which have already been retracted). In view of the fact that certain of these data had already apparently been published previously, the Editor of has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal.

[Retracted] Inhibitory effect of flavones on platelet‑derived growth factor‑BB‑induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via PI3K and ERK pathways.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.

Envelope-Fusion-Syncytium Formation in Maturation.

The viral envelope is essential for virus maturation. Virus-mediated syncytium formations are induced by viral envelope proteins that cause membrane fusion of the infected cells. (Polydnavirus) are enveloped viruses with multiple nucleocapsids, and virions mature in symbiotic parasitoid wasp ovaries.

Cross-Activation of Hemichannels/Gap Junctions and Immunoglobulin-Like Domains in Innate-Adaptive Immune Responses.

Hemichannels (HCs)/gap junctions (GJs) and immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain-containing proteins (IGLDCPs) are involved in the innate-adaptive immune response independently. Despite of available evidence demonstrating the importance of HCs/GJs and IGLDCPs in initiating, implementing, and terminating the entire immune response, our understanding of their mutual interactions in immunological function remains rudimentary. IGLDCPs include immune checkpoint molecules of the immunoglobulin family expressed in T and B lymphocytes, most of which are cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens.

Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Metallomesogens Based on Half-Disc-Shaped β-Diketonate Ligands with Hexacatenar: Crystal Structures, Mesophase Properties, and Semiconductor Devices.

A series of new half-disc-shaped platinum(II) complexes [Pt(ppy)(AL-6OCH)] (, [Pt(ppyF)(AL-6OCH)] (, and [Pt(ppyCF)(AL-6OCH)] ( (AL-6OCH = 1,3-bis(3,4,5-trialkoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dionato; = 1, 6, 12) with concise structures have been designed and synthesized, in which 2-phenylpyridine (ppy) derivatives were used as cyclometalated ligands and hexacatenar β-diketonate derivatives AL-6OCH as auxiliary ligands. The single-crystal data of the methoxy diketonate analogues , , and indicate that they all display excellent square planarity. These platinum(II) complexes show a certain emission tunability (ranging from λ = 506-535 nm) by the introduction of fluorine or trifluoromethyl into ppy.

Bracovirus Sneaks Into Apoptotic Bodies Transmitting Immunosuppressive Signaling Driven by Integration-Mediated eIF5A Hypusination.

A typical characteristics of polydnavirus (PDV) infection is a persistent immunosuppression, governed by the viral integration and expression of virulence genes. Recently, activation of caspase-3 by (MbBV) to cleave Innexins, gap junction proteins, has been highlighted, further promoting apoptotic cell disassembly and apoptotic body (AB) formation. However, whether ABs play a role in immune suppression remains to be determined.

Bracovirus-mediated innexin hemichannel closure in cell disassembly.

Cell-cell communication is necessary for cellular immune response. Hemichannel closure disrupts communication between intracellular and extracellular environments during polydnavirus-induced immunosuppression in invertebrates. However, the effects of hemichannel closure on cellular immune response are unclear.

Biased Symmetry Breaking and Chiral Control by Self-Replicating in Achiral Tetradentate Platinum (II) Complexes.

Obtaining homochirality from biased symmetry-breaking of self-assembly in achiral molecules remains a great challenge due to the lack of ingenious strategies and controlling their handedness. Here, we report the first case of biased symmetry breaking from achiral platinum (II) liquid crystals which self-organize into an enantiomerically enriched single domain without selection of handedness in twist grain boundary TGB * phase. Most importantly, the chiral control of self-organization can be achieved by using above the homochiral liquid crystal films with determined handedness (P or M) as a template.

Connexins in Lung Cancer and Brain Metastasis.

Connexins (Cxs) are involved in the brain metastasis of lung cancer cells. Thus, it is necessary to determine whether gap junction-forming Cxs are involved in the communication between lung cancer cells and the host cells, such as endothelial cells, forming the brain-blood-barrier, and cells in the central nervous system. Data from multiple studies support that Cxs function as tumor suppressors during lung cancer occurrence.

Interactions of Vank proteins from Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus with host Dip3 suppress eIF4E expression.

Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV) inhibits the immune response of the host Spodoptera litura by disrupting nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling and downstream gene expression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Herein, we report that viral ankyrin (Vank) proteins interacted with host dorsal-interacting protein 3 (Dip3) to selectively inhibit the transcription of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 E (eIF4E).

Connexins and cAMP Cross-Talk in Cancer Progression and Metastasis.

Connexin-containing gap junctions mediate the direct exchange of small molecules between cells, thus promoting cell-cell communication. Connexins (Cxs) have been widely studied as key tumor-suppressors. However, certain Cx subtypes, such as Cx43 and Cx26, are overexpressed in metastatic tumor lesions.

Characterization of Novel Bacteriophage AhyVDH1 and Its Lytic Activity Against Aeromonas hydrophila.

Phage therapy is an alternative approach to overcome the problem of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Here, a novel bacteriophage AhyVDH1, which infects Aeromonas hydrophila 4572, was isolated and its morphology, one-step growth curve, lytic activity, stability under various conditions, and genome were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that AhyVDH1 has an icosahedral head 49 nm in diameter and a contractile tail 127 nm in length, suggesting that it belongs to the family Myoviridae.

Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus modulates innate immune suppression through the eIF4E-eIF4A axis in the insect Spodoptera litura.

Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is regulated during the innate immune response. However, its translational regulation under innate immune suppression remains largely unexplored. Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV), a symbiotic virus harbored by the parasitoid wasp, Microplitis bicoloratus, suppresses innate immunity in parasitized Spodoptera litura.

Spodoptera litura cyclophilin A is required for Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus-induced apoptosis during insect cellular immune response.

Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV) is a polydnavirus found in the parasitic wasp M. bicoloratus. Although MbBV is a known inducer of apoptosis in host hemocytes, the mechanism by which this occurs remains elusive.

Columnar Iridium(III) Metallomesogens Based on Polycatenar Pyridyltetrazolate with Ambipolar Carrier Mobility Behavior.

In this paper, we have designed and synthesized a series of neutral liquid-crystalline iridium(III) complexes based on polycatenar 2,5-diphenylpyridine and pyridyltetrazolate derivatives. Iridium(III) complexes all display highly emissive behavior with photoluminescence quantum yields in the range of 0.45-0.

A secreted-Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase from Microplitis bicoloratus reduces reactive oxygen species triggered by symbiotic bracovirus.

In the parasitoid/polydnavirus/host system, polydnaviruses protect larva development in the host hemocoel by suppressing the host immune response. However, the negative effects on the parasitoid and the strategy of the parasitoid to deal with this disadvantage are still unknown. Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus induces granulocyte apoptosis to suppress immune responses, resulting in an apoptotic haemolymph environment in which immature M.

Cryo-EM structure reveals cylindrical nucleocapsids from two polydnaviruses.

Bracovirus is one of the two polydnavirus genera. Here, we used a cryo-EM analysis to reveal the near-native morphology of two nucleocapsid-containing model bracoviruses: Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV) and Microplitis mediator bracovirus (MmBV). MbBV and MmBV nucleocapsids have discernable cap structures in two distal regions with relatively high electron density.

Unexpected link between insect innexins and apoptosis of HeLa cells.

Little is known about how mammalian cells respond to the expression of innexins (Inxs), which are known to mediate cell-to-cell communication that causes apoptosis in the cells of the insect Spodoptera litura. The mammalian expression system, p3xFLAG tag protein, containing the CMV promoter, allowed us to construct two C-terminally elongated innexins (Cte-Inxs), SpliInx2 (Inx2-FLAG), and SpliInx3 (Inx3-FLAG), which were predicted to have the same secondary topological structures as the native SpliInx2 and SpliInx3. Here, we found that only the mRNAs of the two Cte-Inxs were expressed under the control of the CMV promoter in HeLa cells.

Inhibition of translation initiation factor eIF4A is required for apoptosis mediated by Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus.

Apoptotic hemocytes induced by Microplitis bicoloratus parasitism have been reported, and M. bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV) is known to be the apoptosis inducer. However, the mechanism how MbBV regulates apoptosis remains unclear.

Identification of β-chain of F F -ATPase in apoptotic cell population induced by Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus and its role in the development of Spodoptera litura.

Two physiological changes of Spodoptera litura parasitized by Microplitis bicoloratus are hemocyte-apoptosis and retarded immature development. β-Chain of F F -ATPase was found from a S. litura transcriptome.

New phosphorescent platinum(ii) complexes with tetradentate C*N^N*C ligands: liquid crystallinity and polarized emission.

New phosphorescent, liquid crystalline cyclometalated tetradentate platinum complexes (Pt-L16, Pt-L12 and Pt-L6) based on the tetradentate C*N^N*C ligands (C*N^N*C = 6,6'-bis(4-(alkoxy)-phenoxy)-2,2'-bipyridine) are designed and synthesized. Their crystal structure, and photophysical, electrochemical and liquid crystal characteristics were investigated. The X-ray structure of Pt-L12 shows a severe distortion of this complex towards a tetrahedral geometry.

A polydnaviral genome of Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus and molecular interactions between the host and virus involved in NF-κB signaling.

Polydnaviruses (PDVs) play a critical role in altering host gene expression to induce immunosuppression. However, it remains largely unclear how PDV genes affect host genes. Here, the complete genome sequence of Microplitis bicoloratus bracovirus (MbBV), which is known to be an apoptosis inducer, was determined.