Relationship between gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of gestational diabetes mellitus characterized by insulin resistance and abnormal function of pancreatic beta cells. In recent years, genomic association studies have revealed risk and susceptibility genes associated with genetic susceptibility to GDM. However, genetic predisposition cannot explain the rising global incidence of GDM, which may be related to the increased influence of environmental factors, especially the gut microbiome.

Real-world effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonist-based treatment strategies on "time in range" in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes affects millions of people worldwide annually, and several methods, including medications, are used for its management; glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are one such class of medications. The efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been assessed and have been shown to significantly improve time in range (TIR) in several clinical trials. However, presently, there is a lack of real-world evidence on the efficacy of GLP-1RAs in improving TIR.

Epidemiological Analysis of Global and Regional Lung Cancer Mortality: Based on 30-Year Data Analysis of Global Burden Disease Database.

The objective of this study was to understand dynamic global and regional lung cancer fatality trends and provide a foundation for effective global lung cancer prevention and treatment strategies. Data from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the Global Burden Disease (GBD) database and statistical analysis was conducted using Excel 2010. Standardization was based on the GBD's world population structure, and the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) was calculated using Joinpoint 4.

Trends in global ambient fine particulate matter pollution and diabetes mortality rates attributable to it in the 1990-2019: 30 years systematic analysis of global burden of disease.

Aim: To analyze the trends in ambient fine particulate matter pollution (PM) and the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of diabetes attributable to it from 1990 to 2019 by region, country, and socio-economic development status.

Methods: The main data, including the summary exposure value (SEV) of ambient PM and the ASMR of diabetes due to ambient PM, was collected from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database. The socio-demographic index (SDI) was employed for assessing a particular region or country's degree of socio-economic development.

The global, regional and national burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the past, present and future: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Aim: To report the global, regional, and national burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in 2019, assess its trends in the past, and forecast its trends in the future.

Methods: The main data source was the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database. We assessed the changes in T2DM burden from 1990 to 2019 with joinpoint regression analysis.

Efficacy of polyethylene glycol loxenatide versus insulin glargine on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial.

This trial aimed to evaluate the glycemic control of polyethylene glycol loxenatide measured with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with the hypothesis that participants given PEG-Loxe would spend more time in time-in-range (TIR) than participants were given insulin glargine after 24 weeks of treatment. This 24-week, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study was conducted in the Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Longhu Hospital, Shantou, China. Participants with T2DM, who were ≥45 years of age, HbA1c of 7.

Symptoms of depression, perceived social support, and medical coping modes among middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

To understand the prevalence of depression in diabetes population, explore the relationship between diabetes and depression, and the impact of comprehensive psychological and behavioral intervention on depression related to diabetes and glucose metabolism. 71 middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated and evaluated with Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Medical Coping Scale (MCWQ) and Social Support Scale (PSSS). Patients who met the research criteria were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.

Pharmacoeconomic analysis (CER) of Dulaglutide and Liraglutide in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To evaluate the treatment effect Fand pharmacoeconomic value of Dugaglutide in women with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Women (n=96) with type 2 diabetes recruited from June 2019 to December 2021 were randomized into two equal groups. The control group was treated with Liraglutide, and the observation group was treated with Dulaglutide, both for 24 weeks.

Fecal microbiota transplantation reverses insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: A randomized, controlled, prospective study.

Objectives: Recent studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) improved the metabolic profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet the effectiveness in reversing insulin resistance and increasing metformin sensitivity in T2DM patients have not been reported. In this study, we evaluated the improvements of T2DM patients and their gut microbiota by FMT alone and FMT plus metformin.

Methods: A total of 31 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were randomized to intervention by metformin, FMT, or FMT plus metformin in the study.

Fecal microbiota transplantation treatment of autoimmune-mediated type 1 diabetes: A systematic review.

There is a strong link between fecal microbiota and the development of type 1 diabetes. As an emerging therapeutic modality, fecal microbiota transplantation has been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of many intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Various studies have found that fecal microbiota transplantation can treat diseases by correcting patients' immune disorders.

Glucose-lowering effect of berberine on type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Insulin secretory agents are commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes. However, traditional insulin secretory agents such as sulfonylureas and glinides have side effects of hypoglycemia. In recent years, researchers have discovered that berberine can inhibit the voltage-gated k channels of pancreatic β cell membrane and promote insulin secretion without causing hypoglycemia, because the glucose-lowering effects of berberine are only under hyperglycemic conditions or in a high-glucose-dependent manner.

Antioxidants in brain tumors: current therapeutic significance and future prospects.

Brain cancer is regarded among the deadliest forms of cancer worldwide. The distinct tumor microenvironment and inherent characteristics of brain tumor cells virtually render them resistant to the majority of conventional and advanced therapies. Oxidative stress (OS) is a key disruptor of normal brain homeostasis and is involved in carcinogenesis of different forms of brain cancers.

Fecal microbiota transplantation treatment of autoimmune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Unlabelled: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune-mediated disease characterized by a reduced or absolute lack of insulin secretion and often associated with a range of vascular and neurological complications for which there is a lack of effective treatment other than lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatments such as insulin injections. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota is involved in mediating the onset and development of many fecal and extrafecal diseases, including autoimmune T1DM. In recent years, many cases of gut microbiota transplantation for diseases of the bowel and beyond have been reported worldwide, and this approach has been shown to be safe and effective.

Gut microbiota diversity in middle-aged and elderly patients with end-stage diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but the mechanism between DKD and ESRD remains unclear. Some experts have put forward the "microbial-centered ESRD development theory", believing that the bacterial load caused by gut microecological imbalance and uremia toxin transfer are the core pathogenic links. The purpose of this study was to analyze the genomic characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with ESRD, specifically DKD or non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD).

Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide Injection (GLP-1) Protects Vascular Endothelial Cell Function in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes by Regulating Gut Microbiota.

To evaluate the protective effect of Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide Injection (Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1) on endothelial cells from middle-aged and elderly patients with newly diagnosed or poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GLP-1 weekly formulation was analyzed for cardiovascular disease protection and correlated with intestinal flora. Stool samples were collected from middle-aged and elderly patients with new-onset or poorly controlled type 2 diabetes in Longhu People's Hospital and Shantou Central Hospital from June 2019 to November 2019.

Microbiota in health and diseases.

The role of microbiota in health and diseases is being highlighted by numerous studies since its discovery. Depending on the localized regions, microbiota can be classified into gut, oral, respiratory, and skin microbiota. The microbial communities are in symbiosis with the host, contributing to homeostasis and regulating immune function.

Nano-Drug Delivery Systems Entrapping Natural Bioactive Compounds for Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Challenges.

Cancer is a prominent cause of mortality globally, and it becomes fatal and incurable if it is delayed in diagnosis. Chemotherapy is a type of treatment that is used to eliminate, diminish, or restrict tumor progression. Chemotherapeutic medicines are available in various formulations.

Correlation of Blood Biochemical Markers with Tardive Dyskinesia in Schizophrenic Patients.

Objective: Oxidative stress factors and proinflammatory cytokines had been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD). This study assumes that blood biochemical markers would have a link with TD in schizophrenia patients. To explore the correlation between blood biochemical markers and tardive dyskinesia in patients with schizophrenia (SCH).

Reconstruction of intestinal microecology of type 2 diabetes by fecal microbiota transplantation: Why and how.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance. Mounting evidence has correlated T2D to alterations in the composition of gut microbiota. Accordingly, targeting the gut microbiota has become an emerging strategy for T2D management.

Advancement of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Regulation of Intestinal Flora: Mechanism-based Role in Disease Management.

Intestinal microecology is the largest and most complex human microecology. The intestinal microflora plays an important role in human health. Imbalance of intestinal microflora contributes to the occurrence and development of many diseases.