Improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the laser ultrasonic synthetic aperture focusing technique to detect submillimeter internal defects using echo array similarity.

Laser ultrasonic imaging is a promising technique for structural health monitoring because it is noncontact and nondestructive. However, this technique will only find more industrial applications if it has a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and short data acquisition time. In existing delay-and-sum algorithms, such as the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) and the total focusing method, a higher SNR requires more A-scan signals, which mean a longer data acquisition time.

Suppressing artifacts in the total focusing method using the directivity of laser ultrasound.

Based on a synthesized laser ultrasonic array, full matrix capture can be used to acquire data, which can then be post-processed using the total focusing method. However, this noncontact ultrasonic imaging technique has not been widely used because of the numerous artifacts in ultrasonic images and time-consuming data acquisition. To address these issues, this study proposes a post-processing algorithm, which uses the laser ultrasound directivity information to suppress the artifacts in the total focusing method's images.

A survey on hearing acuity of centenarians in Hainan Province.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate hearing acuity of centenarians in Hainan Province and provide basis for interventional considerations.

Method: Door-to-door follow-up was conducted to investigate hearing acuity of centenarians (aged 100 years or above) in Hainan Province. Physical examination, pure tone audiometry and acoustic impedance test were performed, and the results were analyzed.

Study of the impact of truncations on wedge waves by using the laser ultrasound technique.

This research focuses on measuring the impact of truncations on the dispersion characteristics of wedge waves propagating along the wedge tip by using the laser-generated ultrasound. First, the finite element method was used to simulate laser-induced wedge waves and the dispersion curves were obtained by using the 2D Fourier transformation method. Pulsed laser excitation and laser-based wedge wave detection were also utilized to investigate these characteristics experimentally.

MGRN1-dependent pigment-type switching requires its ubiquitination activity but not its interaction with TSG101 or NEDD4.

Mice lacking the E3 ubiquitin ligase mahogunin ring finger-1 (MGRN1) have a pleiotropic phenotype that includes spongiform neurodegeneration, embryonic patterning defects, and dark fur due to a defect in pigment-type switching. The only MGRN1 ubiquitination target identified to date is tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), a component of the endosomal trafficking machinery. Here, we show that MGRN1 also interacts with but does not ubiquitinate NEDD4, a HECT-domain ubiquitin ligase involved in endosomal trafficking.

Abnormal regulation of TSG101 in mice with spongiform neurodegeneration.

Spongiform neurodegeneration is characterized by the appearance of vacuoles throughout the central nervous system. It has many potential causes, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Mice lacking the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mahogunin Ring Finger-1 (MGRN1) develop age-dependent spongiform encephalopathy.

Transgenic analysis of the physiological functions of Mahogunin Ring Finger-1 isoforms.

Mahogunin Ring Finger-1 (Mgrn1) null mutant mice have a pleiotropic phenotype that includes the absence of yellow hair pigment, abnormal head shape, reduced viability, and adult-onset spongiform neurodegeneration. Mgrn1 encodes a highly conserved E3 ubiquitin ligase with four different isoforms which are differentially expressed and predicted to localize to different subcellular compartments. To test whether loss of specific isoforms causes different aspects of the mutant phenotype, we generated transgenes for each isoform and bred them onto the null mutant background.

[Application of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to non-invasive detection of pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland in vivo].

In the present work, 20 patients with salivary pleomorphic adenoma were recruited for FTIR spectroscopic measurement. These obtained FTIR spectra were analyzed and compared. It was found that there were significant differences in the spectral features of the skin covering normal salivary gland, pleomorphic adenoma, and carcinoma change of pleomorphic adenoma, such as the changes in peak position, band shape and relative intensity of the bands in the ranges of 1000-1800 cm(-1) and 2800-3000 cm(-1).

Mitochondrial dysfunction precedes neurodegeneration in mahogunin (Mgrn1) mutant mice.

Oxidative stress, ubiquitination defects and mitochondrial dysfunction are commonly associated with neurodegeneration. Mice lacking mahogunin ring finger-1 (MGRN1) or attractin (ATRN) develop age-dependent spongiform neurodegeneration through an unknown mechanism. It has been suggested that they act in a common pathway.

Characteristics of benign lymphoadenosis of oral mucosa.

Aim: To investigate the pathological characteristics and carcinogenesis mechanism of benign lymphoadenosis of oral mucosa (BLOM).

Methods: The expressions of Ki-67, CD34 and apoptosis were evaluated by immunohistochemical SP staining in 64 paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Of them, 9 were from BLOM with dysplasia, 15 from BLOM without dysplasia, 15 from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 15 from oral precancerosis, and 10 from normal tissues.

[Senile chronic submandibular sialadenitis].

Objective: To evaluate the clinic characteristic and treatment of senile chronic submandibular sialadenitis.

Methods: The clinical records of the patients over 50 years old whose final diagnosis was chronic submandibular sialadenitis were reviewed. The patients were diagnosed as neoplasm of submandibular gland before operation, There was no radiographic sign of sialolithiasis, no clinical and laboratory signs of Sjögren syndrome or related autoimmune disease.

[Immunohistochemical study of benign lymphoadenosis of oral mucosa].

Objective: To study the expression of Ki-67 and the changes of MVD and apoptosis in benign lymphoadenosis of oral mucosa (BLOM).

Methods: The expression of Ki-67, CD34 and apoptosis were evaluated by SP immunohistochemical staining in 15 BLOM, 9 BLOM with dysplasia, 15 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Results: The expression of Ki-67 in BOLM with dysplasia and OSCC was significantly higher than that of BLOM without dysplasia and normal oral mucosa (P < 0.

[FTIR microspectroscopic investigation on the stained and unstained histotomic section of oral tissues].

In this paper, stained and unstained samples of oral tissues have been investigated using FT-microspectroscopy. The experimental results demonstrated that staining did not influence the characteristic features of the FTIR spectra of the oral tissues, thereby providing abundant opportunity of further understanding of the structural-spectral relationship of normal and malignant tissues.

[Gene expression and pathological changes of rat submandibular glands after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer].

Objective: To investigate luciferase gene expression and pathological changes of submandibular glands (SMG) of rats after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer.

Methods: Adenovirus-mediated luciferase gene (AdCMVLuc, 10(8) pfu in 50 microl) was injected in to SMG of forty wistar rats. The SMGs were harvested for gene expression measurement and pathological study after 3 days, 1,2,4 and 8 weeks.

Myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary glands: behavior and management.

Objective: To investigate the biological behavior and proper management of myoepithelial carcinomas of salivary glands.

Methods: Twenty-seven cases of myoepithelial carcinoma of salivary glands were retrospectively studied and their detailed clinical and follow-up data were presented.

Results: The subjects consisted of 17 men and 10 women aged 16 to 73 years (mean age: 51 years).

[A clinical and histological study of Bio-Oss in combination with guided bone regeneration membrane technique].

Objective: To evaluate the reliability of Bio-Oss particles as bone grafts in combination with membrane-technique.

Methods: 6 small biopsy specimens were retrieved without causing iatrogenic damage in 6 patients (implant sites). The Donath's hard tissue section and micro grinding technique was adopted, and Leval Laczko staining method was used.

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of salivary glands.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of mucinous adenocarcinoma of salivary glands.

Methods: The clinical manifestations and histopathological characteristics of 6 cases of mucinous adenocarcinoma of salivary gland were studied by retrospective and routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Results: Four mucinous adenocarcinoma occurred in palate and 2 in mouth floor.

Ultrastructural changes of TMJ articular cartilage and synovial membrane following occlusal trauma in rabbit.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of occlusal trauma on the ultra-structure of synovial membrane and articular cartilage in rabbit's temporomandibular joints (TMJ). METHODS: TMJs from six rabbits with occlusal trauma and three control rabbits were studied by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Degenerative changes in synovial membrane and articular cartilage of TMJ were induced following occlusal trauma.