LRP1B Suppresses Immunotherapy Efficacy in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Preventing Ferroptosis.

Background: Immune biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor mutational burden (TMB). However, they cannot accurately predict the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Identifying appropriate biomarkers that can differentiate between beneficiary groups is imperative.

Poor therapeutic outcomes in KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer due to chemoresistance conferred by SLC7A11.

Purpose: This study aimed to confirm whether Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutations affect the therapeutic efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and, if so, to explore what the possible mechanisms might be.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of immunochemotherapy in KRAS-mutant NSCLC patients compared to driver-negative patients. Online data platforms were used to find immunotherapy cases, and survival analysis compared treatments' efficacy.

A novel signature based on twelve programmed cell death patterns to predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression. However, the prognostic value and clinical characteristics of PCD-related genes (PRGs) remain unclear. We collected and analyzed genes associated with twelve PCD patterns, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, entotic cell death, netotic cell death, parthanatos, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, alkaliptosis, and oxeiptosis to construct a gene signature.

CCT6A facilitates lung adenocarcinoma progression and glycolysis via STAT1/HK2 axis.

Background: Chaperonin Containing TCP1 Subunit 6 A (CCT6A) is a prominent protein involved in the folding and stabilization of newly synthesized proteins. However, its roles and underlying mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), one of the most aggressive cancers, remain elusive.

Methods: Our study utilized in vitro cell phenotype experiments to assess CCT6A's impact on the proliferation and invasion capabilities of LUAD cell lines.

TREM1/DAP12 based novel multiple chain CAR-T cells targeting DLL3 show robust anti-tumour efficacy for small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), recognized as the most aggressive subtype of lung cancer, presents an extremely poor prognosis. Currently, patients with small cell lung cancer face a significant dearth of effective alternative treatment options once they experience recurrence and progression after first-line therapy. Despite the promising efficacy of immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and various other tumours, its impact on significantly enhancing the prognosis of SCLC patients remains elusive.

Effects of methionine deficiency on B7H3-DAP12-CAR-T cells in the treatment of lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a subtype of lung cancer for which precision therapy is lacking. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) have the potential to eliminate cancer cells by targeting specific antigens. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by abnormal metabolism could inhibit CAR-T function.

Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutation.

The discovery of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations has greatly changed the clinical outlook for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unlike the most common EGFR mutations, such as exon 19 deletion (del19) and exon 21 L858R point mutation, EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation (EGFR ex20ins) is a rare mutation of EGFR. Due to its structural specificity, it exhibits primary resistance to traditional epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), leading to poor overall survival prognosis for patients.

Almonertinib plus chemotherapy almonertinib alone in second-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with mutated epidermal growth factor receptor: a retrospective study.

Objective: This study mainly observes the efficacy and safety of almonertinib plus chemotherapy compared with almonertinib alone in the second-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Methods: In this study, clinical data of 68 patients with advanced NSCLC who were treated in Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital and Nanjing Chest Hospital between April 2020 and December 2022 were collected. Among them, the study group (n=30) received second-line almonertinib combined with platinum-based chemotherapy, while the control group (n=38) received almonertinib alone.

THOC3 interacts with YBX1 to promote lung squamous cell carcinoma progression through PFKFB4 mRNA modification.

The THO complex (THOC) is ubiquitously involved in RNA modification and various THOC proteins have been reported to regulate tumor development. However, the role of THOC3 in lung cancer remains unknown. In this study, we identified that THOC3 was highly expressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and negatively associated with prognosis.

RB1 aberrations predict outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy in NSCLC.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have changed the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, compared with monotherapy, ICI combination therapy had better efficacy and partly different mechanism. Therefore, we aim to investigate and improve biomarkers specialized for ICI combination therapy.

Afatinib for the Treatment of NSCLC with Uncommon EGFR Mutations: A Narrative Review.

Afatinib, the world's first irreversible ErbB family (containing four different cancer cell epidermal growth factor receptors, including EGFR, HER2, ErbB3, and ErbB4) inhibitor, is a second-generation oral epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). It can be used as a first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with an EGFR-sensitive mutation or for patients with locally advanced or metastatic squamous lung cancer whose disease progresses during or after platinum-containing chemotherapy. Currently, with the use of third-generation EGFR-TKIs, afatinib is no longer clinically indicated as the first choice for patients with NSCLC who have EGFR-sensitive mutations.

Real world experience with camrelizumab in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective multicenter cohort study (NOAH-LC-101).

Background: Camrelizumab has shown promising survival benefits in treatment-naïve advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients when used in combination with chemotherapy. However, its effectiveness and safety outside the clinical trial setting are largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted NOAH-LC-101, a prospective multicenter cohort study, to investigate the real-world effectiveness and safety of camrelizumab on a large cohort of advanced NSCLC patients in daily clinical practice.

Investigation of the Wind-Direction Effect on Buoyancy-Driven Fire Smoke Dispersion in an Urban Street Canyon.

When a fire occurs in a street canyon, smoke recirculation is the most harmful factor to human beings inside the canyon, while the wind condition is an essential factor determining if the smoke is recirculated. This paper focuses on the wind direction's effect on buoyancy-driven fire smoke dispersion in a street canyon, which is innovative research since the effect of wind direction has not been reported before. In this study, an ideal street canyon model with a height-width ratio of 1 was established, and both the wind velocity and wind direction were changed to search for the critical point at which smoke recirculation occurs.

Circulating tumor DNA detection in MRD assessment and diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has contributed immensely to the management of hematologic malignancy and is now considered a valuable detection tool for solid tumors. ctDNA can reflect the real-time tumor burden and be utilized for analyzing specific cancer mutations liquid biopsy which is a non-invasive procedure that can be used with a relatively high frequency. Thus, many clinicians use ctDNA to assess minimal residual disease (MRD) and it serves as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for cancer therapy, especially for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Comprehensive Molecular Analyses of an SLC Family-Based Model in Stomach Adenocarcinoma.

Solute carrier (SLC) family members are crucial in transporting amino acids across membranes. Amino acids are indispensable for both cancer and immune cells. However, the clinical significance of amino acid transporting SLC members in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remains unclear.

Therapeutic Advances of Rare ALK Fusions in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases and is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite advances in chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the prognosis for advanced patients remains poor. The discovery of oncogenic driver mutations, such as anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations, means that a subset of patients has opportunities for targeted therapy.

Revolution of CAR Engineering For Next-Generation Immunotherapy In Solid Tumors.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells have enormous potentials for clinical therapies. The CAR-T therapy has been approved for treating hematological malignancies. However, their application is limited in solid tumors owing to antigen loss and mutation, physical barriers, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

Numerical Simulation of the Smoke Recirculation Behavior in Street Canyons with Different Aspect Ratios and Cross-Wind Conditions.

This study investigated smoke dispersion inside a street canyon in a series of numerical simulations. The building height and street width as well as the cross-wind velocity were changed during the simulation, and the smoke recirculation behavior inside the canyon is presented and discussed. The results show that the smoke recirculation behavior could be distinguished into two different stages, i.

Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CAPSTONE-1): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is associated with poor prognosis and treatment options are scarce. Immunotherapy has shown robust clinical activity in ES-SCLC in previous phase 3 trials. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of adebrelimab (SHR-1316), a novel anti-PD-L1 antibody, with standard chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for ES-SCLC.

Pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of typical waste thermal insulation materials.

Thermal insulation materials are important for building energy conservation, but their wastes have increased sharply. Furthermore, pyrolysis and combustion are increasingly utilized to dispose of solid wastes and convert them into value-added fuels. To better understand the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of these materials, typical thermal insulation materials (expanded polystyrene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS)) were investigated by employing thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry as well as cone calorimetry experiments.

Novel two-chain structure utilizing KIRS2/DAP12 domain improves the safety and efficacy of CAR-T cells in adults with r/r B-ALL.

Engineered T cells that express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been a promising therapy for hematologic malignancies. The optimization of CAR structure using different signaling domains can alter a wide range of CAR-T cell properties, including anti-tumor activity, long-term persistence, and safety. In this study, we developed a novel CAR structure based on KIRS2/Dap12 for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) antigen CD19 and compared the anti-tumor efficacy and safety of this construct in transduced T cells with standard second-generation CAR-T cells targeting CD19 for B-ALL and and in adult relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-ALL patients.