Effects of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and biochar application on phosphorus availability and tomato growth under phosphorus stress.

Background: Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) are vital in converting insoluble phosphorus into a soluble form that plants can readily absorb and utilize in soil. While previous studies have mainly focused on the extracellular secretion of microorganisms, few have explored the intricate intracellular metabolic processes involved in PSB-mediated phosphorus solubilization.

Results: Here, we uncovered that Ca(PO) could serve as a source of insoluble phosphorus for the PSB, Pseudomonas sp.

A novel double-ribonuclease toxin-antitoxin system linked to the stress response and survival of .

Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB), which is caused by the seed-borne bacterium , is a devastating disease affecting cucurbit crops throughout the world. Although seed fermentation and treatment with disinfectants can provide effective management of BFB, they cannot completely guarantee pathogen-free seedstock, which suggests that is a highly stress-resistant pathogen. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are common among a diverse range of bacteria and have been reported to play a role in bacterial stress response.

Transcriptional profiling of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in viable but nonculturable state.

Background: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is an important seed-borne plant pathogenic bacteria that can cause a serious threat to cruciferous crops. Bacteria can enter into the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state under stress conditions, and cause potential risks to agricultural production because the VBNC bacterial cells will evade culture-based detection.

Metabolic Promiscuity of an Orphan Small Alarmone Hydrolase Facilitates Bacterial Environmental Adaptation.

Small alarmone hydrolases (SAHs) are alarmone metabolizing enzymes found in both metazoans and bacteria. In metazoans, the SAH homolog Mesh1 is reported to function in cofactor metabolism by hydrolyzing NADPH to NADH. In bacteria, SAHs are often identified in genomes with toxic alarmone synthetases for self-resistance.

Class A Penicillin-Binding Protein C Is Responsible for Stress Response by Regulation of Peptidoglycan Assembly in Clavibacter michiganensis.

The cell wall peptidoglycan of bacteria is essential for their survival and shape development. The penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are responsible for the terminal stage of peptidoglycan assembly. It has been shown that PBPC, a member of class A high-molecular-weight PBP, played an important role in morphology maintenance and stress response in Clavibacter michiganensis.

RNA-Seq Analysis Discovers the Critical Role of Rel in ppGpp Synthesis, Pathogenicity, and the VBNC State of .

The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state is a unique survival strategy of bacteria in response to stress conditions. It was confirmed that , the causal agent of bacterial canker in tomato, could be induced into the VBNC state by exposure to CuSO in an oligotrophic solution. RNA-sequencing analysis was used to monitor the mechanisms of the VBNC state during CuSO induction in .

Extraction and detection of guanosine 5'-diphosphate-3'-diphosphate in amino acid starvation cells of Clavibacter michiganensis.

Guanosine 5'-diphosphate-3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) is a small molecule nucleotide alarmone that can accumulate under the amino acid starvation state and trigger the stringent response. This study reported the extraction of ppGpp from the Gram-positive bacteria Clavibacter michiganensis through methods using formic acid, lysozyme, or methanol. Following extraction, ppGpp was detected through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Role of Penicillin-Binding Proteins in the Viability, Morphology, Stress Tolerance, and Pathogenicity of .

Previous research has shown that penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), enzymes involved in peptidoglycan (PG) assembly, could play an important role during the induction of the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, which allows non-spore-forming bacteria to survive adverse environmental conditions. The current study found that has seven PBPs. Mutant analysis indicated that deletion of either of the class B PBPs was lethal and that the class A PBPs had an important role in PG synthesis, with the Δ mutant having an altered cellular morphology that resulted in longer cells that were swollen at one end and had thinner cell walls.

Variation in Streptomycin Resistance Mechanisms in .

is the causal agent of bacterial canker of tomato, which causes significant economic losses because of the lack of resistant tomato varieties. Chemical control with streptomycin or cupric bactericides is the last defensive line in canker disease management. Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis and targets the 30S ribosomal protein RpsL.