Publications by authors named "Kaifeng Hu"

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ranks among the deadliest cancers globally. Despite gemcitabine being a primary chemotherapeutic agent, many patients with PDAC develop resistance, significantly limiting treatment efficacy. This study aims to screen and validate key genes associated with gemcitabine resistance in advanced PDAC using bioinformatics analysis and clinical sample validation, thereby providing potential noninvasive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for overcoming chemoresistance.

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Despite rapid progress in UAV-based infrared vehicle detection, achieving reliable target recognition remains challenging due to dynamic viewpoint variations and platform instability. The inherent limitations of infrared imaging, particularly low contrast ratios and thermal crossover effects, significantly compromise detection accuracy. Moreover, the computational constraints of edge computing platforms pose a fundamental challenge in balancing real-time processing requirements with detection performance.

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Purpose: To determine the association between dietary antioxidant sources and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: In this observational study, we utilized NHANES 2017-2020 data to identify the factors associated with NAFLD in dietary antioxidant sources via weighted multivariate logistic regression models. Then, Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to investigate the effect of dietary antioxidant sources on NAFLD at the genetic level.

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Ophiocordyceps sinensis is widely used to treat various diseases and as a health supplement. The present study comprehensively compared the metabolic differences between wild and cultivated O. sinensis through 2D H-C HSQC-based metabolomics, and assessed their anti-lung cancer activity on A549 cells.

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Article Synopsis
  • Antibiotic resistance in Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) necessitates the search for new drug targets, particularly focusing on urease subunit gamma, a key virulence factor in MRSA that helps bacteria survive under acidic conditions.
  • The study involved cloning, purifying, and testing 100 US-FDA approved drugs against urease subunit gamma using STD-NMR spectroscopy, with 15 drugs showing significant interactions.
  • The research evaluated the drugs' effects on the thermal stability of urease and their ability to inhibit urease activity, suggesting their potential as therapeutic agents against MRSA, warranting further investigation.
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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (G. pentaphyllum) is an oriental herb documented to treat many diseases, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndromes and aging.

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A protocol for efficiently identifying ligands directly interacting with a target protein in complex extracts of medicinal herbs was proposed by combining an adapted 2D perfect-echo Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill heteronuclear single quantum correlation (PE-CPMG HSQC) spectrum with metabolomic analysis. PE-CPMG HSQC can suppress the signal interference from the target protein, allowing more accurate peak quantification than conventional HSQC. Inspired from untargeted metabolomics, regions of interest (ROIs) are constructed and quantified for the mixture or complex extract samples with and without a target protein, and then a binding index (BI) of each ROI is determined.

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Device implantation frequently triggers cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, with monocyte-driven inflammatory responses precipitating arrhythmias. This study investigates the role of mA modification enzymes METTL3 and METTL14 in these responses and explores a novel therapeutic strategy targeting these modifications to mitigate cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from patients with ventricular septal defects (VSD) who developed conduction blocks post-occluder implantation.

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The physicochemical properties and biological activities of polysaccharides depend on their structures. Monosaccharide composition analysis is indispensable for the structural characterization of polysaccharides and is helpful in the quality control of polysaccharide preparation. Here, using a model mixture and tamarind seed polysaccharide as examples, we demonstrated that a quantitative 2D NMR method, gsHSQC (three gradient-selective Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence spectra acquired with incremented repetition times, i = 1, 2, 3) can directly quantify a variety of monosaccharides in solution with adequate precision and accuracy, requiring no derivatization, postprocessing steps and column separation.

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Purpose: Investigating the therapeutic efficacy of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) in low BMI (30-35 kg/m) patients with obesity, and exploring the correlation between patients' preoperative BMI and postoperative weight loss.

Methods: Comparing the weight loss, remission of comorbidities, occurrence of complications, and quality of life among the different BMI patients who underwent LSG. Analyzing the relationship between BMI and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) by using Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis.

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Article Synopsis
  • Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of artemisinin, shows promise in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by inhibiting tumor growth and influencing the STAT3 signaling pathway.
  • The research indicates that DHA significantly lowers the levels of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), which interacts with and promotes the STAT3 pathway, thus contributing to anti-cancer effects.
  • By blocking ROR1, DHA effectively reduces STAT3 activation, suggesting that targeting ROR1 could be a potential strategy in developing treatments for NSCLC.
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We presented a strategy utilizing 2D NMR-based metabolomic analysis of crude extracts, categorized by different pharmacological activities, to rapidly identify the primary bioactive components of TCM. It was applied to identify the potential bioactive components from Scutellaria crude extracts that exhibit anti-non-small cell lung cancer (anti-NSCLC) activity. Four Scutellaria species were chosen as the study subjects because of their close phylogenetic relationship, but their crude extracts exhibit significantly different anti-NSCLC activity.

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Purpose: To determine the relationship between serum total testosterone (TT) levels and oxidative stress indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to investigate the effect of oxidative stress on androgen synthesis and its mechanism in rat ovarian theca-interstitial (T-I) cells.

Methods: Clinical, hormonal, metabolic, and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed in a cross-sectional case-control study including 626 patients with PCOS and 296 controls. The effects of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and oxidized high-density lipoprotein (ox-HDL) on cell proliferation, TT secretion, and expression of key enzymes involved in testosterone synthesis were evaluated in T-I cells.

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Purpose: This study explores the immune cells' role in anti-VEGF resistance in nAMD patients, and the potential of Zi-Yin-Jiang-Huo-Tang (ZYJHT), a Traditional Chinese Medicine formula, as complementary therapy.

Methods: Aqueous humor proteomics data from 10 nAMD patients with anti-VEGF resistance and 10 nAMD patients without anti-VEGF resistance were analyzed, investigating immune cells's role in anti-VEGF resistance and its underlying mechanism. Network pharmacology methods are employed to analyze the active ingredients in ZYJHT that contribute to therapeutic effects and their mechanisms.

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Background: PLS-DA of high-dimensional metabolomics data is frequently employed to capture the most pertinent features to sample classification. But the presence of numerous insignificant input features could distort the PLS-DA model, blow up and scramble the selected differential features. Usually, univariate filtration is subsequently complemented to refine the selected features, but often giving unstable results.

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To address the problems that the current polyp segmentation model is complicated and the segmentation accuracy needs to be further improved, a lightweight polyp segmentation network model Li-DeepLabV3+ is proposed. Firstly, the optimized MobileNetV2 network is used as the backbone network to reduce the model complexity. Secondly, an improved simple pyramid pooling module is used to replace the original Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling structure, which improves the model training efficiency of the model while reducing the model parameters.

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Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of cancer that shows great morbidity and mortality rates. However, there are limited available drugs to treat HCC.

Aim: The present work focused on discovering the potential anti-HCC compounds from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by employing high-throughput sequencing-based high-throughput screening (HTS) together with the liver cancer pathway-associated gene signature.

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Purpose: The effect of hyperinsulinemia on short-term outcomes after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in patients with obesity combined with insulin resistance is unclear.

Material And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent LSG at our center between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. Patients were divided into hyperinsulinemia (HINS) and nonhyperinsulinemia (NHINS) groups based on fasting insulin levels.

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Background: Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotic and endogenous low-molecular-weight compounds. This study aimed to determine if the genetic variations of 96-bp insertion/deletion (I/D) and C-1054T (rs2031920) in CYP2E1 were associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: CYP2E1 polymorphisms were genotyped in a case-control study of 1,134 women with uncomplicated pregnancies and 723 women with GDM.

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Two-dimensional (2D) H-C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) has been increasingly applied to metabolomics studies because it can greatly improve the resolving capability compared with one-dimensional (1D) H NMR. However, preprocessing methods such as peak matching and alignment tools for 2D NMR-based metabolomics have lagged behind similar methods for 1D H NMR-based metabolomics. Correct matching and alignment of 2D NMR spectral features across multiple samples are particularly important for subsequent multivariate data analysis.

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Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We investigated the relationship between NADPH oxidase p22phox subunit (CYBA) C242T (rs4673) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) G-463A (rs2333227) genetic variants and GDM in 719 patients with GDM and 1205 control women. Clinical, metabolic, and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed.

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Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) regulates extrinsic apoptosis by controlling procaspase-8 activation through its tandem N-terminal death effector domains (DEDs). Here, we present the expression and purification of c-FLIP tandem DEDs (tDED) from Escherichia coli. We observed that the c-FLIP maintains monomeric form under near-physiological pH condition in vitro.

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Scrophulariae Radix (SR) is one of the oldest and most frequently used Chinese herbs for oriental medicine in China. Before clinical use, the SR should be processed using different methods after harvest, such as steaming, "sweating", and traditional fire-drying. In order to investigate the difference in chemical constituents using different processing methods, the two-dimensional (2D) H-C heteronuclear single quantum correlation (H-C HSQC)-based metabolomics approach was applied to extensively characterize the difference in the chemical components in the extracts of SR processed using different processing methods.

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, is the most dangerous form of leishmaniasis. Currently no effective vaccine is available for clinical use. Since the pathogenicity of different strains is inconsistent, the differentially expressed proteins in strains may play an important role as virulence factors in pathogenesis.

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