Effects of Miller Petroleum Ether Extract on Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rats and its Potential Molecular Mechanisms.

To investigate the therapeutic effect of petroleum ether extract of Miller (PEEP) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). : The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect cell activity and select the optimal concentration of the extract; the effective site was screened by nitric oxide (NO) colorimetric method and Q-PCR method; the expression of p38, p-p38, p-MK2, and Tristetraprolin (TTP) in RAW 264.7 cells were detected by Western blot.

The Regulatory Role of GBF1 on Osteoclast Activation Through EIF2a Mediated ER Stress and Novel Marker FAM129A Induction.

Bone-resorbing activities of osteoclasts (OCs) are highly dependent on actin cytoskeleton remodeling, plasma membrane reorganization, and vesicle trafficking pathways, which are partially regulated by ARF-GTPases. In the present study, the functional roles of Golgi brefeldin A resistance factor 1 (GBF1) are proposed. GBF1 is responsible for the activation of the ARFs family and vesicular transport at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi interface in different stages of OCs differentiation.

Targeted inhibition of ATP5B gene prevents bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.

Bone resorption by osteoclasts is an energy consuming activity, which depends on mitochondrial ATP. ATP5B, a mitochondrial ATP synthase beta subunit, is a catalytic core involved in producing ATP. Here, we investigated the contribution of ATP5B in osteoclast differentiation and joint destruction.

Asperosaponin VI protects against bone destructions in collagen induced arthritis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis.

Background: Bone destructive diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis and bone metastatic tumors are mainly mediated by over-activated osteoclasts. Asperosaponin VI (AVI), isolated from the rhizome of Dipsacus asper, belongs to triterpenoid saponins. It has multiple physiological activities but its effects on RA, especially on osteoclast differentiation and activation are still unclear.

Therapeutic effects of artesunate on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice are dependent on T follicular helper cell differentiation and activation of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.

Background: Anti-malarial drug artesunate (ART), a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisnin, has immunosuppressive effects on several autoimmune diseases, including Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Colitis. However, molecular mechanisms of ART, especially on follicular helper T cells (Tfh), central players in SLE pathology, are far from clear.

Purpose: The object for this work is to investigate the therapeutic effect of ART on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice and its regulatory function on Tfh cells.

Regulatory role of Golgi brefeldin A resistance factor-1 in amyloid precursor protein trafficking, cleavage and Aβ formation.

β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) deposition derived from sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) through the amyloidogenic pathway is an important characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). During this process, cellular trafficking plays a crucial role. A large Sec7-domain containing ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factor (ARF-GEF), Golgi brefeldin A resistance factor 1 (GBF1) has been reported to initiate the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) activation cascade at trans-Golgi network, which plays a crucial function at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi interface.

Anti-inflammatory furostanol saponins from the rhizomes of Smilax china L.

Seven new furostanol saponins (1-7), chongrenosides A-G, were isolated from the rhizomes of Smilax china L., together with nine known furostanol saponins (8-16). The structures of the new furostanol saponins (1-7) were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analyses (1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS) and chemical evidence.