Preparation, structural characterization, and biological activities of lotus polysaccharides: A review.

Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), belonging to the family of Nelumbonaceae, is a beautiful aquatic perennial plant. It has been used as an ancient horticulture plant and famous agricultural crop for thousands of years. Modern phytochemical and pharmacological experiments have proved that polysaccharide is one of the most pivotal bioactive constituents of lotus.

Electromagnetic Field-Assisted Frozen Tissue Planarization Enhances MALDI-MSI in Plant Spatial Omics.

Plant samples with irregular morphology are challenging for longitudinal tissue sectioning. This has restricted the ability to gain insight into some plants using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). Herein, we develop a novel technique termed electromagnetic field-assisted frozen tissue planarization (EMFAFTP).

Sesquiterpenes and α-pyrones from an endophytic fungus Xylaria curta YSJ-5.

Chemical investigation of the culture extract of an endophyte Xylaria curta YSJ-5 from Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith resulted in the isolation of eight previously undescribed compounds including five eremophilane sesquiterpenes xylarcurenes A-E, one norsesquiterpene xylarcurene F, and two α-pyrone derivatives xylarpyrones A-B together with eight known related derivatives.

Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities of the Plant-Derived Fungus .

A new bergamotane sesquiterpenoid, named xylariterpenoid H (), along with fourteen known compounds (-), were isolated from the crude extract of , an endophytic fungus isolated from L. Their structures were elucidated mainly by extensive analyses of NMR and MS spectroscopic data. In addition, the screening results of antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of compounds - showed that compound displayed antibacterial activities against and MRSA (methicillin-resistant ) with an MIC value of 3.

Rosemary: Unrevealing an old aromatic crop as a new source of promising functional food additive-A review.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is one of the most famous spice plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family as a remarkably beautiful horticultural plant and economically agricultural crop. The essential oil of rosemary has been enthusiastically welcome in the whole world for hundreds of years.

Isolation, identification, and antibacterial evaluation of endophytic fungi from Gannan navel orange.

Gannan navel orange is a famous brand in China but the isolation of its endophytic fungi was rarely reported. In this study, a total of 54 strains of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from the pulp, peel, twig, and leaf of Gannan navel orange; they were successfully identified to belong to 17 species of 12 genera. All these strains were fermented using potato-dextrose agar (PDA) medium, and their secondary metabolites were then extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc).

Two new secondary metabolites isolated from the fungus Penicillium virgatum T49-A.

The extensively chemical investigation of the EtOAc extract of the soil fungus Penicillium virgatum T49-A has successfully led to the isolation of two undescribed secondary metabolites penivirtone A (1) and peniviramide B (2) together with six known compounds. Their chemical structures including the absolute configurations of the two new compounds were comprehensively established by extensive analyses of NMR and HRESIMS spectra as well as ECD powered by theoretical calculations. Moreover, the cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of compounds 1-2 were also evaluated, whereas the two novel compounds showed no notable cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.

Alkyl aromatic derivatives from the endophytic fungus Cytospora rhizophorae.

Two new alkylresorcinols named herein 5'-methoxy-integracins A-B (1-2), two new monomeric alkyl aromatic derivatives 3-(7-hydroxyheptyl)-5-methoxyphenol (5) and 7-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl) heptyl acetate (6), along with four known compounds including integracins A-B (3-4), 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(8-hydroxyoctyl) benzene (7), and cytosporone B (8) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Cytospora rhizophorae A761. The structures of the four new compounds were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS data, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, whereas the compounds 1 and 2 were disclosed as a class of the natural rare-occurring dimeric alkylresorcinol derivatives. Moreover, the bioassays of the new compounds clarified that compound 1 was a potent inhibitor for the α-glucosidase, and compound 2 showed relatively good activity against the tumor cell lines.

The chemical constituents of endophytic fungus of Gannan navel orange.

A new drimane sesquiterpene 11-methoxyl-danilol () was obtained from endophytic fungus of Gannan navel orange pulp. Its structure was established to possess a natural rarely-occurring tricyclic acetal fused ring system by means of spectroscopic data analyses. Meanwhile, five known compounds danilol (), redoxcitrinin (), euphorbol (), ergosta-7,24(24')-dien-3-ol (), and ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one () were also co-isolated in this fungus.

3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic Acid as a Novel Matrix for Enhanced In Situ Detection and Imaging of Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds in Biological Tissues by MALDI-MSI.

Low-molecular-weight (low-MW) compounds have many essential functions in biological processes, and the molecular imaging of as many low-MW compounds as possible is critical for understanding complex biological processes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is an emerging molecular-imaging technology that enables determination of the spatial distributions and the relative abundances of diverse endogenous compounds in tissues. New matrices suitable for the imaging of low-MW compounds by MALDI-MSI are important for the technological advancement of tissue imaging.