Multispectral Integrated Black Arsenene Phototransistors for High-Resolution Imaging and Enhanced Secure Communication.

The demand for broadband, room-temperature infrared, and terahertz (THz) detectors is rapidly increasing owing to crucial applications in telecommunications, security screening, nondestructive testing, and medical diagnostics. Current photodetectors face significant challenges, including high intrinsic dark currents and the necessity for cryogenic cooling, which limit their effectiveness in detecting low-energy photons. Here, we introduce a high-performance ultrabroadband photodetector operating at room temperature based on two-dimensional black arsenene (b-As) nanosheets.

Educational burden reduction, educational inequality, and enrollment pressure: Evidence from China.

With the introduction of a series of educational burden reduction policies in recent years, it has become a major concern for governments and society whether these policies can alleviate students' academic burden. This paper constructs an educational burden reduction policy index and evaluates the impact of the "30 Articles on Educational Burden Reduction (the AEBR)" implemented in 2018 on students' academic burden and physical and mental health. The results show that the AEBR significantly increases the daily sleep duration of primary and secondary school students, but has no significant effects on students' academic burden and mental health, indicating that the implementation of the AEBR is ineffective.

[Carbon Emission for China's Iron and Steel Industry： Peak Scenarios and Neutralization Pathways].

To explore the future carbon emission peak scenarios of China's iron and steel industry as well as the effective pathways for carbon emission neutrality, the generalized Divisia index method （GDIM） was first used to analyze the influencing factors of carbon emission changes from 2001 to 2020, and then Monte Carlo simulation was used to conduct a dynamic scenario simulation of the carbon emission evolution trends from 2021 to 2035. The results showed that： ① Economic output and crude steel production were the most important factors contributing to the increase in carbon emission in the iron and steel industry； among the factors contributing to the decrease, the carbon intensity of economic output had the most significant effect, followed by the carbon intensity of production, and the energy consumption per ton of steel and the energy output rate did not have a significant effect on the decrease in carbon emissions. ② Under the scenario BAU, scenario L, and scenario S, the iron and steel industry could achieve carbon emission peaking in 2030, 2025, and 2020, respectively.

Identification of Long Non-Coding RNA as Potential Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.

To explore the feasibility and clinical application value of differentially expressed lncRNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) as a potential biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). In this study, a case-control trial was conducted to collect a total of 10 samples of PBMC from PMOP and postmenopausal-without-osteoporosis (n-PMOP) patients. RNA sequencing was performed to profile lncRNA and mRNA expression, identifying differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) based on the criteria of fold change (FC) ≥ 2 and value < 0.

Endophytic Bacterial Community, Core Taxa, and Functional Variations Within the Fruiting Bodies of .

Macrofungi do not exist in isolation but establish symbiotic relationships with microorganisms, particularly bacteria, within their fruiting bodies. Herein, we examined the fruiting bodies' bacteriome of seven species of the genus collected from four locations in Yunnan, China. By analyzing bacterial diversity, community structure, and function through 16S rRNA sequencing, we observed the following: (1) In total, 4,840,291 high-quality bacterial sequences obtained from the fruiting bodies were grouped into 16,577 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), and all samples comprised 23 shared bacterial ASVs.

The thrust balance model during the dragonfly hovering flight.

In recent years, the micro air vehicle (MAV) oscillations caused by thrust imbalances have received more attention. This paper proposes a dual-wing thrust balance model (DTBM) that can solve the above problem by iterating the modified rotation angle formula. The core control parameter of the DTBM model is the au angle, which refers to the angle between the wing surface and the stroke plane at the mid-stroke position during the upstroke.

Melatonin attenuates intermittent hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment in aged mice: The role of inflammation and synaptic plasticity.

Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a major pathophysiologic alteration in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), is an important contributor to cognitive impairment. Increasing research suggests that melatonin has anti-inflammatory properties and improves functions related to synaptic plasticity. However, it is unclear whether melatonin has a protective effect against OSAS-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged individuals and the involved mechanisms are also unclear.

Therapeutic effects of different acupuncture methods on chronic nonspecific low back pain: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Low back pain has become a globally challenging health problem, and about 90% of cases are nonspecific. Due to the risks associated with opioid use and the limited effectiveness of drug treatment, acupuncture and other non-drug methods have become the first-line treatment for this disease. However, the best acupuncture method has not yet been determined.

Molecular Dynamics Analysis of Surface-Modified Carbon Nanoparticle Reinforced Epoxy Resin.

Surface-modified carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as reinforcement materials have attracted significant attention due to their potential for substantially enhancing mechanical properties. However, the development and application of CNP-enhanced polymeric materials are constrained by an incomplete understanding of their reinforcement mechanisms, impeding sustainable progress. In this study, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mechanical properties of surface-modified CNP-reinforced epoxy resin composites at the microscopic scale.

Advanced integration of 2DCNN-GRU model for accurate identification of shockable life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias: a deep learning approach.

Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the main threats to human health, significantly affecting the quality and life expectancy. Effective and prompt recognition of these diseases is crucial. This research aims to develop an effective novel hybrid method for automatically detecting dangerous arrhythmias based on cardiac patients' short electrocardiogram (ECG) fragments.

One-Pot Preparation of Layered Double Hydroxide-Engineered Boric Acid Root and Application in Wastewater.

Heavy metals and organic pollutants are prevalent in water bodies, causing great damage to the environment and human beings. Hence, it is urgent to develop a kind of adsorbent with good performance. Anion interlacing layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are a promising adsorbent for the sustainable removal of heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater.

A Pt nanoenzyme- and BODIPY-loaded nanoscale covalent organic framework for relieving intratumoural hypoxia to enhance photodynamic therapy.

Herein, we report a composite COF material loaded with a Pt nanoenzyme and an organic photosensitizer BODIPY, synthesized a stepwise post-synthetic modification. The obtained nanoparticles can efficiently and continuously convert HO to O, thereby increasing the efficiency of single-linear oxygen production and achieving efficient tumor inhibition.

BFE-Net: bilateral fusion enhanced network for gastrointestinal polyp segmentation.

Accurate segmentation of polyp regions in gastrointestinal endoscopic images is pivotal for diagnosis and treatment. Despite advancements, challenges persist, like accurately segmenting small polyps and maintaining accuracy when polyps resemble surrounding tissues. Recent studies show the effectiveness of the pyramid vision transformer (PVT) in capturing global context, yet it may lack detailed information.

Room-Temperature Band-Aligned Infrared Heterostructures for Integrable Sensing and Communication.

The demand for miniaturized and integrated multifunctional devices drives the progression of high-performance infrared photodetectors for diverse applications, including remote sensing, air defense, and communications, among others. Nonetheless, infrared photodetectors that rely solely on single low-dimensional materials often face challenges due to the limited absorption cross-section and suboptimal carrier mobility, which can impair sensitivity and prolong response times. Here, through experimental validation is demonstrated, precise control over energy band alignment in a type-II van der Waals heterojunction, comprising vertically stacked 2D TaNiSe and the topological insulator BiSe, where the configuration enables polarization-sensitive, wide-spectral-range photodetection.

Efficient Deep Spiking Multilayer Perceptrons With Multiplication-Free Inference.

Advancements in adapting deep convolution architectures for spiking neural networks (SNNs) have significantly enhanced image classification performance and reduced computational burdens. However, the inability of multiplication-free inference (MFI) to align with attention and transformer mechanisms, which are critical to superior performance on high-resolution vision tasks, imposes limitations on these gains. To address this, our research explores a new pathway, drawing inspiration from the progress made in multilayer perceptrons (MLPs).

Imaging Thermally Fluctuating Néel Vectors in van der Waals Antiferromagnet NiPS.

Studying antiferromagnetic domains is essential for fundamental physics and potential spintronics applications. Despite their importance, few systematic studies have been performed on antiferromagnet (AFM) domains with high spatial resolution in van der Waals (vdW) materials, and direct probing of the Néel vectors remains challenging. In this work, we found multidomain states in the vdW AFM NiPS, a material extensively investigated for its unique magnetic exciton.

Comparison of the outcomes of concurrent versus staged TAVR combined with PCI in patients with severe aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The optimal timing for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remains uncertain. This research aims to evaluate the results of patients diagnosed with severe aortic valve stenosis and coronary artery disease who undergo either simultaneous or staged PCI therapy during TAVR procedures.

Methods: We retrieved all relevant studies from our self-constructed databases up to January 2, 2024, encompassing databases such as Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and PubMed.

Evolutionary analysis of MADS-box genes in buckwheat species and functional study of FdMADS28 in flavonoid metabolism.

The MADS-box gene family is a transcription factor family that is widely expressed in plants. It controls secondary metabolic processes in plants and encourages the development of tissues like roots and flowers. However, the phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary model of MADS-box genes in Fagopyrum species has not been reported yet.