RON receptor tyrosine kinase as a critical determinant in promoting tumorigenic behaviors of bladder cancer cells through regulating MMP12 and HIF-2α pathways.

The RON receptor tyrosine kinase is critical in the pathogenesis of various cancer types, however, its role in bladder cancer invasive growth is still largely unknown. Here, we found that over 90% of bladder cancer samples exhibit elevated levels of RON expression, with significantly higher expression levels observed in invasive bladder cancer compared to non-invasive bladder cancer. In vitro, RON activation resulted in increased bladder cancer cell migration and invasiveness.

The down-regulation of GADD45B leads to a conversion of cellular oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and promotes the progression of bladder cancer.

Background: The predominant feature of cancer cells during the process of carcinogenesis is the inclination towards glycolytic metabolism rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research investigating the correlation between bladder cancer and mitochondrial energy metabolism.

Methods: A qPCR array comprising 90 genes associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was employed to discern metabolic disparities between three sets of bladder cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue.

Validating the role of PTGIS gene in colorectal cancer by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments.

Prostaglandin I2 synthase (PTGIS) is a member of the cytochrome P450 family. Studies have revealed that differential expression of the PTGIS gene is closely related to the pathological and physiological processes of many diseases, including breast cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and head and neck cancer. However, the mechanism of action of the PTGIS gene in colorectal cancer is not fully understood.

The expression and significance of p4E-BP1/4E-BP1 in prostate cancer.

Background: Although the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 that has been detected in high-grade prostate cancer has been reported in previous studies, overexpression of p4E-BP1 and 4EBP1 and their clinical significance in prostate cancer still remain unknown.

Methods: One hundred six samples of prostate tissues were collected and analyzed by immunohistochemistry with p4E-BP1 or 4E-BP1 specific antibodies. Everolimus was used to block the phosphorylation of p4E-BP1, and then flow cytometry, clone formation, transwell, and wound healing assays were performed to detect the survival and invasive ability of the prostate cancer cells.

Medical evaluation and pharmacotherapeutical strategies in management of urolithiasis.

Treatment of urolithiasis depends on several important factors which include stone location, size, composition, and patient symptoms. Although significant advancements have been made in the surgical management of urolithiasis in the last decade, pharmacotherapy which can prevent the formation of new stones and decrease the recurrence of urolithiasis has not experienced the same level of success. Currently, urolithiasis is regarded as a complicated syndrome that is determined by numerous factors, and any treatment plan for urolithiasis should be individualized while considering any potential damage arising from stone-forming factors.

Emodin Induced Necroptosis and Inhibited Glycolysis in the Renal Cancer Cells by Enhancing ROS.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a tumor with unpredictable presentation and poor clinical outcome. RCC is always resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, and weakly sensitive to immunotherapeutic agents. Therefore, novel agents and approaches are urgently needed for the treatment of RCC.

Efficacy and safety of docetaxel and prednisolone chemotherapy in very elderly men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in real world: a single institute experience.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common type of malignancy in elderly men. Although elderly patients are commonly encountered in clinical practice, few studies have focused on the value of chemotherapy in elderly patients. In this study, we reviewed the use of docetaxel with prednisolone in elderly men (aged ≥80 years) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) at Ningbo First Hospital with a focus on efficacy and toxicity.

Up-Regulation of RIP3 Alleviates Prostate Cancer Progression by Activation of RIP3/MLKL Signaling Pathway and Induction of Necroptosis.

Background: The receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3/RIPK3) was recently found to be a critical regulator of programmed necrosis/necroptosis. However, the biological role and clinical significance of RIP3 in prostate cancer remain obscure.

Methods: Western blotting and QRT-PCR were performed to detect the level of RIP3 in prostate cancer cells.

Advantages of retrograde flexible ureteroscopy in determining the etiology of painless hematuria originating from the upper urinary tract.

The present study investigated the use of retrograde flexible ureteroscopy (RFU) in the discrimination of the etiology of hematuria that originates from the upper urinary tract (UUT). The present study collected retrospective data for patients who presented with hematuria and cystoscopy-detected bleeding from the UUT between June 2006 and August 2018 in Ningbo First Hospital. All patients accepted RFU to determine the etiology of hematuria.

Comparison of levofloxacin-based prophylaxis regimens for transrectal prostate biopsy: a prospective randomized single-center study.

To develop an optimal prophylactic regimen among Chinese patients who accept transrectal prostate biopsy. We enrolled 420 patients who accepted transrectal prostate biopsy. They were randomly classified into three groups (n = 140 for each): Group A received a single 500-mg tablet of levofloxacin without enema; group B received a single 500-mg tablet of levofloxacin plus enema; group C received 3-day levofloxacin orally plus enema.

Resistance Selection and Characterization of Chlorantraniliprole Resistance in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), is considered one of the most damaging lepidopteran pests, and it has developed resistance to all conventional insecticide classes in the field. Chlorantraniliprole is the first commercial insecticide that belongs to the new chemical class of diamide insecticides.

[Effects of water table manipulation on leaf photosynthesis, morphology and growth of Phragmites australis and Imperata cylindrica in the reclaimed tidal wetland at Dongtan of Chongming Island, China].

During the growing season of 2011, the leaf photosynthesis, morphological and growth traits of Phragmites australis and Imperata cylindrica were investigated along a gradient of water table (low, medium and high) in the reclaimed tidal wetland at the Dongtan of Chongming Island in the Yangtze Estuary of China. A series of soil factors, i. e.

[Effects of water table manipulation on the soil respiration in a reclaimed tidal wetland at Dongtan of Chongming Island, China].

From January 2011 to January 2012, a monitoring was made on the soil respiration rate and its major affecting environmental factors along a gradient of water table (low, medium and high) in a reclaimed tidal wetland at the Dongtan of Chongming Island in the Yangtze Estuary of China. The annual soil respiration rate in the wetland with low, medium and high water table was 0.75-11.

Inhibitory effect of esterified lactoferin and lactoferrin against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in tobacco seedlings.

The inhibitory effects of esterified lactoferrin (ELF) and lactoferrin (LF) against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in tobacco seedlings and the underlying mechanism were investigated. ELF and LF significantly inhibited viral infection and TMV multiplication in tobacco plants. ELF showed a higher inhibition effect against TMV than LF treatment in a dose and time-dependent way.

Controls of evapotranspiration and CO2 fluxes from scots pine by surface conductance and abiotic factors.

Evapotranspiration (E) and CO2 flux (Fc ) in the growing season of an unusual dry year were measured continuously over a Scots pine forest in eastern Finland, by eddy covariance techniques. The aims were to gain an understanding of their biological and environmental control processes. As a result, there were obvious diurnal and seasonal changes in E, Fc , surface conductance (gc ), and decoupling coefficient (Ω), showing similar trends to those in radiation (PAR) and vapour pressure deficit (δ).

Inhibitory effect of sulfated lentinan and lentinan against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in tobacco seedlings.

The antiviral activities of sulfated lentinan (sLNT) and lentinan (LNT) against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in tobacco seedlings and the underlying mechanism were investigated. Compared with LNT, sLNT showed significantly higher inhibitory effects on viral infection and TMV multiplication in a dose-dependent way, which might be due to its binding with TMV coat protein. In addition, both sLNT and LNT induced the transient production of H2O2 and expression of some defense-related genes (stilbene synthase, glucanase, acidic chitinase class IV, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and 5-epi-aristolochene synthase) both locally and systemically.

Inhibitory effect of lactoferrin against gray mould on tomato plants caused by Botrytis cinerea and possible mechanisms of action.

Lactoferrin (LF), an 80 kDa iron binding glycoprotein, was effective in the control of gray mould caused by Botrytis cinerea on tomato. LF strongly inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of B. cinerea in vitro, especially at 100 mg/L.

Effects of esterified lactoferrin and lactoferrin on control of postharvest blue mold of apple fruit and their possible mechanisms of action.

The effects of esterified lactoferrin (ELF) and lactoferrin (LF) on blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum in apple fruit stored at 25 °C were investigated. Both ELF and LF provided an effective control and strongly inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of P. expansum in vitro.

A combination of intravitreal bevacizumab injection with tunable argon yellow laser photocoagulation as a treatment for adult-onset Coats' disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intravitreal bevacizumab injections combined with tunable argon yellow laser photocoagulation as a treatment for adult-onset Coats' disease.

Methods: We consecutively treated 3 patients suffering from Coats' disease diagnosed in adulthood with a combination of intravitreal bevacizumab injection and tunable argon yellow laser photocoagulation. All patients received an intravitreal injection of 2.

Toxicities and sublethal effects of seven neonicotinoid insecticides on survival, growth and reproduction of imidacloprid-resistant cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii.

Background: Imidacloprid has been a major neonicotinoid insecticide for controlling Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and other piercing-sucking pests. However, the resistance to imidacloprid has been recorded in many target insects. At the same time, cross-resistance of imidacloprid and other insecticides, especially neonicotinoid insecticides, has been detected.

Impacts of changing climate on the productivity of Norway spruce dominant stands with a mixture of Scots pine and birch in relation to water availability in southern and northern Finland.

A process-based ecosystem model was used to assess the impacts of changing climate on net photosynthesis and total stem wood growth in relation to water availability in two unmanaged Norway spruce (Picea abies) dominant stands with a mixture of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and birch (Betula sp.). The mixed stands were grown over a 100-year rotation (2000-99) in southern and northern Finland with initial species shares of 50, 25 and 25% for Norway spruce, Scots pine and birch, respectively.

[Invasion and its effects of xerarch halophytes in reclaimed tidal wetlands].

With the reclaimed tidal wetland of Chongming Dongtan in Shanghai as a case, and based on the landscape pattern analysis of colored infrared aerial photographs and field survey, this paper studied the invasion of xerarch halophytes and its effects on the original reed community in the wetland after artificial drainage. The results showed that in the test reclaimed tidal wetland area, the xerarch halophyte community with Tripolium vulgare as edificator was spreading from northeast to southwest at a high speed of 143 m per year, with the original reed patch reduced and broken sharply, causing a 22.7 times increase in patch density index and a 1.

[Effects of simulated warming on the growth, leaf phenology, and leaf traits of Salix eriostachya in sub-alpine timberline ecotone of western Sichuan, China].

By using open-top chamber (OTC), the effects of simulated warming on the growth, leaf phenology, and leaf traits of Salix eriostachya in sub-alpine timberline ecotone of Western Sichuan were studied. The results showed that comparing with the control, the mean air temperature at 1.2 m above the ground throughout S.

Growth and wood/bark properties of Abies faxoniana seedlings as affected by elevated CO2.

Growth and wood and bark properties of Abies faxoniana seedlings after one year's exposure to elevated CO2 concentration (ambient + 350 (+/- 25) micromol/mol) under two planting densities (28 or 84 plants/m(2)) were investigated in closed-top chambers. Tree height, stem diameter and cross-sectional area, and total biomass were enhanced under elevated CO2 concentration, and reduced under high planting density. Most traits of stem bark were improved under elevated CO2 concentration and reduced under high planting density.