The strategy for vaginal rejuvenation: CO laser or vaginoplasty?

Background: Vaginal laxity may result from trauma to the pelvic floor muscle, which may affect patients' sensation and quality of life. Vaginal rejuvenation, including surgical or nonsurgical interventions, aims to improve laxity. In this study, we aimed to establish a strategy for vaginal rejuvenation by comparing surgical and nonsurgical methods.

Identification of three novel mutations in Chinese patients with 5α-reductase 2 deficiency.

In this study, we investigated the genetics, clinical features, and therapeutic approach of 14 patients with 5α-reductase deficiency in China. Genotyping analysis was performed by direct sequencing of PCR products of the steroid 5α-reductase type 2 gene (SRD5A2). The 5α-reductase activities of three novel mutations were investigated by mutagenesis and an in vitro transfection assay.

Aromatase deficiency: a novel compound heterozygous mutation identified in a Chinese girl with severe phenotype and obvious maternal virilization.

Background: Aromatase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by an impairment of androgen conversion to estrogens. Affected 46, XX individuals generally present with virilization of external genitalia at birth and mutations in CYP19A1 gene.

Objective: This study described the clinical features and molecular basis of a Chinese 46, XX girl born with ambiguous genitalia and investigated the functional alteration of two novel mutations of the CYP19A1 gene.

Identifying a novel mutation of CYP17A1 gene from five Chinese 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20-lyase deficiency patients.

Mutations of CYP17A1 gene could cause complete or partial, combined or isolated 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase enzyme deficiencies (17OHD). We intended to investigate the CYP17A1 mutation in five unrelated patients and analyze its possible influence on phenotype of an atypical 17OHD patient presented with micropenis, hypertension and intermittent hypokalemia. Steroid hormones were assayed in these patients.

[Repair and functional reconstruction of the penis (a report of 62 cases)].

Objective: To investigate the effects of surgery treatment on serious penile lesions and malformation.

Methods: Sixty-two patients, aged from 19 to 63 years old (mean 35 ys), were included in the study. Among them, 4 patients suffered from penis partial defection were respectively treated with restoring defective penis, penis lengthening and urethroplasty; three patients with penis completely missing were treated with penis reconstruction surgery; 22 cases with serious penile curvature were treated with the 16-dot plication technique (Lue's procedure); 15 cases with penile fracture were treated with conservative treatment for 1 case and with patch penis, corpus spongiosum, and deep penile dorsal vein ligation for 14 cases; 5 cases with post-operative complications of 3-pieces of penile prosthesis, including the prosthesis perforating to the urethra, water pump failure, broken connection tube, erection angle < 60 degrees and failure to expansion the corpus cavernosum, were treated by taking out prostheses, urethral repair cracks, replacement of the prostheses, excision of fibrosis scar and re-implantation prostheses respectively.

A splice site mutation combined with a novel missense mutation of LHCGR cause male pseudohermaphroditism.

Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) is a rare form of male pseudohermaphroditism caused by inactivating mutations in the luteinizing hormone receptor gene (LHCGR). The majority of LHCGR mutations are located in the coding sequence, resulting in impairment of either LH/CG binding or signal transduction. We report a Chinese family with two siblings (46, XY and 46, XX) carrying a missense mutation (c.

[Experimental study of gene therapy with human vascular endothelial growth factor-c in lymphedema].

Objective: To study the efficacy of gene therapy with human vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C) on obstructive lymphedema.

Methods: Two animal models of lymphedema were created: one in the right hind limb of adult New Zealand white rabbits and the other in SD mouse tail. Each model was randomly divided into two groups to receive intradermal injection of either VEGF-C gene (experimental group), or saline(control group).

[Reconstruction of extended skin defect after the radical resection procedure for penile scrotum skin cancer].

Objectives: To investigate the reconstruction of skin defect after extended resection of malignant skin tumor in or adjacent to the genitals, and to investigate the recovery of the function of urinary system and sexual intercourse after the operation.

Methods: From February 1998 to August 2006, 17 patients with carcinoma of sweat gland or Paget's disease in or adjacent to the genitals were given standard radical resections including groin lymph node dissections. The deformation of penis were corrected with the split-thickness skin grafts.

[Treatment of primary lower limb lymphedema with ultrasonic assisted liposuction].

Objective: To observe treatment effects of primary lower limb lymphedema using ultrasonic assisted liposuction.

Methods: Internal ultrasonic liposculpture system combined postoperative continual elastic stockings or bandages were used for reducing lymphatic burdens of the affected limbs by partly removal of lymphedematous tissues.

Results: Edema regression in the affected limbs were obvious at 2 weeks postoperative and kept to stable without recurrence during 1 year follow-up.

[Reconstruction of nasal defects using a reverse preauricular flap by microsurgical technique].

Objective: This article reports the design and application of a free reverse preauricular flap for one-stage reconstruction of nasal defects.

Methods: A preauricular flap was designed according to the nasal defect, which was harvested with the reverse superficial temporal vessels as its vascular pedicle. The flap size ranged from 3.

[Microvascular nasal repair using a reversed superficial temporal artery auricular flap.].

Objective: A reversed superficial temporal artery auricular flap was presented to explore a new method for reconstructing the defects of the distal nose by microsurgical techniques.

Methods: A reversed superficial temporal artery auricular flap had been used on fifteen patients with nasal defects, including thirteen patients with alar defects and two patients with nasal tip defects. The reversed superficial temporal vessels of the flap were anastomosed with the recipient facial vessels.

[The surgical treatment of severely injured vagina].

Objective: To investigate the surgical methods of treating severely injured vagina.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on the clinical materials and results of 7 patients suffered from severe vaginal injury.

Results: Different surgical approaches such as trans-suprapubic, transperineal or both approaches were applied according to the position of the atresia, meanwhile, different surgical methods such as skin graft, free flap transplantation, vaginal mucous flap advancement, direct anastomosis of the two ends, "Z" plasty was used to repair the vagina according to the different defect of the vagina, except for 1 case complicated with vaginorectus fistula, all the other cases were achieved satisfactory results.