Supra- and infra-tentorial degeneration patterns in primary lateral sclerosis: a multimodal longitudinal neuroradiology study.

Background: Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is traditionally solely associated with progressive upper motor neuron dysfunction manifesting in limb spasticity, gait impairment, bulbar symptoms and pseudobulbar affect. Recent studies have described frontotemporal dysfunction in some patients resulting in cognitive manifestations. Cerebellar pathology is much less well characterised despite sporadic reports of cerebellar disease.

Language deficits in primary lateral sclerosis: cortical atrophy, white matter degeneration and functional disconnection between cerebral regions.

Background: Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is traditionally regarded as a pure upper motor neuron disorder, but recent cases series have highlighted cognitive deficits in executive and language domains.

Methods: A single-centre, prospective neuroimaging study was conducted with comprehensive clinical and genetic profiling. The structural and functional integrity of language-associated brain regions and networks were systematically evaluated in 40 patients with PLS in comparison to 111 healthy controls.

The clinical impact of early detection of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales with PCR-based blood culture assays.

Background: Starting January 4, 2021, our health system core microbiology laboratory changed blood culture identification (BCID) platforms to ePlex BCID from BioFire BCID1 with the additional capability to detect the bla gene of ESBL-producing organisms. Clinical outcomes of ESBL bloodstream infections (BSI) after implementing ePlex BCID were unknown.

Methods: Patients with ESBL BSI were compared pre and postimplementation of ePlex BCID in this 11-hospital retrospective analysis (BioFire BCID1 in 2019 vs ePlex BCID in 2021).

Andrographolide Relieves Post-Operative Wound Pain but Affects Local Angiogenesis.

Andrographolide (Andro), the major constituent of , is was known to reduces inflammatory reaction. In the current study, the ability of Andro to reduce pain sensation in a rat post-operative wound model was explored. The hind paws of 18 Sprague-Dawley rats (SD) bearing post-operative wounds received the following three treatments: Saline, Andro via direct injection into the paw (Andro-injected) and Tablet containing Andro + poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) (Andro-tablet).

Interactions between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Severity, Obesity, Sex Difference and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Health-Related Quality of Life: A Non-Interventional Prospective Observational Study.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity, obesity, sex difference, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had a complex impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, the interactive effects among these features on HRQoL remained to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the individual and interactive associations between the four characteristics of interest and HRQoL as determined by 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

Aspergillus pleural empyema in a chronic smoker - A case report and review of literature.

Aspergillus species are ubiquitous saprophytic fungi that are present in the air, water, soil, and decaying vegetables. Clinical features of Aspergillus infection largely depend on the interplay between the fungi and the host immune status. We present a case of a chronic smoker with shortness of breath who was found to have diffuse bronchiectatic changes and empyema of the right lung.

Clusters of anatomical disease-burden patterns in ALS: a data-driven approach confirms radiological subtypes.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is associated with considerable clinical heterogeneity spanning from diverse disability profiles, differences in UMN/LMN involvement, divergent progression rates, to variability in frontotemporal dysfunction. A multitude of classification frameworks and staging systems have been proposed based on clinical and neuropsychological characteristics, but disease subtypes are seldom defined based on anatomical patterns of disease burden without a prior clinical stratification. A prospective research study was conducted with a uniform imaging protocol to ascertain disease subtypes based on preferential cerebral involvement.

Salmonella Septic Arthritis and Bacteremia in a Patient With Poorly Controlled Diabetes.

belongs to the family and is a frequent gastroenteritis pathogen when the food is not well handled. We present a case of indolent septic arthritis of the knee secondary to  bacteremia and uncontrolled diabetes. The knee effusion analysis showed a total nucleated cell count of 9206 cells/uL and no organism was seen under Gram stain.

Phenotypic categorisation of individual subjects with motor neuron disease based on radiological disease burden patterns: A machine-learning approach.

Motor neuron disease is an umbrella term encompassing a multitude of clinically heterogeneous phenotypes. The early and accurate categorisation of patients is hugely important, as MND phenotypes are associated with markedly different prognoses, progression rates, care needs and benefit from divergent management strategies. The categorisation of patients shortly after symptom onset is challenging, and often lengthy clinical monitoring is needed to assign patients to the appropriate phenotypic subgroup.

A Fuzzy Neural Network Model for Rapid Prediction of Optimal Positive Airway Pressures in OSAS Patients.

Manual titration of positive airway pressure (PAP) is a gold standard to provide an optimal pressure for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS). Since manual titration studies were costly and time-consuming, many statistical models for predicting effective PAPs were reported. However, the prediction accuracies of the models associated with nocturnal parameters still remain low.

Explainable fuzzy neural network with easy-to-obtain physiological features for screening obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

Objective/background: Recently, several tools for screening obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) have been devised with varied shortcomings. To overcome these drawbacks, we aimed to propose a self-estimation method using an explainable prediction model with easy-to-obtain variables and evaluate its performance for predicting OSAHS.

Patients/methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study selected significant easy-to-obtain variables from patients, suspected of having OSAHS by regression analysis, and fed these variables into the proposed explainable fuzzy neural network (EFNN), a back propagation neural network (BPNN) and a stepwise regression model to compare the screening performance for OSAHS.

Effects of Water Extract of (Bge.) Kitag. on Different Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

(Bge.) Kitag. (CP) is an important medicinal herb used in Chinese herbal medicine, with a variety of biological activities including anticancer property.

Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion to Identify Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer with Different Vascular Normalization Gene Expression.

Objective: To assess the expression of vascular normalization genes in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer and to determine whether molecular subtypes with a higher vascular normalization gene expression can be identified using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study evaluated 306 female (mean age ± standard deviation, 50 ± 10 years), recruited between January 2014 and August 2017, who had breast cancer larger than 1 cm in diameter (308 tumors). DCE MRI followed by IVIM DWI studies using 11 different b-values (0 to 1200 s/mm²) were performed on a 1.

Mucormycosis after Coronavirus disease 2019 infection in a heart transplant recipient - Case report and review of literature.

Mucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection (IFI) due to several species of saprophytic fungi, occurring in patients with underlying co-morbidities (including organ transplantation). During the ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been increasing reports of bacterial and fungal co-infections occurring in COVID-19 patients, including COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). We describe a case of mucormycosis occurring after COVID-19, in an individual who received a recent heart transplant for severe heart failure.

An Unusual Case of Streptococcus anginosus Endocarditis in a Healthy Host With Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

group (SAG) is a subgroup of viridans streptococci and can be found ubiquitously in normal human flora. SAG is known to form invasive pyogenic infection when it becomes pathogenic. Yet, SAG is a very rare cause of endocarditis, and there is a dearth of case reports on this topic.

Extra-motor cerebral changes and manifestations in primary lateral sclerosis.

Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is classically considered a 'pure' upper motor neuron disorder. Motor cortex atrophy and pyramidal tract degeneration are thought to be pathognomonic of PLS, but extra-motor cerebral changes are poorly characterized. In a prospective neuroimaging study, forty PLS patients were systematically evaluated with a standardised imaging, genetic and clinical protocol.