Functional Study of -Mediated Strigolactone Signaling Pathway in Regulating Cotton Fiber Elongation and Plant Growth.

The novel plant hormone strigolactones (SL) are involved significantly in plant growth and development. Its key members , , can modulate SL signal reception and response negatively and can regulate plant branching remarkably. There are relatively scarce studies of cotton SMXL gene family, and this study was carried out to clarify the role of in cotton fiber development.

Near-infrared light triggered bio-inspired enhanced natural silk fibroin nanofiber composite scaffold for photothermal therapy of periodontitis.

Periodontitis is one of the major oral health issues worldwide, with significant impacts on oral health and patients's quality of life, but current therapies have not achieved optimal regeneration of periodontal tissue. This study developed scaffolds using natural tussah silk fibroin (TSF) cross-linked with regenerated silk fibroin (SF) nanofibers to improve mechanical properties and wet-state stability. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and polydopamine (PDA) composite nanoparticles were loaded into scaffold to impart its antibacterial and photothermal properties to construct a photo-responsive composite scaffold (ZnO/PDA/TSF-SF).

Luteolin as an adjuvant effectively enhanced the efficacy of adoptive tumor-specific CTLs therapy.

Background: Luteolin, a natural flavonoid compound, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and broad anti-tumor properties. Recent studies suggest that its anti-tumor effects are linked to enhanced CTL function-including proliferation, survival, and cytotoxicity-via inhibition of the YAP/Wnt signaling pathway in tumor cells. Consequently, luteolin has potential as an adjuvant in combination therapies with adoptive immunotherapy.

Cerium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles Reinforced 3D-Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds toward Enhanced Mechanical, Antioxidant, and Osteogenic Activities for Bone Regeneration.

The repair of critical-sized bone defects remains a substantial clinical challenge. While 3D printing of bioceramics has emerged as a promising strategy to address this issue, conventional bioceramics often exhibit limited antioxidant and osteogenic activities. To address these limitations, a novel approach is introduced to enhance 3D-printed hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds by incorporating cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ce-MBGNs) into the digital light processing.

Study on the size and spatial configuration of liquid metal droplets in conductive hydrogels induced by surface acoustic waves.

Conductive hydrogels based on liquid metal microdroplets are widely used as wearable electronic devices. Droplet uniformity affects sensor sensitivity for weak signals, such as heart rate and pulse rate. Surface acoustic waves at micrometer wavelengths allow precise control of a single droplet, and have the potential to make uniformly discrete liquid metal droplets and distribute them in hydrogels.

SERS-Active Micro/Nanomachines for Biosensing.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a powerful noninvasive analytical technique with widespread applications in biochemical analysis and biomedical diagnostics. The need for highly sensitive, reproducible, and efficient detection of biomolecules in complex biological environments has driven significant advancements in SERS-based biosensing platforms. In this context, micro/nanomachines (MNMs) have garnered attention as versatile SERS-active substrates due to their unique structural and motional characteristics at the micro- and nanoscale.

[Study on Vibration Characteristics of Deep Brain Stimulator Induced by Magnetic Resonance Gradient Magnetic Field].

The gradient coils of MRI equipment can induce vibrations in implantable medical devices, causing periodic vibrations of implantable medical devices with respect to the surrounding tissue. This not only results in instrument failure but also causes discomfort to the patient. Therefore, studying the vibration characteristics of implantable devices under different scanning sequences and the orientation of the device relative to the magnetic field is crucial for comprehending vibration performance.

Hydrogen production by suspension self-rotation enhanced pyrolysis of sludge particles in cyclone.

The challenges faced by sludge pyrolysis units, including poor heat transfer efficiency and uneven heating of material groups, significantly hinder the green and low-carbon transformation and sustainable development of sludge treatment. The suspension self-rotation of sludge particles in a cyclone enhances particle heat transfer, thereby improving the pyrolysis process. In this study, we developed a novel method for sludge pyrolysis using Cyclone Suspension Self-Rotation Pyrolysis Reactor (CSSPR).

FTW SERS probes with Ag NCs-GO composite structure excited by evanescent wave for in situ detection of permethrin.

Background: Permethrin is a pesticide used to kill insects, and once used in excess, it poses a great threat to the environment and human health, therefore, it is necessary to realize the rapid and accurate detection of permethrin. Fiber optic surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probes have the advantages of small volume and can be used for remote monitoring, which have great potential for application in achieving in-situ detection of pesticide residues.

Results: Fiber taper waist (FTW) SERS probes modified by silver nanocubes-graphene oxide (Ag NCs-GO) composite structures were prepared for in situ detection of permethrin in lake water.

Comparing parboiling and milling for selenium-enriched rice (): Differences in selenium speciation, texture, microstructure, and sensory.

Parboiled rice can effectively retain Se during milling. In this study, Se-enriched rice grains were sprayed with three different concentrations of bioSeNPs fertilizer on the leaves at heading stage and then processed into parboiled and milled rice. The aim was to investigate the effects of parboiling on Se speciation, texture, microstructure, taste, and flavor of cooked rice.

Environment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science.

This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the CTSA Program led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the United States. Key findings indicate a diverse range of institutional strategies, with most organizations in the experimental phase of GenAI deployment. The results underscore the need for a more coordinated approach to GenAI governance, emphasizing collaboration among senior leaders, clinicians, information technology staff, and researchers.

Multimodal Pain Recognition in Postoperative Patients: Machine Learning Approach.

Background: Acute pain management is critical in postoperative care, especially in vulnerable patient populations that may be unable to self-report pain levels effectively. Current methods of pain assessment often rely on subjective patient reports or behavioral pain observation tools, which can lead to inconsistencies in pain management. Multimodal pain assessment, integrating physiological and behavioral data, presents an opportunity to create more objective and accurate pain measurement systems.

Growth and differentiation factor 15: An emerging therapeutic target for brain diseases.

Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the transforming growth factor-βsuperfamily, is considered a stress response factor and has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to its roles in neurological diseases. Although many studies have suggested that GDF15 expression is elevated in patients with neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), glioma, and ischemic stroke, the effects of increased GDF15 expression and the potential underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Notably, many experimental studies have shown the multidimensional beneficial effects of GDF15 on NDDs, and GDF15 overexpression is able to rescue NDD-associated pathological changes and phenotypes.

Novel Hsp90α inhibitor inhibits HSV-1 infection by suppressing the Akt/β-catenin pathway.

Objective: The prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection and the emergence of drug-resistant HSV-1 strains posts a significant global health challenge, necessitating the urgent development of effective anti-HSV-1 drugs. As one of the most prevalent molecular chaperones, heat shock protein 90 α (Hsp90α) has been extensively demonstrated to regulate a range of viral infections, thus representing a promising antiviral target. In this study, we identified JD-13 as a novel Hsp90α inhibitor and explored its capability in inhibiting HSV-1 infection.

Light-dependent Br-org production in terrestrial plants under acetaminophen stress and the bromination mechanisms mediated by photosystem.

Due to the endocrine toxicity, neurotoxic, and reproductive toxicity to organisms, the sources and risks of brominated organic pollutants have attracted widespread attention. However, knowledge gaps remain in the bromination processes of emerging phenolic pollutants in plants, which may increase the potential health risk associated with food exposure. Our study discovered that light induced generation and accumulation of more toxic brominated organic compounds (Br-org) in lettuce leaves under the stress of acetaminophen (ACE) than that without light, as evidenced by an increase in C-Br bond intensity in FTIR analysis.

Tau Pathology Drives Disease-Associated Astrocyte Reactivity in Salt-Induced Neurodegeneration.

Dietary high salt intake is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have identified a population of disease-associated astrocytes (DAA)-like astrocytes closely linked to amyloid deposition and tau pathology in an AD mouse model. However, the presence and role of these astrocytes in high-salt diet (HSD) models remain unexplored.

Introducing halogen-bonded gates into zeolitic frameworks for efficient benzene/cyclohexene/cyclohexane separation.

The separation of C cyclic hydrocarbons (benzene, cyclohexene, and cyclohexane) is one of the most challenging chemical processes in the petrochemical industry. Herein, we design and synthesize a new SOD-topology metal azolate framework (MAF) with aperture gating behaviour controlled by C-Br⋯N halogen bonds, which exhibits distinct temperature- and guest-dependent adsorption behaviours for benzene/cyclohexene/cyclohexane. More importantly, the MAF enables the efficient purification of benzene from its binary and ternary mixtures (selectivity up to 113 ± 2; purity up to 98% +), which is the highest record for benzene/cyclohexane/cyclohexene separation to date.

Bioactive Glasses: Advancing Skin Tissue Repair through Multifunctional Mechanisms and Innovations.

As a complex and dynamically regulated process, wound healing is collaboratively carried out by multiple types of cells. However, the precise mechanisms by which these cells contribute to immune regulation are not yet fully understood. Although research on bone regeneration has been quite extensive, the application of bioactive glass (BG) in skin tissue repair remains still relatively underexplored.

Pretreatment red blood cell distribution width as a predictive marker for postoperative complications after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy.

Background: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with the development and progression of various diseases.

Aim: To explore the association between pretreatment RDW and short-term outcomes after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD).

Methods: A total of 804 consecutive patients who underwent LPD at our hospital between March 2017 and November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Psychological Status and its Influencing Factors of Staff in a District of Shenzhen: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, as psychological and emotional diseases, have serious impact on people's physical and mental health, and receive increasing academic attention. This study aimed to examine anxiety, depression, and sleep disorder of staff in a district of Shenzhen and to provide the basis for the development of targeted intervention measures to improve the psychological status of cadres.

Methods: Based on the psychological evaluation data of staff cadres in a district of Shenzhen City obtained from January to December 2020, a stratified sampling method was adopted to randomly select two streets and three communities in each street.

Advances in Exercise and Dietary Interventions for Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Peripheral arterial disease(PAD)is a common atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.The patients with this disease experience pain during exercise,which is relieved after rest.Exercise interventions,dietary interventions,and combined interventions can treat PAD via different mechanisms.

HDAC6 deacetylates TRIM56 to negatively regulate cGAS-STING-mediated type I interferon responses.

Histone deacetylase HDAC6 has been implicated in regulating antiviral innate immunity. However, its precise function in response to DNA virus infection remains elusive. Herein, we find that HDAC6 deficiency promotes the activation of cGAS-STING signaling and type I interferon (IFN) production, both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in a decrease in HSV-1 infection.

Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Methane to Ethane Using CO as a Soft Oxidant over the Au/TiO-V Nanosheets.

Photocatalytic oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) offers an appealing route for converting greenhouse gas into valuable C hydrocarbons. However, O as the most commonly used oxidant, tends to result in inevitable overoxidation and waste of methane feedstock. Herein, we first report a photocatalytic OCM using CO as a soft oxidant for CH production under mild conditions, where an efficient photocatalyst with unique interface sites is designed and constructed to facilitate CO adsorption and activation, while concurrently boosting CH dissociation.

Distinct knee phenotype variation: a comparative analysis of medial and lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: Lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is relatively less common than medial UKA. There has been no comparative analysis of the constitutional phenotypes of knees that underwent medial and lateral UKA. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) classification of knees that underwent medial and lateral UKA.