Myeloid subsets impede the efficacy of anti-PD1 therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer (WJOG10417GTR study).

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and deadly malignant diseases worldwide. Despite revolutionary advances, the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD1/PDL1 monoclonal antibodies in advanced GC is still low due to the emergence of innate and acquired resistance to treatment. Myeloid cells represent the majority of human immune cells.

Concordance analysis of microsatellite instability status between polymerase chain reaction based testing and next generation sequencing for solid tumors.

Various malignancies exhibit high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR). The MSI-IVD kit, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method, was the first tumor-agnostic companion diagnostic to detect MSI status in MSI-H solid tumors. Recently, next-generation sequencing (NGS), which can also detect MSI-H/dMMR, has been made clinically available; however, its real-world concordance with PCR-based testing of MSI-H/dMMR remains to be investigated.

The Entire Intestinal Tract Surveillance Using Capsule Endoscopy after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Administration: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Despite the proven efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against various types of malignancies, they have been found to induce immune-related adverse events, such as enterocolitis; however, the clinical features of ICI-induced enterocolitis remain to be sufficiently elucidated, which is significant, considering the importance of early detection in the appropriate management and treatment of ICI-induced enterocolitis. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the utility of capsule endoscopy as a screening tool for ICI-induced enterocolitis.

Methods: This single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted on patients with malignancy who received any ICI between April 2016 and July 2020 at Keio University Hospital.

Multiple Immune-Related Adverse Events and Anti-Tumor Efficacy: Real-World Data on Various Solid Tumors.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved for various types of cancer; however, they cause a broad spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The association between the development of irAEs and the clinical benefit remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the association of irAEs and the treatment efficacy in real-world practice.