Physicochemical characterization and protective effects of raw and nine-steamed Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharides on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.

Polygonatum cyrtonema (PC) is a traditional Chinese herb used in both food and medicine with considerable bioactivity. The nine-steam processed pieces of PC are the main form of clinical application, while research has focused on the polysaccharide of their crude form. This study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and protective effects of polysaccharides from both crude PC (PCP) and nine-steamed PC (NPCP) against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression.

Vascular Response, Downstream Effect, and Pharmacokinetics After Sirolimus- and Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons in Porcine Coronary Arteries.

Background: Paclitaxel (PCB) and sirolimus-coated balloons (SCB) are major therapeutic options for coronary artery disease, but there is no direct head-to-head histological comparison of their effects during the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Aims: We aimed to investigate the vascular and downstream effects and drug pharmacokinetics in a porcine coronary model treated with MagicTouch-SCB (MT-SCB), Selution-SRL-SCB (SEL-SCB), Agent PCB, and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA).

Methods: Twenty-eight coronary arteries from 10 pigs were treated with one of three drug-coated balloons (DCBs) (n = 7 for each) or POBA (n = 7) with 28 days follow-up.

MiR-147b-3p promotes osteogenesis by targeting NDUFA4 and PI3K/AKT pathway.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a progressive metabolic bone disease characterized by impaired bone microarchitecture, decreased bone strength, and dysregulated bone remodeling, leading to an increased risk of fractures. Among osteoporotic fractures, osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) are the most common and can significantly impact patients' quality of life. Growing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in bone homeostasis by regulating osteoblast differentiation, bone metabolism, and remodeling processes.

The clinical characteristics and implications of acute kidney injury during induction therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Background: Dual induction with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has made acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) a curable disease. However, differentiation syndrome (DS) can be a life-threatening complication of induction therapy. It is considered to result from a severe systemic inflammatory response mediated by increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules on differentiating blast cells.

Wide Bandgap Tellurium Oxide Semiconductor as A Back Contact Modifier for Efficient n-i-p SbSe Solar Cells.

The wide-bandgap and p-type semiconductor layer plays a crucial role in the antimony selenide (SbSe) solar cells, as it can provide carrier confinement and inhibit interface recombination. In this work, the tellurium (Te) thin layer is innovatively applied in superstrate SbSe solar cells, which is further in situ oxidized to wide-bandgap (3.67 eV) tellurium oxide (TeO).

Modification of the Se/MoO Rear Interface for Efficient Wide-Band-Gap Trigonal Selenium Solar Cells.

Trigonal selenium (t-Se) is a promising wide-band-gap photovoltaic material with a high absorption coefficient, abundant resources, simple composition, nontoxicity, and a low melting point, making it suitable for absorbers in advanced indoor and tandem photovoltaic applications. However, severe electrical losses at the rear interface of the t-Se absorber, caused by work function and lattice mismatches, limit the voltage output and overall performance. In this study, a strategy to enhance carrier transport and collection by modifying interfacial chemical interactions is proposed.

TFAP2A Activates ADAM8 to Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma Angiogenesis Through the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway.

As the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is closely associated with angiogenesis, which is fundamental to its progression. ADAM8 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8) is an enzyme associated with tumor invasion, while its implications in LUAD angiogenesis are a field that awaits exploration. A thorough investigation into the impacts of ADAM8 on LUAD angiogenesis could contribute to the development of therapeutic drugs for LUAD.

GATD3A-deficiency-induced mitochondrial dysfunction facilitates senescence of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and osteoarthritis progression.

Accumulating evidence indicates that cellular senescence is closely associated with osteoarthritis. However, there is limited research on the mechanisms underlying fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and its impact on osteoarthritis progression. Here, we elucidate a positive correlation between fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and osteoarthritis progression and reveal that GATD3A deficiency induces fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence.

Effect of Hot Junction Size on the Temperature Measurement of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using NiCr/NiSi Thin-Film Thermocouple Sensors.

In the process of using thin-film thermocouples for contact measurement of the reaction temperature in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), the impact of thin-film thermocouple volume on the system's reaction temperature field variation, reaction efficiency, and the lifespan of thermocouples under these conditions is not thoroughly studied. Using magnetron sputtering technology, NiCr/NiSi thin-film thermocouples (NiCr/NiSi TFTCs) with different junction sizes were fabricated on the proton exchange membrane (PEM). These NiCr/NiSi TFTCs exhibit excellent compactness, with thickness and planar dimensions in the micrometer range.

Experimental Investigation of the Combustion Characteristics and Thermal Hazards of Methylsilyl-Modified Silica Aerogels.

The thermal safety of hydrophobic silica aerogels (SAs) is essential to thermal insulation applications. Herein, trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS), dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS), and methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) were employed as surface modifiers to prepare three different methylsilyl-modified SAs (i.e.

Standard dose anthracycline plus all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide as induction chemotherapy significantly reduces early death and relapse for high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia: a single-center real-world analysis.

Background: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) have revolutionized the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the management of high-risk APL has not been conclusively established. The optimal dosage of anthracycline in the induction has long been debated when ATO is added.

Evaluating the drug-drug interactions of SHR4640 on repaglinide and midazolam in healthy subjects.

Background: SHR4640, a highly selective URAT1 inhibitor, was evaluated to investigate its inhibitory effects on CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 in vivo clinical trial. This study assessed the pharmacokinetic (PK) impact of SHR4640 when co-administered with the CYP2C8 probe substrate repaglinide and the CYP3A4 probe substrate midazolam.

Research Design And Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to SHR4640 Group A, SHR4640 Group B, and placebo group and received oral repaglinide, midazolam, SHR4640 or placebo at specific times.

Genetically predicted plasma metabolites mediate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated hematologic disorder characterized by a reduction in platelet count, increasing the risk of bleeding. Recent studies have indicated a close association between alterations in gut microbiota and the development of ITP. However, the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence the occurrence and progression of ITP through plasma metabolites remain poorly understood.

Quercetin ameliorates lupus symptoms by promoting the apoptosis of senescent Tfh cells via the Bcl-2 pathway.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that commonly affects the skin, kidneys, joints, and various other systemic tissues, with its development intricately linked to the process of immunosenescence. Quercetin (QC), a phytochemical that occurs naturally, demonstrates many different biological capabilities, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Our investigation found that QC effectively reduced kidney damage and relieved mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) swelling in MRL/lpr lupus mice.

Unraveling immobilization mechanisms of Cd in soil by MgO-modified palygorskite/biochar composite: DFT calculation and combined-artificial aging.

In this study, a combination method of freeze-thaw cycle, dry-wet cycle, and chemical agings was used to investigate the aging effect of MgO-modified palygorskite/biochar composite (MPBC) in soil, and its immobilization capacity on Cd under aging. The immobilization mechanisms of MPBC for Cd were explored through several characterizations and DFT calculations. The results showed that MPBC effectively reduced the activate state of Cd by 56.

The first-in-human study to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the factor XI monoclonal antibody SHR-2004 in healthy subjects.

Background: Inhibiting the coagulation factor XI (FXI) is a novel strategy for prevention and treatment of thromboembolism without affecting extrinsic coagulation pathways. SHR-2004 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to FXI and factor XIa (FXIa).

Research Design & Methods: This randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation, placebo-controlled study evaluated SHR-2004 administered either intravenously (i.

Effect of Hepatic Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of SHR4640, a Selective Human Urate Transporter 1 Inhibitor.

This parallel-group, open-label Phase I study evaluated the effect of mild to moderate hepatic impairment on pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety of a single oral dose of SHR4640. Participants with mild or moderate hepatic impairment were enrolled, with each cohort consisting of eight individuals, alongside eight well-matched controls with normal hepatic function. The participants were administered 10 mg SHR4640, and blood samples were collected for PK evaluation over 72 h.

Sestrin2 Restricts Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by Lipolysaccharide via Autophagy.

Objectives: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a significant biological phenomenon wherein endothelial cells undergo a loss of their endothelial traits and progressively acquire mesenchymal characteristics. Consequently, this transformation leads to both a compromised ability to maintain lumen permeability and alterations in vascular structure, which hampers the preservation of blood-brain barrier integrity. This study aimed to investigate inflammation-induced EndoMT and its etiology, with the goal of impeding the infiltration of peripheral inflammation into the central nervous system.