Publications by authors named "Kai Shen"

Polygonatum cyrtonema (PC) is a traditional Chinese herb used in both food and medicine with considerable bioactivity. The nine-steam processed pieces of PC are the main form of clinical application, while research has focused on the polysaccharide of their crude form. This study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics and protective effects of polysaccharides from both crude PC (PCP) and nine-steamed PC (NPCP) against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression.

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Background: Paclitaxel (PCB) and sirolimus-coated balloons (SCB) are major therapeutic options for coronary artery disease, but there is no direct head-to-head histological comparison of their effects during the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Aims: We aimed to investigate the vascular and downstream effects and drug pharmacokinetics in a porcine coronary model treated with MagicTouch-SCB (MT-SCB), Selution-SRL-SCB (SEL-SCB), Agent PCB, and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA).

Methods: Twenty-eight coronary arteries from 10 pigs were treated with one of three drug-coated balloons (DCBs) (n = 7 for each) or POBA (n = 7) with 28 days follow-up.

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Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a progressive metabolic bone disease characterized by impaired bone microarchitecture, decreased bone strength, and dysregulated bone remodeling, leading to an increased risk of fractures. Among osteoporotic fractures, osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) are the most common and can significantly impact patients' quality of life. Growing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in bone homeostasis by regulating osteoblast differentiation, bone metabolism, and remodeling processes.

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Background: Dual induction with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has made acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) a curable disease. However, differentiation syndrome (DS) can be a life-threatening complication of induction therapy. It is considered to result from a severe systemic inflammatory response mediated by increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules on differentiating blast cells.

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The wide-bandgap and p-type semiconductor layer plays a crucial role in the antimony selenide (SbSe) solar cells, as it can provide carrier confinement and inhibit interface recombination. In this work, the tellurium (Te) thin layer is innovatively applied in superstrate SbSe solar cells, which is further in situ oxidized to wide-bandgap (3.67 eV) tellurium oxide (TeO).

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Trigonal selenium (t-Se) is a promising wide-band-gap photovoltaic material with a high absorption coefficient, abundant resources, simple composition, nontoxicity, and a low melting point, making it suitable for absorbers in advanced indoor and tandem photovoltaic applications. However, severe electrical losses at the rear interface of the t-Se absorber, caused by work function and lattice mismatches, limit the voltage output and overall performance. In this study, a strategy to enhance carrier transport and collection by modifying interfacial chemical interactions is proposed.

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As the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is closely associated with angiogenesis, which is fundamental to its progression. ADAM8 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8) is an enzyme associated with tumor invasion, while its implications in LUAD angiogenesis are a field that awaits exploration. A thorough investigation into the impacts of ADAM8 on LUAD angiogenesis could contribute to the development of therapeutic drugs for LUAD.

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Accumulating evidence indicates that cellular senescence is closely associated with osteoarthritis. However, there is limited research on the mechanisms underlying fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and its impact on osteoarthritis progression. Here, we elucidate a positive correlation between fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and osteoarthritis progression and reveal that GATD3A deficiency induces fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence.

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In the process of using thin-film thermocouples for contact measurement of the reaction temperature in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), the impact of thin-film thermocouple volume on the system's reaction temperature field variation, reaction efficiency, and the lifespan of thermocouples under these conditions is not thoroughly studied. Using magnetron sputtering technology, NiCr/NiSi thin-film thermocouples (NiCr/NiSi TFTCs) with different junction sizes were fabricated on the proton exchange membrane (PEM). These NiCr/NiSi TFTCs exhibit excellent compactness, with thickness and planar dimensions in the micrometer range.

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The thermal safety of hydrophobic silica aerogels (SAs) is essential to thermal insulation applications. Herein, trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS), dimethyldichlorosilane (DMDCS), and methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS) were employed as surface modifiers to prepare three different methylsilyl-modified SAs (i.e.

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Background: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) have revolutionized the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the management of high-risk APL has not been conclusively established. The optimal dosage of anthracycline in the induction has long been debated when ATO is added.

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Background: SHR4640, a highly selective URAT1 inhibitor, was evaluated to investigate its inhibitory effects on CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 in vivo clinical trial. This study assessed the pharmacokinetic (PK) impact of SHR4640 when co-administered with the CYP2C8 probe substrate repaglinide and the CYP3A4 probe substrate midazolam.

Research Design And Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to SHR4640 Group A, SHR4640 Group B, and placebo group and received oral repaglinide, midazolam, SHR4640 or placebo at specific times.

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Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated hematologic disorder characterized by a reduction in platelet count, increasing the risk of bleeding. Recent studies have indicated a close association between alterations in gut microbiota and the development of ITP. However, the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence the occurrence and progression of ITP through plasma metabolites remain poorly understood.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were conducted using advanced techniques, including MALDI-TOF MS and broth microdilution methods, revealing resistance to multiple antibiotics.
  • * Whole-genome sequencing and conjugation experiments showed that the bla gene is located on a mobile plasmid, which raises concerns about the potential spread of antibiotic resistance, indicating the need for increased surveillance in public health.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that commonly affects the skin, kidneys, joints, and various other systemic tissues, with its development intricately linked to the process of immunosenescence. Quercetin (QC), a phytochemical that occurs naturally, demonstrates many different biological capabilities, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Our investigation found that QC effectively reduced kidney damage and relieved mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) swelling in MRL/lpr lupus mice.

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  • - This study evaluated how [F]FDG PET/CT imaging can predict survival in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, focusing on those with visceral (organ) and bone metastases.
  • - Among 267 patients analyzed, those with higher [F]FDG uptake in metastatic lesions had a significantly shorter overall survival compared to those with lower uptake, with specific survival durations noted for lung and liver metastases.
  • - The research concluded that elevated [F]FDG uptake in metastatic areas is a strong indicator of poorer prognosis, while uptake in primary tumors was not effective for predicting outcomes, emphasizing the utility of [F]FDG PET/CT in patient management.
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  • SHR-1707 is a novel monoclonal antibody designed to target Aβ, aiming to reduce plaque formation in potential Alzheimer's disease treatment; preclinical tests in mice have shown promising results in decreasing Aβ deposits.* -
  • Two phase 1 clinical trials were conducted to assess SHR-1707 in healthy adults in China and Australia, focusing on safety, tolerability, and how the drug behaves in the body (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics) after a single intravenous dose.* -
  • Results indicated that SHR-1707 was generally well-tolerated with mostly mild adverse effects reported; the drug showed a dose-dependent increase in plasma Aβ levels, with similar safety and body response profiles observed in both younger and
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  • - The study investigates the temperature gradient between the growth surface and substrate during the thin-film growth of TiO films, challenging the common assumption that they are at the same temperature.
  • - A specialized NiCr/NiSi thin-film thermocouple is created to measure this temperature gradient during the growth process, showing significant temperature differences across its layers.
  • - The measured temperature of the substrate is consistent at 132.05 °C, and the study constructs a model to better understand heat conduction in the vacuum chamber during film growth.
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In this study, a combination method of freeze-thaw cycle, dry-wet cycle, and chemical agings was used to investigate the aging effect of MgO-modified palygorskite/biochar composite (MPBC) in soil, and its immobilization capacity on Cd under aging. The immobilization mechanisms of MPBC for Cd were explored through several characterizations and DFT calculations. The results showed that MPBC effectively reduced the activate state of Cd by 56.

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  • Humic acids (HAs) released during thermal hydrolysis pretreatment significantly disrupt anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge, with their molecular weights influencing various microbial processes.
  • Different sources of HAs have markedly different effects on methane production; for instance, commercial HAs inhibited it by 53.3%, while HAs from raw sludge increased it by 20.5%.
  • The study highlights that larger molecular weight HAs inhibit extracellular enzymes more significantly, while smaller ones impact intracellular enzymes, thus affecting sludge treatment outcomes through their molecular weight variations.
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Background: Inhibiting the coagulation factor XI (FXI) is a novel strategy for prevention and treatment of thromboembolism without affecting extrinsic coagulation pathways. SHR-2004 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to FXI and factor XIa (FXIa).

Research Design & Methods: This randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation, placebo-controlled study evaluated SHR-2004 administered either intravenously (i.

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  • A first-in-human study evaluated HRS-1780, an oral medication targeting mineralocorticoid receptors, in healthy men to assess its safety and tolerability.
  • The study involved single and multiple ascending doses, revealing that HRS-1780 was well tolerated with mild adverse events and showed potential effects on systolic blood pressure and plasma levels of aldosterone and norepinephrine.
  • The results indicated HRS-1780 has a favorable safety profile and does not significantly prolong QTcF intervals, despite a limited sample size and short duration of the trial.
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This parallel-group, open-label Phase I study evaluated the effect of mild to moderate hepatic impairment on pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety of a single oral dose of SHR4640. Participants with mild or moderate hepatic impairment were enrolled, with each cohort consisting of eight individuals, alongside eight well-matched controls with normal hepatic function. The participants were administered 10 mg SHR4640, and blood samples were collected for PK evaluation over 72 h.

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  • A study on 899 AML patients from July 2016 to December 2021 found that 5.6% had specific mutations, which interacted with other mutations but were not found with certain others.
  • The presence of these mutations was linked to lower remission rates and worse outcomes for those receiving intensive chemotherapy.
  • The research indicates that these mutations serve as an independent prognostic factor for AML, suggesting their role as a new marker for severe disease and poor prognosis.
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Objectives: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a significant biological phenomenon wherein endothelial cells undergo a loss of their endothelial traits and progressively acquire mesenchymal characteristics. Consequently, this transformation leads to both a compromised ability to maintain lumen permeability and alterations in vascular structure, which hampers the preservation of blood-brain barrier integrity. This study aimed to investigate inflammation-induced EndoMT and its etiology, with the goal of impeding the infiltration of peripheral inflammation into the central nervous system.

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