Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing identifies APOC1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target for G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma is characterized by its high malignancy, frequent recurrence and insensitivity to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This resistance may be associated with the presence of cells in the G0/G1 arrest phase within the cancer. Cancer cells in the G0/G1 phase are resistant to therapies targeting actively dividing cells, allowing them to evade conventional adjuvant treatments and survive.

Advancing methodologies for assessing the impact of land use changes on water quality: a comprehensive review and recommendations.

With increasing scholarly focus on the ramifications of land use changes on water quality, although substantial research has been undertaken, the findings demonstrate pronounced spatial variability and the heterogeneity of research methodologies. To address this critical gap, this review offers a rigorous evaluation of the strengths and limitations of current research methodologies, providing targeted recommendations for refinement. It systematically assesses the existing body of literature concerning the influence of land use changes on water quality, with particular emphasis on the spatial heterogeneity of research results and the uniformity of employed methodologies.

Resolving ecological drivers of temporal variations of β-diversity across intertidal microbiomes.

Resolving the ecological drivers mediating the diversity patterns of microbial communities across space and through time is a central issue in microbial ecology. Both regional species pools and local community assembly contribute to the spatial turnover of biodiversity. In this study, we extended the concept of regional species pool to temporal, and investigated the seasonal dynamics of intertidal microbiomes across four microbial domains/kingdoms (bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protists).

The Function of B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator and Its Role in Transplantation.

Immune checkpoints are important molecules that regulate the immune response, preventing its overactivation from causing tissue damage and autoimmune diseases. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) plays an important role in regulating the activation and suppression of the immune response as part of a bidirectional signaling complex. The BTLA and its ligand herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) interaction transmits inhibitory signals that suppress the biological activity of T cells, B cells, and DCs.

Effect of Salivary Flow Rate, Particle Size, and Concentration on Sensations and Liking for Fiber-Fortified Beverages.

Xerostomia (perceived oral dryness) is a common problem in older adults, often due to hyposalivation, which can cause difficulty in eating and swallowing, resulting in insufficient dietary fiber intake. Recent work shows salivary flow rate, particle size, and concentration are major factors for particle perception in beverages. Given that disliking drives non-consumption, here we explore how particle size, concentration, and salivary flow rate may affect liking in a fiber-fortified model beverage.

Paediatric aortic regurgitation secondary to Behçet's disease: aortic cusp replacement with autologous pericardium.

Behçet's disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder, occasionally complicated by the need for aortic surgery due to vasculitis in children in whom growth potential is crucial. This report details the case of a 4-year-old girl with severe aortic regurgitation secondary to Behçet's disease. An initial echocardiographic scan revealed a thickened, prolapsed aortic valve with severe regurgitation, leading to a confirmed diagnosis of Behçet's disease with aortic regurgitation.

Transcriptome and MicroRNA Analysis of in Response to Low-Temperature Stress.

Walnuts are among the globally significant woody food and oil tree species. At high latitudes, they frequently experience late-frost damage, inducing low-temperature stress, which significantly affects walnut seedlings. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological and biochemical alterations in walnut seedlings under low-temperature (LT) stress along with its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Association between gallbladder disease and colorectal neoplasia: a meta-analysis.

Although studies are available on the impact of gallbladder disease on the risk of colorectal neoplasia (CRN), the results are still debatable. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the correlation between gallbladder diseases and CRN. Eligible studies up to June 2024 were screened and retrieved using PubMed and Web of Science as well as by performing a manual review of references.

Changes and clinical significance of serum vitamin A, 25-(OH)D3, TG2, IL-4 and IL-13 levels in children with eczema.

The study aims to examine fluctuations in the levels of serum vitamin A, 25-(OH)D, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 in pediatric eczema patients and explore how these changes relate to the severity of the condition. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 159 children with eczema admitted to the hospital from May 2023 to October 2024 as the experimental group. The patients were divided into groups according to the severity of the disease: mild group(≤ 25 points, n = 45), moderate group(25-50 points, n = 72) and severe group(>50 points, n = 42).

Leveraging transformer models to predict cognitive impairment: accuracy, efficiency, and interpretability.

Objective: This study aims to develop an enhanced Transformer model for predicting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), focusing on handling mixed data types and improving predictive accuracy.

Methods: The Transformer integrates categorical (integer-encoded) and continuous (floating-point) data, using multi-head attention with four heads to capture complex relationships. Preprocessing involved separate embedding layers for categorical data and feed-forward networks for continuous data.

Silica Nanoparticles Induce SH-SY5Y Cells Death Via PARP and Caspase Signaling Pathways.

A growing stream of research indicates that exposure to Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) can cause nervous system damage, leading to the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, the specific mechanism by which SiNPs cause neuroblast injury remains unclear and requires further research. This study established an in vitro experimental model of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to SiNPs and observed cell growth through an inverted fluorescence microscope.

Chronic Cr(VI) exposure-induced biotoxicity involved in liver microbiota-gut axis disruption in Phoxinus lagowskii Dybowski based on multi-omics technologies.

Cr(VI) is widely used in industry and has high toxicity, making it one of the most common environmental pollutants. Long-term exposure to Cr(VI) can cause metabolic disorders and tissue damage. However, the effects of Cr(VI) on liver and gut microbes in fish have rarely been reported.

Circular Polymer Designed by Regulating Entropy: Spiro-Valerolactone-Based Polyesters with High Gas Barriers and Adhesion Strength.

Enthalpy is often the focal point when designing monomers for polymer circularity, but much less is explored on how entropy can be exploited to create polymers with synergistic circularity and properties. Here, we design a series of spiro-lactones (SLs) with closed-chain cycloalk(en)yl substituents at the α,α-position of δ-valerolactone (δVL), which, when combined with the parent δVL and -α,α-dialkyl-substituted δVL with open-chain alkyl groups, provide a desired platform for exploring the circular polymer design by focusing on the entropy change of polymerization. These SLs exhibit finely balanced (de)polymerizability that is regulated chiefly by entropy differentiation, allowing both the facile synthesis of polyester PSLs ( up to 1000 kg mol) in a living fashion and selective depolymerization of the PSLs to completely recover monomers under mild conditions (using a recyclable catalyst at 100 °C).

Perceived biodiversity of public greenspace and mental well-being.

Biodiversity is known to promote the mental well-being of urban residents. However, few studies have examined the perceived and empirically measured biodiversity and their potential pathways related to mental health. This study constructed a composite biodiversity index (bio index) using multiple NDVI metrics through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and validated its effectiveness through a validation experiment.

Left Insula and Right Middle Temporal Gyrus Dominate Cortical Network Discriminating Arousal-dependent Emotions.

Emotion processing is an integral part of everyone's life. The basic neural circuits involved in emotion perception are becoming clear, though the emotion's cognitive processing remains under investigation. Utilizing the stereo-electroencephalograph with high temporal-spatial resolution, this study aims to decipher the neural pathway responsible for discriminating low-arousal and high-arousal emotions.

Multi-channel spatio-temporal graph attention contrastive network for brain disease diagnosis.

Dynamic brain networks (DBNs) can capture the intricate connections and temporal evolution among brain regions, becoming increasingly crucial in the diagnosis of neurological disorders. However, most existing researches tend to focus on isolated brain network sequence segmented by sliding windows, and they are difficult to effectively uncover the higher-order spatio-temporal topological pattern in DBNs. Meantime, it remains a challenge to utilize the structure connectivity prior in the DBNs analysis.

Safety and effectiveness of dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection and the effect on the glycated hemoglobin level in type 2 diabetes.

Patients with diabetes have a high risk of failure of H. pylori eradication therapy. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan-amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy for the treatment of H.

Efficacy and safety of perioperative sintilimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for potentially resectable stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (periSCOPE): an open-label, single-arm, phase II trial.

Background: The absolute overall survival (OS) improvement with preoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is controversial and unsatisfactory. We designed this trial to explore the efficacy and safety of perioperative sintilimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for potentially resectable stage IIIB NSCLC to facilitate further optimization of this therapeutic strategy.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IIIB NSCLC through invasive staging approaches and/or PET/CT scans and evaluated as having a high probability of radical resection of the primary lesion and metastatic lymph nodes with clear pathological margins by a multidisciplinary team were enrolled in this open-label, single-arm, phase II trial at a single centre in China.

Theoretical Study on the Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium by Metal-Modified and Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials.

Cr(VI) can cause great harm to human beings and the environment and often exists in the form of HCrO̅ in aqueous environments. The adsorption characteristics of HCrO̅ on nitrogen-doped and iron-nickel-modified carbon substrates were systematically investigated using first principles. The properties of electron transfer and orbital hybridization of the substrates and HCrO̅ during the adsorption process were analyzed by electron deformation density and density of states.

LZ-R-5 Ameliorates DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Enhancing Intestinal Barrier Function.

LZ-R-5 (R-5), a strain with high epithelial adhesion and bioactive exopolysaccharide production, was isolated from Tibetan kefir grains. This study investigated its potential to alleviate intestinal inflammation using a DSS-induced colitis model in BALB/c mice. We integrated microbial diversity and serological analyses to assess changes in gut flora and cytokines following the R-5 treatment.

Impact of extreme temperature on congenital heart disease mortality: a population-based nationwide case-crossover study.

Background: The association between congenital heart disease (CHD) and non-optimal temperatures has received limited investigation. We aimed to investigate the impact of extreme temperatures on CHD mortality.

Methods: We reviewed the National Mortality Surveillance System of China and retrieved death records attributable to CHD from 2013 to 2021.

DEHP-mediated oxidative stress leads to impaired testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells through the cAMP/PKA/SF-1/StAR pathway.

Leydig cells (LCs) injury is often irreversible upon discovery; hence, early identification of risk factors for injury is crucial. The ubiquitous plasticizer di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in the environment has been shown to potentially cause damage to LCs. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Adjuvant immunotherapy does not improve survival in non-small cell lung cancer with major/complete pathologic response after induction immunotherapy.

Background: In patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens in both neoadjuvant and perioperative settings have demonstrated a survival benefit. However, no previous study has compared the efficacy between pure neoadjuvant and perioperative approaches, especially in patients who achieve a substantial pathologic response.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with clinical stage II-IIIB NSCLC who achieved either a major pathologic response (MPR) or pathologic complete response (pCR) after induction ICI plus chemotherapy, followed by resection, between 2019 and 2023 were identified from multicenter databases.

The global regulator SpoVG is involved in biofilm formation and stress response in foodborne Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a primary culprit of food poisoning. As a highly adaptable pathogen, S.

Uniportal Robotic Lobectomy and Lymphadenectomy for Invasive Lung Cancer: A Novel Approach and Perioperative Outcomes.

Background: Multiport robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (mRATS) has been comprehensively evaluated for its clinical efficacy in numerous studies. Nevertheless, the safety and feasibility of uniportal robotic lobectomy and lymphadenectomy require further validation.

Methods: The clinical data of 34 consecutive patients with lung cancer who underwent improved uniportal robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (uRATS) at our hospital between November 2023 and June 2024 were reviewed retrospectively.