Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in children.

Background: In children with urinary tract infection (UTI), only those with pyelonephritis (and not cystitis) are at risk for developing long-term renal sequelae. If non-invasive biomarkers could accurately differentiate children with cystitis from children with pyelonephritis, treatment and follow-up could potentially be individualized. This is an update of a review first published in 2015.

Adverse Events of Antibiotics Used to Treat Acute Otitis Media in Children: A Systematic Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To characterize the incidence of adverse events (AEs) associated with antibiotics used to treat acute otitis media in children.

Study Design: We searched MEDLINE for studies conducted between January 1, 1966, and August 25, 2018. Two authors independently assessed potential studies and extracted the data.