Histological findings in protocol biopsies following pediatric liver transplant: Low incidence of abnormalities at 5 years.

Histological abnormalities, including chronic hepatitis, fibrosis, and steatosis, are increasingly reported in liver biopsies of children after LT. These changes may be progressive and represent a form of rejection. Liver biochemistry is often initially normal.

Immunochemistry screening for Lynch syndrome in colorectal adenocarcinoma using an initial two antibody panel can replace a four antibody panel.

Aim: The current practice in immunochemistry staining for Lynch syndrome (LS) is to use a four-antibody panel, (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) to screen for the four Mismatch Repair (MMR) gene expressions involved. We hypothesised that testing two antibodies (MSH6 and PMS2), followed by the other two only when there is loss of expression of the first two antibodies, would be equally effective as a four antibody panel in detecting LS. This hypothesis is based on the biochemical binding properties of the MMR proteins.

Hepatocellular carcinoma during pregnancy: case report and review of the literature.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during pregnancy is very rare with poor prognosis. We report a case of a HCC in a 33-year-old, pregnant female with an otherwise normal liver and no risk factors, diagnosed by routine prenatal ultrasound scan and elevated alpha-feto protein levels. She underwent a synchronous caesarean section and liver resection at 30 weeks of gestation with good perioperative outcome and no recurrent disease at 1-year follow-up.

Differential diagnosis of stenosing lesions at the hepatic hilus.

A significant number of stenosing lesions at the hepatic hilus represent benign disease rather than hilar cholangiocarcinoma. It is unclear, however, which perioperative investigations are useful for defining benign lesions in this location. A series of 49 consecutive patients who presented with obstructive jaundice due to a stenosing lesion at the hepatic hilus were investigated by documenting elevated plasma bilirubin levels, the presence of weight loss, and elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Ca 19-9 concentrations.